Data for "Responses of turkey vultures to unmanned aircraft systems vary by platform"

Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Pfeiffer, Morgan B.
Originator: Blackwell, Bradley F.
Originator: Seamans, Thomas W.
Originator: Buckingham, Bruce N.
Originator: Hoblet, Joshua L.
Originator: Baumhardt, Patrice E.
Originator: DeVault, Travis L.
Originator: Fernández-Juricic, Esteban
Publication_Date: 2021
Title:
Data for "Responses of turkey vultures to unmanned aircraft systems vary by platform"
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Research Dataset Series
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: USDA, APHIS, WS National Wildlife Research Center
Other_Citation_Details:
Updated 27 January 2022
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/NWRC-RDS-2021-003
Description:
Abstract:
This data publication includes raw data from 100 unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) field trials at the Erie County Landfill, 10102 Hoover Road, Milan, OH, USA 44846-9711. Data were collected 08 July 2019 – 03 September 2019 and include UAS trial characteristics, bird counts from before and after the trial, focal vulture data, environmental characteristics, time stamps for post processing of flight-initiation distance and UAS speed.
Purpose:
To understand turkey vulture response to unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) approach. Turkey vultures are considered a risk to aviation safety and dispersing them in a nonlethal way is of interest for human health and safety.
Supplemental_Information:
For more information about this study and these data, see Pfeiffer et al. (2021).

These data were published on 11/02/2021. On 11/5/2021 metadata was updated to include reference to newly published article (Pfeiffer et al. 2021). Ninety-four videos recorded by the “eye-in-the-sky” UAS of the treatment UAS approaching turkey vultures were added to this package on 01/27/2022. In 6 trials, the “eye-in-the-sky” UAS failed to record the interaction (RunNo 3, 17, 32, 91, 92, and 94).
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20190601
Ending_Date: 20190708
Currentness_Reference:
Ground condition
Status:
Progress: In progress
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
Erie County Landfill, Milan, Ohio, USA
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.60274
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.59388
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.34632
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.33857
Bounding_Altitudes:
Altitude_Minimum: 0
Altitude_Maximum: 390
Altitude_Distance_Units: feet
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: biota
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
Theme_Keyword: Wildlife (or Fauna)
Theme_Keyword: Birds
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: animal-vehicle collisions
Theme_Keyword: drone
Theme_Keyword: human-wildlife interactions
Theme_Keyword: landfill
Theme_Keyword: scavenger
Theme_Keyword: unoccupied aircraft system
Theme_Keyword: Cathartes aura
Theme_Keyword: Larus argentatus
Theme_Keyword: Larus delawarensis
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Ohio
Taxonomy:
Keywords/Taxon:
Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus:
None
Taxonomic_Keywords: multiple species
Taxonomic_Keywords: animals
Taxonomic_System:
Classification_System/Authority:
Classification_System_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: ITIS
Publication_Date: 2021
Title:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: online-database
Other_Citation_Details:
Retrieved [November, 2, 2021]; CC0
Online_Linkage: www.itis.gov
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK
Taxonomic_Procedures:
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia
Applicable_Common_Name: Animal
Applicable_Common_Name: animaux
Applicable_Common_Name: animals
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Bilateria
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Deuterostomia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Chordata
Applicable_Common_Name: cordés
Applicable_Common_Name: cordado
Applicable_Common_Name: chordates
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Vertebrata
Applicable_Common_Name: vertebrado
Applicable_Common_Name: vertébrés
Applicable_Common_Name: vertebrates
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gnathostomata
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tetrapoda
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Aves
Applicable_Common_Name: Birds
Applicable_Common_Name: oiseaux
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Charadriiformes
Applicable_Common_Name: Shore Birds
Applicable_Common_Name: Gulls
Applicable_Common_Name: Alcids
Applicable_Common_Name: Plovers
Applicable_Common_Name: Oystercatchers
Applicable_Common_Name: goélands
Applicable_Common_Name: alcidés
Applicable_Common_Name: Auks
Applicable_Common_Name: huîtriers
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Laridae
Applicable_Common_Name: Gulls
Applicable_Common_Name: Terns
Applicable_Common_Name: becs-en-ciseaux
Applicable_Common_Name: goélands
Applicable_Common_Name: labbes
Applicable_Common_Name: mouettes
Applicable_Common_Name: Skimmers
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Larus
Applicable_Common_Name: Gulls
Applicable_Common_Name: Ivory Gulls
Applicable_Common_Name: Kittiwakes
Applicable_Common_Name: Ross' Gulls
Applicable_Common_Name: Sabine's Gulls
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Larus argentatus
Applicable_Common_Name: Gaviota plateada
Applicable_Common_Name: Herring Gull
Applicable_Common_Name: Goéland argenté
Applicable_Common_Name: European Herring Gull
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Larus delawarensis
Applicable_Common_Name: Gaviota pico anillado
Applicable_Common_Name: Ring-billed Gull
Applicable_Common_Name: Goéland à bec cerclé
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Accipitriformes
Applicable_Common_Name: éperviers
Applicable_Common_Name: Hawks
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Cathartidae
Applicable_Common_Name: American Vultures
Applicable_Common_Name: New World Vultures
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Cathartes
Applicable_Common_Name: Turkey Vultures
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Cathartes aura
Applicable_Common_Name: Zopilote aura
Applicable_Common_Name: Turkey Vulture
Applicable_Common_Name: Urubu à tête rouge
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

Pfeiffer, Morgan B.; Blackwell, Bradley F.; Seamans, Thomas W.; Buckingham, Bruce N.; Hoblet, Joshua L.; Baumhardt, Patrice E.; DeVault, Travis L.; Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban. 2021. Data for "Responses of turkey vultures to unmanned aircraft systems varies by platform". Research Dataset Series. USDA, APHIS, WS National Wildlife Research Center. Ft. Collins, Colorado. Updated 27 January 2022. https://doi.org/10.2737/NWRC-RDS-2021-003
Data_Set_Credit:
This project was funded by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA, IA No: 692M15-19-T-00017) and United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center (USDA, APHIS, WS NWRC).


Author Information:

Morgan B. Pfeiffer
USDA, APHIS, WS NWRC, Sandusky, OH
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-5295

Bradley F. Blackwell
USDA, APHIS, WS NWRC, Sandusky, OH

Thomas W. Seamans
USDA, APHIS, WS NWRC, Sandusky, OH

Bruce N. Buckingham
USDA, APHIS, WS NWRC, Sandusky, OH

Joshua L. Hoblet
USDA, APHIS, WS NWRC, Sandusky, OH

Patrice E. Baumhardt
Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

Travis L. DeVault
Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6413-1104

Esteban Fernández-Juricic
Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Pfeiffer, Morgan B.
Originator: Blackwell, Bradley F.
Originator: Seamans, Thomas W.
Originator: Buckingham, Bruce N.
Originator: Hoblet, Joshua L.
Originator: Baumhardt, Patrice E.
Originator: DeVault, Travis L.
Originator: Fernández-Juricic, Esteban
Publication_Date: 2021
Title:
Responses of turkey vultures to unmanned aircraft systems vary by platform
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Scientific Reports
Issue_Identification: 11(1): 21655
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01098-5
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Data were recorded in the field on paper datasheets and transcribed to the database and checked for quality by the first author.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Extensive data checking of sample locations and collection methods was conducted by the first author.

Images used for measurements for flight-initiation distance and speed were reviewed by two authors. One author was blind to the UAS treatment.
Completeness_Report:
No data are missing. NA relates to Not Applicable because the behavior did not occur (e.g., there were not 7 vultures that flushed) or we were unable to determine the value because of logistics (e.g., had to leave the study area before recording when the vultures returned).

Videos for 94 of the 100 UAS field trials are included in this data package. Videos for 6 are missing because the “eye-in-the-sky” UAS failed to record the interactions as indicated by the field “Video”. The “eye-in-the-sky” UAS failed to record the interaction in RunNos 3, 17, 32, 91, 92, and 94.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:
From 08 July 2019 through 03 September 2019, 100 unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) field trials took place at the Erie County Landfill, 10102 Hoover Road, Milan, OH, USA 44846-9711. These field trials included different approaches (overhead and targeted) and different drone types (multirotor, fixed-wing, ornithopter). Turkey Vulture, Herring Gull, and Ring-billed Gull bird counts both on the ground and in the air were recorded both before and after the trial. Turkey Vulture response to UAS was also recorded, along with other measurements such as environmental characteristics

The observer wrote data down on a paper datasheet in the field by either direct observation or through communication with other field personnel. Paper datasheets were transcribed to the database at the end of each day by the first author. Post processing time stamps came from watching the videos collected from the “eye in the sky” UAS and isolating the UAS or the moment the bird initiated escape. Distances were calculated using ArcPro on the georeferenced still images.

For additional information see Pfeiffer et al. (2021).
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Pfeiffer, Morgan B.
Originator: Blackwell, Bradley F.
Originator: Seamans, Thomas W.
Originator: Buckingham, Bruce N.
Originator: Hoblet, Joshua L.
Originator: Baumhardt, Patrice E.
Originator: DeVault, Travis L.
Originator: Fernández-Juricic, Esteban
Publication_Date: 2021
Title:
Responses of turkey vultures to unmanned aircraft systems vary by platform
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Scientific Reports
Issue_Identification: 11(1): 21655
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01098-5
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
No process steps have been described for this data set
Process_Date: Unknown
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Below you will find a list and description of the files included in this data publication.

DATA (2)

1. \Data\Pfeiffer_etal_ArchivedDataset.csv: Comma-separated values file containing raw data on UAS field trial characteristics, bird responses, and post processing analysis of the “eye in the sky” videos. A description of the variables included in this file can be found in Pfeiffer_etal_VariableDescrip.csv.

2. \Data\Pfeiffer_etal_VariableDescrip.csv: Comma-separated values file containing a list and description of the variables included in Pfeiffer_etal_data.csv.


SUPPLEMENTAL FILES (94)

1-94. \Supplements\Run##.mp4: MPEG-4 video files containing the 08 July 2019 through 03 September 2019 unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) field trials.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Pfeiffer, Morgan B.; Blackwell, Bradley F.; Seamans, Thomas W.; Buckingham, Bruce N.; Hoblet, Joshua L.; Baumhardt, Patrice E.; DeVault, Travis L.; Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban. 2021. Responses of turkey vultures to unmanned aircraft systems varies by platform. Scientific Reports 11(1): 21655. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01098-5
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development
Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Instructions
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of January 2022. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Resource_Description: NWRC-RDS-2021-003
Distribution_Liability:
Metadata documents have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise stated, all data and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, neither the author, the Archive, nor any part of the federal government can assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed for a user's application of these data or related materials.

The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: CSV
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Comma-separated values file (CSV)
File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with 7-Zip 19.0
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/NWRC-RDS-2021-003
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: MP4
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
MPEG-4 video file (MP4)
File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with 7-Zip 19.0
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/NWRC-RDS-2021-003
Fees: None
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20210127
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Research Center
Contact_Person: Morgan B. Pfeiffer
Contact_Position: Research Wildlife Biologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 6100 Columbus Ave.
City: Sandusky
State_or_Province: OH
Postal_Code: 44870
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 419-625-0242
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: morgan.b.pfeiffer@usda.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
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