Presence and absence of butterflies in the Shoshone Mountains and Toiyabe and Toquima ranges, Nevada

Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Fleishman, Erica
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Presence and absence of butterflies in the Shoshone Mountains and Toiyabe and Toquima ranges, Nevada
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2011-0003
Description:
Abstract:
These data document annual observed presences and absences of resident butterflies in canyons throughout three mountain ranges in the central Great Basin (Lander and Nye counties, Nevada): the Shoshone Mountains, Toiyabe Range, and Toquima Range. Data were collected from 1995 through 2003, inclusive. Records for each year are based on multiple visits (approximately 6) at 10-14 day intervals from late May through late August or early September.
Purpose:
Data were collected to examine relationships between occurrence of butterflies and topography and between occurrence of butterflies and birds. Data also were collected to investigate baseline variation in occurrence of butterflies in space and time. Knowledge of baseline variation is important for assessing possible effects of environmental change, whether natural or anthropogenic.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional data are available on request (see Point of Contact section): presence and absence records for each visit (i.e., rather than aggregated for the year), presence and absence of nonresident butterflies, relative abundance of each species in each canyon segment on each visit (for most years).

At the time these data were archived, there were multiple publications that used these data. These publications are listed in the file: CrossReferences_NV_butterfly_presence.pdf, which is included in this data publication.

Original metadata date was 01/27/2011. Metadata modified on 03/24/2011 to adjust citation to include the addition of a DOI (digital object identifier). Minor changes made to metadata on 03/01/2013 when this data publication became available through the Forest Service Research Data Archive. Additional minor metadata edits were made on 11/14/2013, such as the addition of some keywords. Minor metadata updates on 12/02/2016.

**NOTE: In 2013 a second edition of these data became available (Fleishman [2013]) which was a more up to date set of data, and contained the full taxonomic information for the data. In April 2015 a third edition of these data became available (Fleishman [2015a]). We recommend use of this third edition, which adds a few more years of data, instances in which a given location was sampled multiple times on a given day (to obtain a detection history), and data on relative abundance of mud puddles and plants that might serve as sources of nectar.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 199505
Ending_Date: 200308
Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Status:
Progress: In work
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
Nevada: Shoshone Mountains, Toiyabe Range, Toquima Range
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -117.575132871775
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -116.727651723747
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.4429268147128
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.6448263136483
Bounding_Altitudes:
Altitude_Minimum: 1872
Altitude_Maximum: 3272
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: lepidoptera
Theme_Keyword: skippers
Theme_Keyword: resident butterflies
Theme_Keyword: montane butterflies
Theme_Keyword: transects
Theme_Keyword: Papilionidae
Theme_Keyword: Pieridae
Theme_Keyword: Nymphalidae
Theme_Keyword: Lycaenidae
Theme_Keyword: Hesperiidae
Theme_Keyword: monitoring
Theme_Keyword: time series
Theme_Keyword: riparian
Theme_Keyword: pinyon
Theme_Keyword: juniper
Theme_Keyword: sagebrush
Theme_Keyword: JFSP
Theme_Keyword: Joint Fire Science Program
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: biota
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
Theme_Keyword: Wildlife (or Fauna)
Theme_Keyword: Invertebrates
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Nevada
Place_Keyword: Great Basin
Place_Keyword: Shoshone Mountains
Place_Keyword: Toiyabe Range
Place_Keyword: Toquima Range
Place_Keyword: Lander County
Place_Keyword: Nye County
Taxonomy:
Keywords/Taxon:
Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus:
None
Taxonomic_Keywords: multiple species
Taxonomic_Keywords: invertebrates
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

Fleishman, Erica. 2011. Presence and absence of butterflies in the Shoshone Mountains and Toiyabe and Toquima ranges, Nevada. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2011-0003
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Erica Fleishman
Contact_Organization: University of California, Davis
Contact_Position: Researcher
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: John Muir Institute of the Environment
Address: The Barn
Address: One Shields Avenue
Address: University of California
City: Davis
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95616
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 530-754-9167
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: efleishman@ucdavis.edu
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: erica.fleishman@gmail.com
Data_Set_Credit:
Erica Fleishman and David S. Dobkin

Funds for data collection and archival primarily were provided by the Joint Fire Science Program via cooperative agreements with the Rocky Mountain Research Station.
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Excel 2008 for Mac version 12.2.3, Mac OS 10.4.11
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Fleishman, Erica
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:
Presence and absence of butterflies in the Shoshone Mountains and Toiyabe and Toquima ranges, Nevada
Edition: 3rd
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
Other_Citation_Details:
10.2737/RDS-2011-0003.3
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2011-0003.3
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Fleishman, Erica
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:
Presence and absence of butterflies in the Shoshone Mountains and Toiyabe and Toquima ranges, Nevada
Edition: 2nd
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station
Other_Citation_Details:
10.2737/RDS-2011-0003.2
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2011-0003.2
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Fleishman, Erica
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:
Detections of breeding birds in the Shoshone, Toiyabe, Toquima, and Monitor ranges, Nevada
Edition: 3rd
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
Other_Citation_Details:
10.2737/RDS-2011-0002.2
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2011-0002.3
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Presences are true. Absences should be >90% true. Coordinates should be accurate within approximately 5 meters horizontal.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Virtually all data were collected by the same observer, who also entered the data. Data have been included in multiple peer-reviewed publications and to the best of the data holder's knowledge, inconsistencies have been eradicated.
Completeness_Report:
In rare cases a visit to a given canyon or canyon segment was missed (e.g., 5 rather than 6 visits during the season). Generally, it was because weather conditions did not meet the criteria for sampling.

In a few cases we estimated location of a sampling point from topographic maps because we could not obtain a GPS reading. With the improvement of technology this was not as much a concern in the later years.

Different canyons were visited in different years depending on the current emphasis of research.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodolgy_Identifier:
Methodolgy_Keyword_Thesaurus:
None
Methodology_Keyword: transect counts
Methodology_Description:
The following description applies in the vast majority of cases. Each canyon was divided into 100-meter vertical segments (contiguous elevational bands) from its mouth to its crest. Elevation was measured with a pocket altimeter and verified to within 5 meter accuracy by differentially corrected Global Positioning Systems (GPS). The GPS positions were then overlaid on a 30 meter Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the central Great Basin maintained on a Geographic Information System (GIS). Elevations were calculated from the DEM. Butterflies in each canyon were inventoried approximately every two weeks throughout the majority of the flight season (late May through early to mid September, depending on year and associated weather patterns). During every canyon visit, an experienced observer walked the length of each canyon segment at a constant pace, and recorded the presence of all butterfly species seen in the segment. In the frequently narrow, steep-walled canyons, sampled area was defined as 50 meters on either side of the inventory route (generally a hiking trail, recreational access road, or historic mining road). All segments in a given canyon were visited on the same day. Visits were conducted on warm, sunny to partly cloudy days with little to moderate wind. Visits were concentrated from 9:00 A.M. to 3:00 P.M. (sometimes 8:30 A.M. to 3:30 P.M. during midsummer).

The above methods noted the description was for a vast majority of the cases. In a few cases a visit to a given canyon or canyon segment was missed, generally because weather conditions did not meet the criteria for sampling. In a few cases we estimated location of a sampling point from topographic maps because we could not obtain a GPS reading.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: United States Geological Service, Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center
Publication_Date: 2010
Title:
30-meter Digital Elevation Models (DEMs)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Online_Linkage: https://eros.usgs.gov/#/Guides/dem
Type_of_Source_Media: online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: Unknown
Ending_Date: Unknown
Source_Currentness_Reference:
observed
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
USGS EROS
Source_Contribution:
The GPS positions were overlaid on a 30 meter Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the central Great Basin.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
No process steps have been described for this data set
Process_Date: Unknown
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
NV_butterfly_data.csv is a comma-delimited ASCII text file containing butterfly presence data. This data set contains the following variables:

Column A (YEAR) = year of the detection.
Column B (MOUNTAIN RANGE) = mountain range in which data were collected.
Column C (CANYON) = canyon in which data were collected. Canyon names are consistent with those displayed on current USDA Forest Service maps.
Column D (CANYON SEGMENT) = segment of the canyon in which the data were collected. Segments were numbered from base to crest, so within each canyon, smaller numbers correspond to lower elevations. Letters generally correspond to a branch of the same canyon (e.g., the south and north branches of Corcoran Canyon in the Toquima Range).
Column E (EFCODE) = location reference used by the data holder.
Columns F and G (CENTROID UTMx/y) = coordinates of the approximate center of the canyon segment.
Columns H and I (BOTTOM UTMx/y) = coordinates of the starting point (i.e., lower boundary) of the canyon segment.
Columns J and K (TOP UTMx/y) = coordinates of the ending point (i.e., upper boundary) of the canyon segment.
Column L (ELEVATION OF MIDPOINT) = elevation of the midpoint of the canyon segment (meters).
Columns M through BY (spec names) = species of resident butterflies (i.e., believed to complete entire life cycle in the mountains of the central Great Basin): 1=presence, 0=absence of species.

Taxonomic reference: Fleishman, E., G.T. Austin, and D.D. Murphy. 1997. Natural history and biogeography of the butterflies of the Toiyabe Range, Nevada (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea). Holarctic Lepidoptera 4:1-18. 1s and 0s represent presence and absence, respectively, of a given species in a given canyon segment in a given year. Presences and absences were based on repeated visits by experienced observers throughout the flight season.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
None provided
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development
Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Information
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of December 2016. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Resource_Description: RDS-2011-0003
Distribution_Liability:
This metadata document has been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. The data are considered to satisfy the Rocky Mountain Research Station's quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, the Forest Service cannot assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the Forest Service for a user's application of these data or related materials.

The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ASCII
Format_Version_Number: See Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Comma-delimited ASCII text file
File_Decompression_Technique: Files are zipped with WinZip 14.0.
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2011-0003
Fees: none
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20161202
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Erica Fleishman
Contact_Organization: University of California, Davis
Contact_Position: Researcher
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: John Muir Institute of the Environment
Address: The Barn
Address: One Shields Avenue
City: Davis
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95616
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 530-754-9167
Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for National Biological Information Infrastructure Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
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