Bovine tuberculosis surveillance in white-tailed deer in Alpena County, Michigan and associated landscape covariates

Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Feuka, Abigail B.
Originator: Pandey, Aakash
Originator: Cosgrove, Melinda K.
Originator: Moriarty, Megan E.
Originator: Duffiney, Anthony G.
Originator: Campa III, Henry R.
Originator: VerCauteren, Kurt C.
Originator: Pepin, Kimberly M.
Publication_Date: 2023
Title:
Bovine tuberculosis surveillance in white-tailed deer in Alpena County, Michigan and associated landscape covariates
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular and vector digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Research Dataset Series
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: USDA, APHIS, WS National Wildlife Research Center
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/NWRC-RDS-2023-004
Description:
Abstract:
Multiple surveillance methods were used to determine factors influencing the spread of a low-prevalence disease, bovine tuberculosis (bTB), among white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in a bTB endemic area from 2011 to 2020. Surveillance occurred at the quarter-township (25 square kilometer) level in Alpena County, MI resulting in data for 74 different sites. This data publication includes the number of bTB tests conducted on white-tailed deer in a quarter-section (site) each year and the number of those tests that were positive for bTB. It also includes for each site and year, the estimated number of deer per square mile, proportion of site covered by crops, and the number of days below 0 degrees Celsius. A map showing the location of each site is also provided.
Purpose:
Surveillance testing for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in white-tailed deer is conducted in Michigan to monitor disease prevalence and spatial distribution in the population. These data were fit to a dynamic occupancy model to quantify spatial spread of bTB at the landscape scale.
Supplemental_Information:
For more information about this study and these data, see Feuka et al. (2024).

These data were originally published on 12/15/2023. On 03/01/2024, the metadata was updated to include more details for the recently published article.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20110101
Ending_Date: 20201231
Currentness_Reference:
Ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
This study took place in Alpena County, Michigan, USA. We reference the bTB Core area, which is a state-designated area consisting of parts of Alpena, Alcona, Oscoda, and Montmorency counties in Michigan where most of the states bTB cases have occurred. This area has special regulations as defined by Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development.
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -83.88973
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -83.26702
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 45.20710
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 44.85651
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: biota
Theme_Keyword: health
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
Theme_Keyword: Wildlife (or Fauna)
Theme_Keyword: Mammals
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: bovine tuberculosis
Theme_Keyword: white-tailed deer
Theme_Keyword: Mycobacterium bovis
Theme_Keyword: Odocoileus virginianus
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Michigan
Place_Keyword: Alpena County
Taxonomy:
Keywords/Taxon:
Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus:
None
Taxonomic_Keywords: single species
Taxonomic_Keywords: animals
Taxonomic_System:
Classification_System/Authority:
Classification_System_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: ITIS
Publication_Date: 2023
Title:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: online-database
Other_Citation_Details:
Retrieved [December, 11, 2023]; CC0
Online_Linkage: https://www.itis.gov
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK
Taxonomic_Procedures:
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Empire
Taxon_Rank_Value: Biovitae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia
Applicable_Common_Name: Animal
Applicable_Common_Name: animaux
Applicable_Common_Name: animals
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Bilateria
Applicable_Common_Name: triploblasts
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Deuterostomia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Chordata
Applicable_Common_Name: cordés
Applicable_Common_Name: cordado
Applicable_Common_Name: chordates
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Vertebrata
Applicable_Common_Name: vertebrado
Applicable_Common_Name: vertébrés
Applicable_Common_Name: vertebrates
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Gnathostomata
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tetrapoda
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Mammalia
Applicable_Common_Name: mammifères
Applicable_Common_Name: mamífero
Applicable_Common_Name: mammals
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Theria
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Eutheria
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Artiodactyla
Applicable_Common_Name: artiodactyls
Applicable_Common_Name: porco do mato
Applicable_Common_Name: veado
Applicable_Common_Name: cloven-hoofed ungulates
Applicable_Common_Name: even-toed ungulates
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Cervidae
Applicable_Common_Name: cervids
Applicable_Common_Name: caribou
Applicable_Common_Name: deer
Applicable_Common_Name: moose
Applicable_Common_Name: wapiti
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subfamily
Taxon_Rank_Value: Capreolinae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Odocoileus
Applicable_Common_Name: mule deer
Applicable_Common_Name: white-tailed deer
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Odocoileus virginianus
Applicable_Common_Name: white-tailed deer
Applicable_Common_Name: White-tailed Deer
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Bacteria
Applicable_Common_Name: bactéries
Applicable_Common_Name: bacteria
Applicable_Common_Name: bacterias
Applicable_Common_Name: bactérias
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Posibacteria
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Actinobacteria
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Actinobacteridae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Actinomycetales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Suborder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Corynebacterineae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Mycobacteriaceae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Mycobacterium
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Mycobacterium bovis
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

Feuka, Abigail B.; Pandey, Aakash; Cosgrove, Melinda K.; Moriarty, Megan E.; Duffiney, Anthony G.; Campa III, Henry R.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.; Pepin, Kimberly M. 2023. Bovine tuberculosis surveillance in white-tailed deer in Alpena County, Michigan and associated landscape covariates. Research Dataset Series. USDA, APHIS, WS National Wildlife Research Center. Ft. Collins, Colorado. https://doi.org/10.2737/NWRC-RDS-2023-004
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Disease Laboratory
Contact_Person: Melinda Cosgrove
Contact_Position: Laboratory Science Manager
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4125 Beaumont Road
City: Lansing
State_or_Province: MI
Postal_Code: 48910-8106
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 517-336-5043
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: cosgrovem1@michigan.gov
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of original publication date. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Data_Set_Credit:
This project was funded by Michigan Department of Natural Resources as well as the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center.


Author Information:

Abigail B. Feuka
USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Research Center (Fort Collins, CO)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6201-4892

Aakash Pandey
Michigan State University, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7935-8192

Melinda K. Cosgrove
Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Disease Laboratory
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9434-141X

Megan E. Moriarty
Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Disease Laboratory

Anthony G. Duffiney
USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Services (Lansing, MI)

Henry R. Campa III
Michigan State University, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife

Kurt C. VerCauteren
USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Research Center (Fort Collins, CO)

Kimberly M. Pepin
USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Research Center (Fort Collins, CO)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9931-8312
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Pandey, Aakash
Originator: Feuka, Abigail B.
Originator: Cosgrove, Melinda K.
Originator: Moriarty, Megan E.
Originator: Duffiney, Anthony G.
Originator: VerCauteren, Kurt C.
Originator: Campa III, Henry R.
Originator: Pepin, Kimberly M.
Publication_Date: 2023
Title:
Wildlife vaccination strategies for eliminating bovine tuberculosis at the wildlife-livestock interface
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: NeoBiota
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.06.22.546040
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Feuka, Abigail B.
Originator: Pandey, Aakash
Originator: Cosgrove, Melinda K.
Originator: Moriarty, Megan E.
Originator: Duffiney, Anthony G.
Originator: Campa III, Henry R.
Originator: VerCauteren, Kurt C.
Originator: Pepin, Kimberly M.
Publication_Date: 2024
Title:
Estimating landscape spread of a low-prevalence disease using multiple surveillance methods
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Journal of Applied Ecology
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14574
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Samples are submitted by members of the public and agency personnel. Original locations of deer bTB samples are the locations at which the deer was removed at the Public Land Survey section scale. Any samples outside of Alpena County, Michigan were removed from the dataset. We further aggregated these to the quarter township (25 square kilometer [km²]) scale. Though the original locations could include estimation error (either by GPS signal or by the user estimating on a map where they removed a deer), at the scale of analysis (25 km²), the locations of the deer are likely accurate. Time stamps (day scale) are the day the deer was submitted for testing, which is recorded by Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) staff and considered accurate.

Samples are tested for bTB using mycobacterial culture, which has a high sensitivity and specificity, and considered the “gold standard” of bTB testing. Deer heads are inspected visually by natural resources staff for gross lesions in lymphatic tissue, if none are detected, the deer is considered bTB-negative. This assumption could lead to false negatives; one study estimated that 26% of bTB-positive deer do no have gross lesions (O’Brien et al. 2004) and another measured the sensitivity of the entire surveillance process (harvest, checking, and testing) at 75% and the specificity at 100% (O’Brien et al. 2001).

O’Brien, Daniel J.; Fitzgerald, Scott D.; Lyon, Timothy J.; Butler, Kelly L.; Fierke, Jean S.; Clarke, Kathy R.; Schmitt, Stephen M.; Cooley, Thomas M.; Berry, Dale E. 2001. Tuberculosis lesions in free-ranging white-tailed deer. Journal of Wildlife Disease. 37(3): 608–613. https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-37.3.608

O’Brien, Daniel J.; Schmitt, Stephen M.; Berry, Dale E.; Fitzgerald, Scott D.; Vanneste, Jolene R.; Lyon, Timothy J.; Magsig, Diane; Fierke, Jean S.; Cooley, Thomas M.; Zwick, Laura S.; Thomsen, Bruce V. 2004. Estimating the true prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis in hunter-harvested white-tailed deer in Michigan. Journal of Wildlife Disease. 40(1): 42–52. https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-40.1.42
Logical_Consistency_Report:
The data are logically consistent, as verified during data cleaning and analysis.
Completeness_Report:
This is a subset of Michigan’s white-tailed deer surveillance data, any surveillance not occurring in Alpena County, Michigan from 2011-2020 on white-tailed deer are not included.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodolgy_Identifier:
Methodolgy_Keyword_Thesaurus:
None
Methodology_Keyword: disease surveillance
Methodology_Keyword: Mycobacterial culture
Methodology_Description:
STUDY LOCATION

This study took place in Alpena County, Michigan, USA which is an area containing a large amount of high-quality deer cover interspersed with agricultural fields. We chose this county for our analysis because it has some of the highest apparent bTB prevalence rates in white-tailed deer. Within Alpena County is part of the bTB Core Area, which refers to the historical center of Michigan’s bTB outbreak, where the majority of cases in deer and cattle are observed. A map showing the study area is provided in Feuka et al. (2024, Figure 1).


DATA COLLECTION

Three different types of surveillance methods were used by the MDNR and the USDA Wildlife Services (USDA-WS) when trying to understand the spatial distribution of bTB in deer from 2011-2020: hunter-harvested deer ("public harvest"), deer removed by USDA-WS staff ("agency removals"), and deer opportunistically sampled and submitted for testing ("opportunistic").

Deer heads were visually inspected for gross lesions and if lesions found, sent to the Michigan Wildlife Health Laboratory for mycobacterial culture. Any heads that test positive for Mycobacterium bovis were recorded as positive, those that test negative or have no gross lesions were recorded as negative.


For complete details see Feuka et al. (2024).
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Feuka, Abigail B.
Originator: Pandey, Aakash
Originator: Cosgrove, Melinda K.
Originator: Moriarty, Megan E.
Originator: Duffiney, Anthony G.
Originator: Campa III, Henry R.
Originator: VerCauteren, Kurt C.
Originator: Pepin, Kimberly M.
Publication_Date: 2024
Title:
Estimating landscape spread of a low-prevalence disease using multiple surveillance methods
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Journal of Applied Ecology
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14574
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: O’Brien, Daniel J.
Originator: Schmitt, Stephen M.
Originator: Fierke, Jean S.
Originator: Hogle, Stephanie A.
Originator: Winterstein, Scott R.
Originator: Cooley, Thomas M
Originator: Moritz, William E.
Originator: Diegel, Kelly L.
Originator: Fitzgerald, Scott D.
Originator: Berry, Dale E.
Originator: Kaneene, John B.
Publication_Date: 2002
Title:
Epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis in free-ranging white-tailed deer, Michigan, USA, 1995-2000
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Preventive Veterinary Medicine
Issue_Identification: 54(1): 47–63
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-5877(02)00010-7
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Dewitz, Jon
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2021
Title:
National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2019 Products
Edition: Version 2.0, June 2021
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Other_Citation_Details:
[Data retrieved April 28, 2022]
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KZCM54
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2011
Ending_Date: 2020
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Publication Date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
NLCD 2019
Source_Contribution:
Proportion of agricultural cover
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Publication_Date: 2022
Title:
Global summary of the year
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publisher: Global Historical Climatology Network
Other_Citation_Details:
[Data retrieved May 2, 2022]
Online_Linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/gsoy/
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2011
Ending_Date: 2020
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Publication Date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
NOAA (2022)
Source_Contribution:
Days below zero degrees Celsius
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
COVARIATE DATA

Covariate data for modeling spread included proportion of the quarter-township covered by agriculture (NLCD 2019) and the number of days below 32 degrees Fahrenheit or 0 degrees Celsius (NOAA 2022). To calculate the proportion of the cite covered by agriculture, we transformed all crop layers from the National Land Cover Database 2019 into a binary raster over Alpena County, then divided the area in each quarter-township covered in agriculture by the total area of the quarter-township The number of days below 0C was calculated using daily weather data from the NOAA Global Summary of the Year stations in Alpena County, MI. The mean of multiple stations’ temperature data was taken for each day 2011-2020, and the number of days below 0C were calculated for each year. All calculation were performed in R using the “sf” package for spatial analysis.

Deer density estimates were calculated by fitting hunter harvested deer estimates to a Bayesian hierarchical removal model that accounts for imperfect detection and sampling effort. This approach allowed us to estimate deer abundance for five deer management units in northern Michigan. We divided abundance estimates by the deer management unit area to obtain density. Estimates fit to the surveillance model are posterior mean estimates of density for Alpena County and the bTB Core area. Details on this methodology are described in Feuka et al. (2024) Supplementary Information 1.

All covariates are scaled (divided by the standard deviation) and centered (mean subtracted from each value) using the scale() function in R to allow for comparison of regression coefficients. For this reason, covariates that are normally all positive (deer density) or 0 to 1 (proportion of agriculture), are on an all real number scale.


Feuka, Abigail B.; Pandey, Aakash; Cosgrove, Melinda K.; Moriarty, Megan E.; Duffiney, Anthony G.; Campa III, Henry R.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.; Pepin, Kimberly M. 2024. Estimating landscape spread of a low-prevalence disease using multiple surveillance methods. Journal of Applied Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14574
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
NLCD (2019), NOAA (2022)
Process_Date: 2023
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
DATA AGGREGATION

Raw surveillance data are collected at the Public Land Survey section level and recorded by date for the entire state of Michigan. We aggregated data by quarter-township and year. We also scaled and centered all covariates. We spatially restricted the analysis associated with these data (Feuka et al. 2024) to Alpena County, MI and filtered out observations outside of this area.
Process_Date: 2023
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Below you will find a list and description of the files included in this data publication.

VARIABLE DESCRIPTION FILES (1)

1. \Data\_variable_descriptions.csv: Comma-separated values (CSV) file containing a list and description of variables found in all data files. (A description of these variables is also provided in the metadata below.)

Columns include:

Filename = Name of data file
Variable = Name of variable
Units = Units (if applicable)
Precision = Precision (if applicable)
Description = Description of variable



DATA FILES (3)

1. \Data\alpena_mi_btb_surveillance_2011-2020.csv: CSV file containing bovine tuberculosis surveillance data from 2011-2020 in Alpena County Michigan which include the number of bTB tests conducted on white-tailed deer each year for 74 quarter-townships, how many of those tests were positive as well as landscape covariate data such as the number of deer per square mile, proportion of site covered by crops, and the number of days below 0 degrees Celsius.

Variables include:

OBSNO = Observation number

SITE = Name of quarter-township

DMUname = Michigan deer management unit name ("Alpena" or "bTB Core Area")

Area = Area of each site quarter township in meters squared

Year = Year surveillance samples collected (2011-2020)

site.idx = Site number used for indexing in the model (1-74)

dens.sc = Deer density (number of deer per square mile) at the deer management unit level, as calculated by removal modeling. Scaled and centered for analysis.

agri.sc = Proportion of site covered by crops (agriculture), according to 2019 National Land Cover Database (NLCD 2019). Scaled and centered for analysis.

temp.sc = Number of days per year below 0 degrees Celsius. Yearly average of NOAA weather stations in Alpena County (NOAA 2022). Centered and scaled for analysis.

year.idx = Year number used for indexing in model (1-10)

survey.idx = Survey type index used for model (1=public harvest, 2=opportunistic, 3=agency removals, NA = no bTB samples taken)

nTBpos = Number of samples testing positive for bTB in a site and year (0-4, NA = no bTB samples taken)

nSamp = Number of total samples (deer heads) tested for bTB in a site and year (1-93, NA = no bTB samples taken)


2. \Data\alpena_quarter_townships.gpkg: Geopackage containing the quarter-township polygons.

Variables include:

FID = FID is a unique identifier of an object within a table

Shape = Geometry of each feature (all features are polygons in this case)

SITE = Name of quarter-township

site.idx = Site number used for indexing in the model (1-74)


3. \Data\alpena_quarter_townships.shp: Shapefile containing the quarter-township polygons.

Variables include:

FID = FID is a unique identifier of an object within a table

Shape = Geometry of each feature (all features are polygons in this case)

SITE = Name of quarter-township

site.idx = Site number used for indexing in the model (1-74)
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Dewitz, Jon; U.S. Geological Survey. 2021. National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2019 Products. Version 2.0, June 2021. U.S. Geological Survey. [Data retrieved April 28, 2022] https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KZCM54

Feuka, Abigail B.; Pandey, Aakash; Cosgrove, Melinda K.; Moriarty, Megan E.; Duffiney, Anthony G.; Campa III, Henry R.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.; Pepin, Kimberly M. 2004. Estimating landscape spread of a low-prevalence disease using multiple surveillance methods. Journal of Applied Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14574

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2022. Global summary of the year. [Data retrieved from Global Historical Climatology Network on May 2, 2022]. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/gsoy/
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development
Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Instructions
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of March 2024. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Resource_Description: NWRC-RDS-2023-004
Distribution_Liability:
Metadata documents have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise stated, all data and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, neither the author, the Archive, nor any part of the federal government can assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed for a user's application of these data or related materials.

The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: CSV
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Comma-separated values file (CSV)
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/NWRC-RDS-2023-004
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: SHP
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Shapefile
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/NWRC-RDS-2023-004
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: GPKG
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
OGC Geopackage
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/NWRC-RDS-2023-004
Fees: None
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20240301
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Research Center
Contact_Person: Abigail Feuka
Contact_Position: Data Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 4101 Laporte Ave.
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80521-2154
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 970-266-6051
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: abigail.feuka@usda.gov
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of original publication date. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
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