Fuels and stand structure data for the Summit post-fire logging study: pre-logging, one year post-logging, and 13 years post-logging

Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: McIver, James D.
Originator: Ottmar, Roger D.
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:
Fuels and stand structure data for the Summit post-fire logging study: pre-logging, one year post-logging, and 13 years post-logging
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2015-0034
Description:
Abstract:
The Summit Post-fire Logging Study was conducted on the Malheur National Forest in Oregon from 1997 through 2011. The study was intended to examine the effects of logging after a severe wildfire burned through a set of 12 stands just north of the Middle Fork of the John Day River, Malheur County. The 16,000 hectare (ha) Summit Fire was caused by a lightning storm on August 13, 1996, on the North Fork John Day Ranger District (Umatilla National Forest), burned south onto the Long Creek Ranger District of the Malheur National Forest, and was declared officially controlled on September 16, 1996. Within the Malheur Forest portion of the Summit Fire, an area of 8,103 ha (72%) was judged to have burned at high severity (>80% large trees killed), including much of the area in the lower elevation ponderosa pine forests, which typically experience lower severity fires.

The short-term effects of post-fire logging were evaluated by conducting a controlled, replicated experiment between 1997 and 1999. Logging occurred in the summers of 1998 and 1999, and consisted of the application of three treatments (un-logged control, commercial, and fuel reduction), applied to 12 experimental units (stands) in four replicate blocks. Data were taken from within about 258 measurement plots in the 12 units (stands) in 1997 (post-fire, pre-logging) and again in 1999 (post-fire, post-logging). The longer-term effects of post-fire logging on fuels and stand structure were evaluated by re-measuring fuel and stand structure variables in 2011, 15 years after the Summit Fire, and 13 years after post-fire logging. The Summit Post-fire Logging Study database consists of data on fuels and stand structure, taken in 1997, 1999, and 2011.

It is important to note that no management activities had occurred within the Summit study area between the initial logging work (1998, 1999), and the intermediate-term measurement year (2011). However, on August 8, 2008, 10 years after post-fire logging at Summit, a small, moderate, surface wildfire (the Sunshine Fire) occurred in the eastern portion of the study area, and burned through most of the easternmost Block 4. This small wildfire was effectively controlled within two days after ignition, by fire personnel of the Malheur National Forest (Roy Walker, Malheur National Forest, pers. comm.) Although this wildfire removed one entire replicate block from the original experiment, it provided us with an opportunity for a controlled test of the logging treatments with an actual moderate severity wildfire. This published dataset therefore, consists of plot-level data on fuels and stand structure taken in 1997, 1999, and 2011, to study both short and longer-term post-fire logging effects as well as the effects of the subsequent reburn that occurred 10 years after post-fire logging. It is also important to note pre-treatment data for block 3 was taken in 1998 rather than 1997 because of a necessary reassignment of treatments prescribed by NEPA. Finally we note that the longer-term plot level data for unit 3F (block 3, management unit 419, fuel reduction treatment) was taken in 2014 due to our failure to find the plots in that unit by 2011.
Purpose:
The purpose of the Summit Post-fire Logging Study was to provide key information on how logging after wildfire might influence fuels and stand structure, in the short- and longer-term. After stand replacement fires in the western United States, standard policy has been to salvage fire-killed trees as quickly as possible to recoup their economic value before decay. Considerable public debate has focused on the merits of post-fire logging on federal lands, as evidenced from extensive public comment received on both the east-side and interior Columbia River basin environment impact statements in the late 1990's, as well as considerable additional debate since that time. Proponents of post-fire logging argue that the practice is one of a suite of restoration methods, designed to mitigate the adverse environmental effects of the wildfire itself, that removal of large woody structure reduces the risk of a severe reburn, and that the sale of burned timber can be used to offset the cost of post-fire restoration. Opponents argue that post-fire logging causes increases in erosion and sediment transport to streams as a result of the harvest operations themselves or removes structure that has important ecological functions.

Unfortunately, the debate has taken place in the context of relatively little scientific information on the ecological effects of post-fire logging. Importantly, very few studies have documented that post-fire logging reduces the risk of a severe reburn, despite the conventional wisdom that removal of dead large woody structure would be expected to reduce ground fuels at some point in the future. In light of the dearth of good information available therefore, the Summit Study has provided much needed information on the environmental effects of post-fire logging, for stand structure and fuels immediately after postfire logging, and more than a decade after logging.
Supplemental_Information:
Original metadata date was 09/02/2015. Minor metadata updates on 07/01/2016.

Minor metadata updates on 12/15/2016.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Multiple_Dates/Times:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1997
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 1999
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2011
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2014
Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
The study area is in Township 10 S, Range 33 E, in Malheur county in the state of Oregon, USA. The experimental units, on the Malheur National Forest, are spread across Elk Creek drainage, West Coyote Creek drainage, East Coyote Creek drainage, and the Wray Creek drainage. All four creeks drain into the middle fork of the John Day River. A map depicting the arrangement of experimental units is included in the full data publication download.
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -118.767778241211
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -118.690730246153
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 44.7192197714609
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 44.6775189202762
Bounding_Altitudes:
Altitude_Minimum: 1250
Altitude_Maximum: 1402
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Catogorey
Theme_Keyword: biota
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
Theme_Keyword: Fire
Theme_Keyword: Fire effects on environment
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: salvage logging
Theme_Keyword: post-fire logging
Theme_Keyword: stand replacement fire
Theme_Keyword: restoration
Theme_Keyword: reburn hypothesis
Theme_Keyword: repeat fires
Theme_Keyword: cavity nesting birds
Theme_Keyword: snag retention
Theme_Keyword: coarse woody debris
Theme_Keyword: fuel reduction
Theme_Keyword: seasonally dry forest
Theme_Keyword: fire return interval
Theme_Keyword: uncharacteristically severe fire
Theme_Keyword: economic benefit from forests
Theme_Keyword: Joint Fire Science Program
Theme_Keyword: JFSP
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Interior western United States
Place_Keyword: Oregon
Place_Keyword: Eastern Oregon
Place_Keyword: Blue Mountains
Place_Keyword: Middle Fork John Day River
Place_Keyword: Malheur National Forest
Place_Keyword: Tower fire
Place_Keyword: Summit fire
Place_Keyword: Prairie City
Place_Keyword: John Day
Place_Keyword: Long Creek Ranger District
Stratum:
Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Stratum_Keyword: troposphere
Stratum_Keyword: seasonally dry forests
Stratum_Keyword: dry conifer forests
Stratum_Keyword: mixed conifer forests
Taxonomy:
Keywords/Taxon:
Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus:
None
Taxonomic_Keywords: vegetation
Taxonomic_Keywords: multiple species
Taxonomic_System:
Classification_System/Authority:
Classification_System_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: ITIS
Publication_Date: 2014
Title:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
Other_Citation_Details:
Retrieved [March, 19, 2014]
Online_Linkage: https://www.itis.gov
Taxonomic_Procedures:
Taxonomic_Completeness:
Taxonomy list is complete and up to date on current scientific names (October 30, 2014).
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Plantae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Division
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tracheophyta
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinopsida
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinaceae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Abies
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Abies grandis
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Larix
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Larix occidentalis
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinus
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinus ponderosa
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pseudotsuga
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pseudotsuga menziesii
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Cupressales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Cupressaceae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Juniperus
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Juniperus occidentalis
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

McIver, James D.; Ottmar, Roger D. 2015. Fuels and stand structure data for the Summit post-fire logging study: pre-logging, one year post-logging, and 13 years post-logging. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2015-0034
Data_Set_Credit:
Funding for this project provided by Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP # FA-RFA-11-1, https://www.firescience.gov) and the Blue Mountains Natural Resources Institute - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Special thanks to the Malheur National Forest for their cooperation and assistance.
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Data were originally Microsoft Excel 2010 and Microsoft Access 2010 files. Data were exported to comma-delimited ASCII text files.
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: McIver, James D.
Publication_Date: 2003
Title:
Sediment transport and soil disturbance after postfire logging
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Hydrological Science and Technology
Issue_Identification: 19(1-4): 335-348
Online_Linkage: https://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/24651
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: McIver, James D.
Originator: McNeil, R.
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
Soil disturbance and hill-slope sediment transport after logging of a severely burned site in northeastern Oregon
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Western Journal of Applied Forestry
Issue_Identification: 21(3): 123-133
Online_Linkage: https://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/27225
Online_Linkage: https://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/32270
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: McIver, James D.
Originator: Ottmar, Roger D.
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
Fuel mass and stand structure after post-fire logging of a severely burned ponderosa pine forest in northeastern Oregon
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Forest Ecology and Management
Issue_Identification: 238(1-3): 268-279
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.10.021
Online_Linkage: https://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/29730
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
All variables in this study were measured with protocols that have been thoroughly vetted in the scientific literature and thus are commonly accepted as appropriate by the scientific community. The protocols are described in the Methods and Materials section of McIver and Ottmar (2006). A more detailed description of protocols used to measure each variable is provided in the entity and attributes section where each variable is described.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
All data were collected in the field between May and August of each of the years 1997, 1998 (pre-logging treatment), 1999 (one year post-logging), and 2011 (13 years post-logging; note that unit 3F was measured in 2014). Field crews were led by experienced Forest Service personnel who were responsible for teaching all protocols and for interpreting field data sheets, using measurement tools, etc. While crew leaders for each of the three years were different, the protocols are fairly standard and well known, and in each case the field crew leaders were trained to follow the protocols. Field data were collected on standardized printed forms and entered into spreadsheets where they were proofed. Proofing consisted of checking entered data versus the printed copies. Once spreadsheets were proofed, they were uploaded into a relational database. Validation of the database was performed by graphing all variables using box and whisker plots that included outlier points. Any questions, concerns, or comments that the validator had were brought back to the database manager for review. In some cases corrections could be made in the database without resort to a reexamination of the printed filed sheets. In some cases, printed field sheets were necessary to resolve issues. And in the most extreme cases, field trips were necessary to better interpret the field sheets, by checking data in the field sheets with observations taken on the ground.
Completeness_Report:
The Summit Post-fire Logging Study was designed as a complete randomized block with four replicates and three treatments per block. As field studies go, the implementation of the treatments in this design were carried out consistently and accurately. The treatments were implemented on time and tended to follow the prescriptions carefully. However, two major factors need to be considered when analyzing the full 12 unit data set when analyzing as a whole: 1) While the Summit fire was severe enough to kill nearly 90% of the trees across the study area, nonetheless there were three experimental units in which there was significant survival of large green trees after the 1996 Summit fire: units 1U (Unit 324), 1F (Unit 323), and 3U (Unit 420). Thus many plots within these three units represent intact functioning forest which is fundamentally different than the burned forested landscape around them; and 2) In the summer of 2008, 12 years after the initial Summit fire and 10 years after logging occurred, a small moderate surface fire burned through most of block 4 of the study including experimental units 4U (Unit 520), 4C (Unit 522), and 4F (Unit 52). Most of the plots in these three units also have a fundamentally different forest structure in that they are now mostly grassland.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
All 12 unit reference points and all 258 plot centers are described by UTM's established with a Trimblexxx GPS instrument with a horizontal positional accuracy of between 10-25 centimeters. All UTM's are available in this data publication, including the 258 representing the plots for which data is reported in this product, as well as several UTM’s for other plots that were originally considered for the study but were not measured for various reasons.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:
Specific information on methodologies and protocols are published in two technical papers (McIver and McNeil 2006, McIver and Ottmar 2006).

Experimental Design:
This study was designed as a complete randomized block with four replicates and three treatments per block. The three treatments applied were un-logged control, commercial, and fuel reduction.

The 12 experimental units (stands) are distributed in four statistical blocks across a landscape comprising the southwest corner of the 1996 Summit burn area, just northwest of the middle fork or the John Day river. The four blocks are arranged in a northwest to southeast direction, spanning a distance of about nine kilometers. Each block, consisting of three experimental units representing the three treatments, is positioned within a unique perennial creek drainage: Block 1 is in the Elk Creek drainage; Block 2 is in the West Coyote Creek drainage; Block 3 is in the East Coyote Creek drainage; Block 4 is in the Wray Creek drainage.

Methods and Materials:
All variables were measured pre- and post-logging from the same permanently established grid points. A total of 258 grid points were laid out in the 12 experimental units in August 1997, between 14 and 47 points per unit. Grid points were positioned 50 meters (m) apart, and at least 50 m from unit boundaries. Pre-treatment data were taken in the nine units of the Elk Ck, W. Coyote, and Wray Ck blocks between August and October 1997 (Blocks 1, 2, and 4); the three units of the E. Coyote block (Block 3) were sampled in September 1998. Post-treatment data were taken from July to September 1999, immediately following the termination of logging (post-treatment year 1), and from June to early August 2011 (post-treatment year 13; but note that longer-term data were taken in unit 3F in May 2014).

The same protocol was used on all sampling occasions. Trees (diameter at breast height [DBH] > 10 centimeters [cm]) were tallied from within a 200 meters² (m²) circular plot centered on each grid point. We recorded species, status (dead or alive), diameter at breast height, total height, and ladder fuel height (height to the lowest stem) for each tree. Basal area (m²/hectare) was calculated from tree diameter data. Saplings (young trees > 1.37 m height, but < 10 centimeters [cm] DBH) and seedlings (< 1.37 m height) were tallied in the 200 m² circular plot, and classified by species and status. Percent cover of shrubs, grasses and forbs was estimated visually for the entire 200 m² plot area.

Dead and down woody fuel was measured using the planar intercept method (Brown 1974). Three 30.5 m transects were originated from each grid point, the first selected randomly, and the other established at 120° and 240° from the first. Dead and down woody fuel less than 2.5 cm diameter (1- and 10-hour fuel) was tallied for the first 1.9 m of each transect. Fuel between 2.5 and 7.6 cm (100-hour fuel) was tallied along the full 30.5 m. Fuel > 7.6 cm diameter (1,000-hour fuel) was tallied along the full transect and recorded as to species, decay class, and diameter at intersection point. Woody fuel masses were calculated from transect data using standard equations (Brown 1974). Litter and duff (forest floor) was measured to the nearest 0.25 cm depth at the 12, 18, and 24 m points on the transect. Depths were converted to mass using standard bulk density values (2.9 tons/hectare/cm for litter, and 11.8 tons/hectare/cm for duff; Ottmar et al. 1993).

Analysis of pre-treatment and post-treatment year 1 data have already been published (McIver and Ottmar 2006), and results of these analyses (1997 and 1999 measurements) will be compared to similar analyses of post-treatment year 13 data (2011 measurements) in a subsequent paper.
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: McIver, James D.
Originator: McNeil, R.
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
Soil disturbance and hill-slope sediment transport after logging of a severely burned site in Northeastern Oregon
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Western Journal of Applied Forestry
Issue_Identification: 21(3): 123-133
Online_Linkage: https://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/27225
Online_Linkage: https://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/32270
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: McIver, James D.
Originator: Ottmar, Roger D.
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
Fuel mass and stand structure after post-fire logging of a severely burned ponderosa pine forest in northeastern Oregon
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Forest Ecology and Management
Issue_Identification: 238(1-3):268-279
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.10.021
Online_Linkage: https://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/29730
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Brown, James K.
Publication_Date: 1974
Title:
Handbook for inventorying downed woody material
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Gen. Tech. Rep.
Issue_Identification: INT-16
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Ogden, UT
Publisher: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station
Other_Citation_Details:
24 p.
Online_Linkage: https://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/28647
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Ottmar, Roger D.
Originator: Burns, Mary F.
Originator: Hall, Janet N.
Originator: Hanson, Aaron D.
Publication_Date: 1993
Title:
CONSUME: users guide
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Gen. Tech. Rep.
Issue_Identification: PNW-GTR-304
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Portland, OR
Publisher: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station
Online_Linkage: https://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/9049
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Pyle, Charlotte
Originator: Brown, Michelle M.
Publication_Date: 1998
Title:
A rapid system of decay classification for hardwood logs of the Eastern deciduous forest floor
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society
Issue_Identification: 125(3): 237-245
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2307/2997221
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Data were collected in both English and Metric units as per traditional field measurement protocols, therefore the raw data published herein are provided in a combination of Metric and English units, reflecting the way in which the data were collected in the field. The key product we offer here however, is the comma-delimited ASCII text file that represents the most important set of key variables derived from the raw data: this data set Derived Variables is expressed only in metric.


FUELS INVENTORY
Tally of woody surface fuel with diameter 0 to 0.634 centimeters (cm) (less than 0.25 inches), taken over the last 3 feet of each 100-foot transect. In 1997, 1998 and 1999 1-hour (hr) fuels were tallied with the 10-hr fuel, so a blank cell is data not taken and a "0" is no 1-hr fuel in the transect.

Tally of woody surface fuel with diameter 0.635 to 2.53 cm (0.25-less than 1 inch), was taken over the last 10 feet of each 100-foot transect. For the years 1997, 1998, and 1999 these are displayed multiplied by 1.53846 since the tally was taken on a 6.5 foot length instead of 10 foot as in 2011 and 2014.These equations were used to calculate 1, 10, 100 and 1,000 hour fuel weights in megagrams (Mg)/hectare(ha) as described in Brown 1974.
Mass 1-hr fuels (Mg/ha)= (((11.64)*([SumOf1-hour tally])*(0.0151)*(0.48)*(1.13)*(1))/9)*2.242
Mass 10-hr fuels (Mg/ha)= (((11.64)*([SumOf10-hour tally])*(0.289)*(0.48)*(1.13)*(1))/30)*2.242
Mass 100-hr fuels (Mg/ha)= (((11.64)*([SumOf100-hour tally])*(2.76)*(0.4)*(1.13)*(1))/300)*2.242
Mass 1000-hr sound fuels S(Mg/ha)= (((11.64)*([Sum of Diameter squared].[sound])*(0.4)*(1)*(1))/300)*2.242
Mass 1000-hr sound fuels R(Mg/ha)= (((11.64)*([ Sum of Diameter squared].[rotten])*(0.3)*(1)*(1))/300)*2.242


LITTER, DUFF, FUEL DEPTH
Duff, litter and forest floor mass were calculated using these equations (mg=milligrams, ha=hectares):
Duff Mass_mg/ha = [DuffAverage_cm]*11.8
LitterMass_mg/ha = [Litter_Average_cm]*2.9
Forest Floor Mass = Duff mass + Litter Mass


TREE, SEEDLING, SAPLING: DENSITY, BASAL AREA AND HEIGHT

Height was taken in feet and converted to meters, multiplying height in feet by 0.3048.

In 1997, 1998, and 1999 the field crews measured the seedlings in a 3.3 foot radius plot, and in 2011 and 2014 the seedlings were counted in the entire 26.2 foot radius plot. Because of this difference the seedling count for 1997, 1998, and 1999 are multiplied by 63.66 to convert the area of the 3.3-foot radius plot to a 26.2-foot radius plot.

In 1997, 1998, and 1999 the field crews measured the saplings in a 6.6 foot radius plot, and in 2011 and 2014 the saplings were counted in a 26.2 foot radius plot. Because of this difference the sapling count for 1997, 1998, and 1999 are displayed here multiplied by 16 to compare the area of the 6.6-foot radius plot to a 26.2-foot radius plot.

The density per hectare (10000 m²) of seedlings, saplings and trees is calculated by the total number of stems counted in the 26.2 foot radius plot (200 m²), and then multiplied by 50.

Basal area calculations: Diameter at breast height was recorded in inches and multiplied by 0.0254 to convert to meters.
Basal Area (Meters squared per Hectare): Sum((3.1416*(([Diameter at breast height in meters divided by 2)^2))*50)
Process_Date: 20150531
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Data\Fuels\1_ 10_ 100-hr Fuels.csv
Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing data collected for 1, 10, and 100-hour woody fuel, tallies counted on three transects per plot. Variables include:

Sample ID = Unique identifier of the management unit, plot number and year sample was taken, in that order.

Transect = Number of the transect on which measurements were taken (total of three transects per plot).

1-hour = Tally of woody surface fuel with diameter 0 to 0.634 centimeters (cm) (less than 0.25 inches), taken over the last 3 feet of each 100-foot transect. In 1997, 1998 and 1999 1-hour fuels were tallied with the 10-hr fuel, a blank cell is data not taken and a "0" is no 1-hr fuel in the transect.

10-hr (field tallies) = Tally of woody surface fuel with diameter 0.635 to 2.53 cm (0.25-less than 1 inch), taken over the last 6.5 feet of each 100-foot transect in 1997, 1998, and 1999, in 2011 and 2014 the tally is taken over the last 10 feet of each 100-foot transect. Tallies taken in 1997, 1998, and 1999 include 1 and 10-hour fuels. A zero represents no fuel in the transect.

10-hour = Tally of woody surface fuel with diameter 0.635 to 2.53 cm (0.25-less than 1 inch), taken over the last 10 feet of each 100-foot transect. For the years 1997, 1998, and 1999 these are displayed multiplied by 1.53846 since the tally was taken on a 6.5 foot length instead of 10 foot like in 2011 and 2014. A zero represents no fuel in the transect.

100-hour = Tally of surface woody fuel with diameter 2.54 to 7.61 cm (1-less than 3 inches), taken over each entire 100-foot transect. A zero represents no fuel in the transect.

Unit = Number of each experimental unit used by the Malheur National Forest and used by field crews who collected data in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2011, and 2014

Plot = A unique number referring to each plot.

SampleYear = Year in which the sample was taken in the field.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
none provided
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Data\Fuels\1000-hr_Fuels.csv
Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing data collected for 1,000-hour woody fuel, tallies counted on three transects per plot. Variables include:

Sample ID = Unique identifier of the management unit, plot number and year sample was taken, in that order.

Transect = Number of the transect on which measurements were taken (total of three transects per plot).

Species Code = Four letter acronym designated by the USDA plant database (plants.usda.gov) (ABGR=Abies grandis, , JUOC=Juniperus occidentalis, LAOC=Larix occidentalis, PIPO=Pinus ponderosa, PSME=Pseudotsuga menziesii, UNKN=unknown species, and 0=no 1,000-hr fuel in transect).

Decay Class = Decay class where 0= No 1,000-hr fuel, 1=Sound, freshly fallen, intact logs (Intact, no rot; conks of stem decay absent) 2=Sound (Mostly intact; sapwood partly soft but cannot be pulled apart by hand) 3=Heartwood sound; piece supports its own weight (Hard, large pieces; sapwood can be pulled apart by hand or sapwood absent) 4=Heartwood rotten; piece does not support its own weight, but maintains its shape (Soft, small blocky pieces; a metal pin can be pushed into heartwood) 5=Piece no longer maintains its shape, it spreads out on ground (Soft; powdery when dry). See Russell et al. (2013) for more details.

DBH (in) = Diameter at breast height 1.37 meters (4.5 feet), measured in inches. 0= No 1,000-hr fuel.

DBH (cm) = Diameter at breast height 1.37 meters (4.5 feet), measured in centimeters. 0= No 1,000-hr fuel.

Degree of decay = Sound (decay class 1-3) or Rotten (decay class 4 and 5) used to categorize fuels for calculating masses using Brown's (1998) method. 0= No 1,000-hr fuel.

Unit = Number of each experimental unit used by the Malheur National Forest and used by field crews who collected data in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2011, and 2014

Plot = A unique number referring to each plot.

SampleYear = Year in which the sample was taken in the field.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Russell, M.B.; C.W. Woodall; S. Fraver; and A.W. D'Amato. 2013. Estimates of downed woody debris decay class transitions for forests across the eastern United States. Ecological Modelling 251: 22-31.

Pyle, Charlotte; Brown, Michelle M. 1998. A rapid system of decay classification for hardwood logs of the Eastern deciduous forest floor. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 125(3): 237-245. https://doi.org/10.2307/2997221
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Data\Fuels\Litter_ Duff_ Fuel Depth.csv
Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing data collected for depth of duff, litter and fuel at four points on three transects per plot. Variables include:

Sample ID = Unique identifier of the management unit plus plot number.

Transect = Number of the transect on which measurements were taken (total of three transects per plot) (number).

Litter 40 (mm) = The depth of the litter soil layer measured at the 12.2-meter (40-foot) point on a given transect (millimeters). A zero is actual field measurement.

Litter 60 (mm) = The depth of the litter soil layer measured at the 18.3 -meter (60-foot) point on a given transect (millimeters). A zero is actual field measurement.

Litter 80 (mm) = The depth of the litter soil layer measured at the 24.4-meter (80-foot) point on a given transect (millimeters). A zero is actual field measurement.

Litter 100 (mm) = The depth of the litter soil layer measured at the 30.5-meter (100-foot) point on a given transect (millimeters). A zero is actual field measurement.

Duff 40 (mm) = The depth of the duff soil layer measured at the 12.2-meter (40-foot) point on a given transect (millimeters). A zero is actual field measurement.

Duff 60 (mm) = The depth of the duff soil layer measured at the 18.3 -meter (60-foot) point on a given transect (millimeters). A zero is actual field measurement.

Duff 80 (mm) = The depth of the duff soil layer measured at the 24.4-meter (80-foot) point on a given transect (millimeters). A zero is actual field measurement.

Duff 100 (mm) = The depth of the duff soil layer measured at the 30.5-meter (100-foot) point on a given transect (millimeters). A zero is actual field measurement.

Fuel Depth 40 (in) = The depth of ground fuels at the 12.2-meter (40-foot) point on a given transect (inches). A zero is actual field measurement.

Fuel Depth 60 (in) = The depth of ground fuels at the 18.3 -meter (60-foot) point on a given transect (inches). A zero is actual field measurement.

Fuel Depth 80 (in) = The depth of ground fuels at the 24.4-meter (80-foot) point on a given transect (inches). A zero is actual field measurement.

Fuel Depth 100 (in) = The depth of ground fuels at the 30.5-meter (100-foot) point on a given transect (inches). A zero is actual field measurement.

Unit = Number of each experimental unit used by the Malheur National Forest and used by field crews who collected data in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2011, and 2014

Plot = A unique number referring to each plot.

SampleYear = Year in which the sample was taken in the field.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
none provided
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Data\PlotLevel\Derived_Variables_Metric.csv
Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing the most important set of key variables derived from the raw data, in Metric units. Variables include:

Sample ID = Unique identifier of the management unit, plot number and year sample was taken, in that order.

SampleYear = Year in which the sample was taken in the field.

Unit = Number of each experimental unit used by the Malheur National Forest and used by field crews who collected data in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2011, and 2014.

Publication Unit = The name of each experimental unit used for research purposes, including publication: 1C = MYRT 327; 1F = MYRT 323; 1U = DEEP 324; 2C = MYRT 424; 2F = MYRT 421; 2U= MYRT 422; 3C = MYRT 418; 3F = MYRT 419; 3U = COYOTE 420; 4C = MYRT 522; 4F = MYRT 52; 4U = BEAVE 520.

Block = The statistical group to which each experimental unit belongs; each block corresponds to a distinct perennial drainage: 1 = Elk Cr; 2 = W Coyote; 3 = E Coyote; 4 = Wray Cr.

Plot = A unique number referring to each plot.

Treatment = Logging treatment applied in 1998 and 1999: Control = Unlogged; Commercial = Single entry to extract commercial timber; Fuel Red = First entry to extract commercial timber, second entry to reduce fuel.

Treatment Code = Unlogged = 0; Commercial = 1; Fuel Reduction = 2.

Treatment Date = Range of dates in which the management unit was logged (mm/dd/yyyy - mm/dd/yyyy where mm=month, dd=day, yyyy=year).

Temporal Analysis Code = Number describing the status of the sample in relation to the year logging was completed. 0= Sample taken before logging occurred on any units, 1=Sample taken 1-3 years after logging, 2= sample taken 13-16 years after logging. We used this code for analysis, with the idea that the study was roughly composed of three measurement times: pre-treatment, short-term post-treatment, and longer-term post-treatment.

Years Since Treatment = Difference in years from the year the plot was sampled and the year it was treated.

Years Since Summit = Difference in years from the year the plot was sampled and 1996, the year of the Summit wildfire.

Summit Fire = Indicates whether or not a plot was burned in the 1996 Summit Wildfire (Malheur National Forest) 0=not burned; 1=burned

Sunshine Map = Code indicating whether a plot was located within the perimeter of the Forest Service map describing the extent of the 2008 Sunshine fire; 1 = plot within perimeter, 0 = plot outside perimeter.

Sunshine Bole Char = Code indicating that there was bole char evidence of the 2008 Sunshine fire within the plot measurement area; 1 = bole char evidence, 0 = no bole char evidence, 2 = Uncertain.

2011 Re-establishment = Plots were remeasured and re-established if necessary in 2011. 1 = original plot center stake in place; 2 = original stake found, but not in place; 3 = original stake missing, plot re-established using triangulation of adjacent plots; 0 = sample years 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2014.

Total BA/ha LIVE = Plot level total of all live basal area for trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 centimeters [cm] or greater) (meters²/hectare).

LiveBAha_PIPO = Plot level total of live basal area for Pinus ponderosa trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater) (meters²/hectare).

LiveBAha_PSME = Plot level total of live basal area for Pseudotsuga menziesii trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater) (meters²/hectare).

LiveBAha_ABGR = Plot level total of live basal area for Abies grandis trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater) (meters²/hectare).

LiveBAha_LAOC = Plot level total of live basal area for Larix occidentalis trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater) (meters²/hectare).

Trees/ha Total Live = The density of all live trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

LiveTreeHA_PIPO = The density of live Pinus ponderosa trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

LiveTreeHA_PSME = The density of live Pseudotsuga menziesii trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

LiveTreeHA_ABGR = The density of live Abies grandis trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

LiveTreeHA_LAOC = The density of live Larix occidentalis trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

Total BA/ha DEAD = Plot level total of all dead basal area for trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater) (meters²/hectare).

DeadBAha_PIPO = Plot level total of dead basal area for Pinus ponderosa trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater) (meters²/hectare).

DeadBAha_PSME = Plot level total of dead basal area for Pseudotsuga menziesii trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater) (meters²/hectare).

DeadBAha_ABGR = Plot level total of dead basal area for Abies grandis trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater) (meters²/hectare).

DeadBAha_LAOC = Plot level total of dead basal area for Larix occidentalis trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater) (meters²/hectare).

Trees/ha Total Dead = The density of all dead trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

DeadTreeHA_PIPO = The density of dead Pinus ponderosa trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

DeadTreeHA_PSME = The density of dead Pseudotsuga menziesii trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

DeadTreeHA_ABGR = The density of dead Abies grandis trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

DeadTreeHA_LAOC = The density of dead Larix occidentalis trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

Total BA/ha = Plot level total of all live and dead basal area for trees (tree defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater) (meters²/hectare).

Total Trees/ha = The density of all live and dead trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 cm or greater (number/hectare).

Total Live Large Sap/ha = The density of all live, large, saplings defined as a tree with a height greater than 1.37 meters and a diameter at breast height of 5.1 to 10.2 cm (number/hectare).

Live Large SapPIPO/ha = The density of live, large, Pinus ponderosa saplings defined as a tree with a height greater than 1.37 meters and a diameter at breast height of 5.1 to 10.2 cm (number/hectare).

Live Large SapPSME/ha = The density of live, large, Pseudotsuga menziesii saplings defined as a tree with a height greater than 1.37 meters and a diameter at breast height of 5.1 to 10.2 cm (number/hectare).

Total Live Small Sap/ha = The density of all live, small, saplings defined as a tree with a height greater than 1.37 meters and a diameter at breast height of under 5.1 cm (number/hectare).

Live Small SapPIPO/ha = The density of live, small, Pinus ponderosa saplings defined as a tree with a height greater than 1.37 meters and a diameter at breast height of under 5.1 cm (number/hectare).

Live Small SapPSME/ha = The density of live, small, Pseudotsuga menziesii saplings defined as a tree with a height greater than 1.37 meters and a diameter at breast height of under 5.1 cm (number/hectare).

Total DeadLargeSap/ha = The density of all dead, large, saplings defined as a tree with a height greater than 1.37 meters and a diameter at breast height of 5.1 to 10.2 cm (number/hectare).

Total DeadSmallSap/ha = The density of all dead, small, saplings defined as a tree with a height greater than 1.37 meters and a diameter at breast height of under 5.1 cm (number/hectare).

Ht(m)LiveSapPIPO = Average height of live Pinus ponderosa saplings (sapling defined as any tree greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter of less than 10.2 cm) (meters).

Ht(m)LiveSapPSME = Average height of live Pseudotsuga menziesii saplings (sapling defined as any tree greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter of less than 10.2 cm) (meters).

Ht(m)DeadSapPIPO = Average height of dead Pinus ponderosa saplings (sapling defined as any tree greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter of less than 10.2 cm) (meters).

Ht(m)DeadSapPSME = Average height of dead Pseudotsuga menziesii saplings (sapling defined as any tree greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter of less than 10.2 cm) (meters).

Total Live Seed/ha = The density of all live seedlings defined as a tree less than 1.37 meters in height (number/hectare).

SeedPIPO_L = The density of live Pinus ponderosa seedlings defined as a tree less than 1.37 meters in height (number/hectare).

SeedPSME_L = The density of live Pseudotsuga menziesii seedlings defined as a tree less than 1.37 meters in height (number/hectare).

Total Dead Seed/ha = The density of all dead seedlings defined as a tree less than 1.37 meters in height (number/hectare).

Total Live Sap and Seed = The density of all live seedlings and saplings (number/hectare).

Total Dead Sap and Seed = The density of all dead seedlings and saplings (number/hectare).

Total Live and Dead Sap and Seed = The density of all live and dead seedlings and saplings (number/hectare).

Shrub % Cover = The percentage of ground area covered by shrub canopies projected on the ground surface measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter radius plot (Percentage).

Shrub Ht (m) = Average height estimate of shrubs measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter radius plot (meters).

Forb % Cover = The percentage of ground area covered by forb canopies projected on the ground surface measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter radius plot (Percentage).

Forb Ht (m) = Average height of forbs measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter radius plot (meters).

Grass % Cover = The percentage of ground area covered by grass canopies projected on the ground surface measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter radius plot (Percentage).

Grass Ht (m) = Average height estimate of grass measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter radius plot (meters).

MajorSp = Predominant functional group of vegetation found in the plot (eg. shrub, grass, or forb).

MajorSpCode = Predominant functional group of vegetation found in the plot expressed as a number: 1=shrub, 2=grass, 3=forb, 4=grass/forb, 5=shrub/forb, 6=shrub/grass/forb

Mass 1-hour Fuel = Mass of surface woody fuel with diameter 0 to 0.634 centimeters (milligrams/hectare).

Mass 10-hour Fuel = Mass of surface woody fuel with diameter 0.635 to 2.53 cm (milligrams/hectare).

Mass 100-hour Fuel = Mass of surface woody fuel with diameter 2.54 to 7.61 cm (milligrams/hectare).

Mass 1000-hour_Sound = Mass of sound (decay class 1-3; Pyle and Brown 1998) surface woody fuel with diameter 7.62 cm and greater (milligrams/hectare).

Mass 1000-hour_Rotten = Mass of rotten (decay class 4-5; Pyle and Brown 1998) surface woody fuel with diameter 7.62 cm and greater (milligrams/hectare).

Total1000-hour_All = Mass of all surface woody fuel with diameter 7.62 cm and greater (milligrams/hectare).

Woody Fuel_>10-hour = Mass of all surface woody fuel that is in the 10-hour class or greater (diameter greater than or equal to 0.635 cm) (milligrams/hectare).

DuffMass_Mg/ha = Mass of duff, calculated using standard bulk density of 11.8 Mg/ha cm (megagrams/hectare).

LitterMass_Mg/ha = Mass of litter, calculated using standard bulk density of 2.9 Mg/ha cm (megagrams/hectare).

ForestFloorMass(Mg/ha) = Mass of litter and duff (megagrams/hectare)

Tree Ht(m)_PIPO_L = Average height of live Pinus ponderosa trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 centimeters or greater (meters).

Tree Ht(m)_PIPO_D = Average height of dead Pinus ponderosa trees, defined as being greater than 1.37 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of 10.2 centimeters or greater (meters).

Tree Ht to LC(m) PIPO_L = Average distance from ground level to the lowest living branches for live Pinus ponderosa trees (meters).

Tree Ht to CB(m) PIPO_L = Average distance from ground level to the lowest branches for live Pinus ponderosa trees (meters).

Tree Ht to CB(m) PIPO_D = Average distance from ground level to the lowest branches for dead Pinus ponderosa trees (meters).

Av Ht to CB all stems (m) = Average distance from ground level to the lowest branches (live or dead) for all trees (meters).

Trees Av Ht to CB Dead (m) = Average distance from ground level to the lowest branches for all dead trees (meters).

Trees Av Ht to CB Live (m) = Average distance from ground level to the lowest branches for all live trees (meters).
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Pyle, Charlotte; Brown, Michelle M. 1998. A rapid system of decay classification for hardwood logs of the Eastern deciduous forest floor. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 125(3): 237-245. https://doi.org/10.2307/2997221
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Data\Site\Sample_Information.csv
Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing the site location and attribute information for each sample taken. Variables include:

Sample ID = Unique identifier of the management unit plus plot number.

Unit = Number of each experimental unit used by the Malheur National Forest and used by field crews who collected data in 1997, 1999, and 2011.

Plot = A unique number referring to each plot.

Treatment = Logging treatment applied in 1998 and 1999: Control = Unlogged; Commercial = Single entry to extract commercial timber; Fuel Red = First entry to extract commercial timber, second entry to reduce fuel.

Treatment Date = Range of dates in which the management unit was logged.

Treatment Year = First year in which logging occurred.

Treatment Code = Unlogged = 0; Commercial = 1; Fuel Reduction = 2.

Number of Plots = The total number of plots within the management unit.

Summit Fire = Indicates whether or not a plot was burned in the 1996 Summit Wildfire (Malheur National Forest) 0=not burned; 1=burned

Sunshine Map = Code indicating whether a plot was located within the perimeter of the Forest Service map describing the extent of the 2008 Sunshine fire; 1 = plot within perimeter, 0 = plot outside perimeter.

Sunshine BoleChar = Code indicating that there was bole char evidence of the 2008 Sunshine fire within the plot measurement area; 1 = bole char evidence, 0 = no bole char evidence, 2 = Uncertain.

Publication Unit = The name of each experimental unit used for research purposes, including publication: 1C = MYRT 327; 1F = MYRT 323; 1U = DEEP 324; 2C = MYRT 424; 2F = MYRT 421; 2U= MYRT 422; 3C = MYRT 418; 3F = MYRT 419; 3U = COYOTE 420; 4C = MYRT 522; 4F = MYRT 52; 4U = BEAVE 520.

Block = The statistical group to which each experimental unit belongs; each block corresponds to a distinct perrenial drainage: 1 = Elk Cr; 2 = W Coyote; 3 = E Coyote; 4 = Wray Cr.

Drainage = The watershed within which the perennial stream flowed (each experimental block was located within a distinct drainage).

Azimuth Transect 1 = The compass bearing of the first 30.48-meter (100-foot) transect originating at the plot center (Degrees).

Azimuth Transect 2 = The compass bearing of the second 30.48-meter (100-foot) transect originating at the plot center (Degrees).

Azimuth Transect 3 = The compass bearing of the third 30.48-meter (100-foot) transect originating at the plot center (Degrees).

Sampling Date = Date at which sampling of this variable occurred for the indicated experimental unit (mm/dd/yyyy where mm=month, dd=day, and yyyy=year).

SampleYear = Year in which the sample was taken in the field.

Measured by = Identification of the persons performing the sampling measurements.

2011 Re-establishment = Plots were remeasured and re-established if necessary in 2011. 1 = original plot center stake in place; 2 = original stake found, but not in place; 3 = original stake missing, plot re-established using triangulation of adjacent plots; 0 = sample years 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2014.

Years since Trt = Difference in years from the year the plot was sampled and the year it was treated.

YearsSince Summit = Difference in years from the year the plot was sampled and 1996, the year of the Summit wildfire.

Temporal Analysis Code = Number describing the status of the sample in relation to the year logging was completed. 0= Sample taken before logging occurred on any units, 1=Sample taken 1-3 years after logging, 2= sample taken 13-18 years after logging.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
none provided
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Data\Site\Plot_UTM_site#.csv
Twelve comma-delimited ASCII text files containing UTM’s (Zone 11, NAD 83) of the 258 plots for which data are reported, as well as several UTM’s for other plots that were originally considered for the study but not measured. Variables include:

Unit # = Unit number.

Plot # = Plot number ("reference" means the location was used to guide someone into the unit, placed in a spot where no disturbance is expected to occur).

Easting = UTM easting (Zone 11 North, NAD 83).

Northing = UTM northing (Zone 11 North, NAD 83).

Stake Status = Status of the stake (examples: Stake New, Stake in Ground, Stake Loose). If this variable is blank the stake status is unknown.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
none provided
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Data\Tree\Sapling.csv
Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing data collected for sapling, tallies and other attributes recorded in a plot. Variables include:

Sample ID = Unique identifier of the management unit plus plot number.

Size = Letter indicating the size category of a sapling: L= Large, diameter at breast height (DBH) 5.1-10.2 cm (2-4 inches); S = Small, height taller than 1.37 meters (4.5 feet), but less than a 5.1 cm (2 inch) DBH.

Species Code = Four letter acronym designated by the USDA (Cell is blank if no saplings in plot. ABGR=Abies grandis, JUOC=Juniperus occidentalis, LAOC=Larix occidentalis, PIPO=Pinus ponderosa, PSME=Pseudotsuga menziesii, UNKN=unknown).

Status = Live or dead, Cell is blank if no saplings in plot.

Tally (Data Sheet) = Tally from the data sheet, different method used in 1997, 1998 and 1999 than in 2011 and 2014. The number of saplings for a given size, species, live or dead, and all height measurements combination. Cell is blank if no saplings in plot.

Tally (Calculated) = The number of saplings for a given size, species, live or dead, and all height measurements combination. Cell is blank if no saplings in plot. In 1997, 1998, and 1999 the field crews measured the saplings in a 6.6 foot radius plot, and in 2011 and 2014 the saplings were counted in a 26.2 foot radius plot. Because of this difference the sapling count for 1997, 1998, and 1999 are displayed here multiplied by 16.

Mean Height (total) feet = Average height for saplings of a given size, species, live or dead and all height measurements combination (feet). Cell is blank if no saplings in plot.

Mean Ht (to CB) feet = Average distance from ground level to the lowest branches (live or dead) for saplings of a given size, species, live or dead and all height measurements combination (feet). Cell is blank if no saplings in plot.

Mean Ht (to LC) feet = Average distance from ground level to the lowest living branches for saplings of a given size, species, live or dead and all height measurements combination (feet). Cell is blank if no saplings in plot.

Unit = Number of each experimental unit used by the Malheur National Forest and used by field crews who collected data in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2011, and 2014

Plot = A unique number referring to each plot.

SampleYear = Year in which the sample was taken in the field.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
none provided
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Data\Tree\Seedlings.csv
Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing data collected for seedlings, tallies and other attributes recorded in a plot. Variables include:
Variables include:

Sample ID = Unique identifier of the management unit plus plot number.

Size = Letter indicating the size category of a seedling: S = Small, less than 0.3 meters tall (1-foot); M = Medium, 0.3 to 0.6 meters tall (1-2 feet); L = Large 0.6 to 1.37 meters tall (2-4.5 feet).

Species Code = Four letter acronym designated by the USDA (Cell is blank if no saplings in plot. ABGR=Abies grandis, JUOC=Juniperus occidentalis, LAOC=Larix occidentalis, PIPO=Pinus ponderosa, PSME=Pseudotsuga menziesii, UNKN=unknown).

Status = Live or dead.

Tally (from data sheets) = Tally from the data sheet, different method used in 1997, 1998 and 1999 than in 2011 and 2014. The number of seedlings for a given size, species, live or dead, and all height measurements combination. Cell is blank if no seedlings in plot.

Tally = The number of seedlingss for a given size, species, live or dead, and all height measurements combination. Cell is blank if no seedlings in plot. In 1997, 1998, and 1999 the field crews measured the seedlings in a 3.3 foot radius plot, and in 2011 and 2014 the seedlings were counted in a 26.2 foot radius plot. Because of this difference the seedling count for 1997, 1998, and 1999 are displayed here multiplied by 63.66.

Unit = Number of each experimental unit used by the Malheur National Forest and used by field crews who collected data in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2011, and 2014.

Plot = A unique number referring to each plot.

SampleYear = Year in which the sample was taken in the field.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
none provided
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Data\Tree\Trees.csv
Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing data collected for trees, attributes for each tree in a 26.2-foot radius plot. Variables include:

Sample ID = Unique identifier of the management unit, plot number and year sample was taken, in that order.

Species Code = Four letter acronym designated by the USDA (ABGR=Abies grandis, JUOC=Juniperus occidentalis, LAOC=Larix occidentalis, PIPO=Pinus ponderosa, PSME=Pseudotsuga menziesii, UNKN=unknown). Cell is blank if no trees in plot.

Status = Live or Dead. Cell is blank if no trees in plot.

DBH (in) = Diameter at breast height 1.37 meters (4.5 feet) (inches). Cell is blank if no trees in plot.

Height (ft) = Total height of a tree (feet). Cell is blank if height not recorded or no trees in plot.

Height to CB (ft) = Distance from ground level to the lowest branch (live or dead) of a tree (feet). Cell is blank if height to Crown base was not recorded or no trees in plot.

Height to LC (ft) = Distance from ground level to the lowest live branch of a tree (feet). Cell is blank if Height to Live crown was not recorded, tree is dead, or no trees in plot.

Unit = Number of each experimental unit used by the Malheur National Forest and used by field crews who collected data in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2011, and 2014.

Plot = A unique number referring to each plot.

SampleYear = Year in which the sample was taken in the field.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
none provided
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Data\Veg\Ground_Vegetation.csv
Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing data collected on shrubs, grass, and forbs, an ocular estimate at the plot level. Variables include:

Sample ID = Unique identifier of the management unit, plot number and year sample was taken, in that order.

Shrub % Cover = The percentage of ground area covered by shrub canopies projected on the ground surface measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter (26.2-feet) radius plot (Percentage). A zero is actual field measurement.

Shrub Ht (feet) = Average height estimate of shrubs measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter (26.2-feet) radius plot (feet). A zero is actual field measurement.

Grass % Cover = The percentage of ground area covered by grass canopies projected on the ground surface measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter (26.2-feet) radius plot (Percentage). A zero is actual field measurement.

Grass Ht (feet) = Average height estimate of grass measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter (26.2-feet) radius plot (feet). A zero is actual field measurement.

Forb % Cover = The percentage of ground area covered by forb canopies projected on the ground surface measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter (26.2-feet) radius plot (Percentage). A zero is actual field measurement.

Forb Ht (feet) = Average height of forbs measured by ocular estimate in an 8-meter (26.2-feet) radius plot (feet). A zero is actual field measurement.

Major Species = Predominant functional group of vegetation found in the plot (eg. shrub, grass, or forb).

MajorSpeciesCode = Predominant functional group of vegetation found in the plot expressed as a number: 1=shrub, 2=grass, 3=forb, 4=grass/forb, 5=shrub/forb, 6=shrub/grass/forb

Unit = Number of each experimental unit used by the Malheur National Forest and used by field crews who collected data in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2011, and 2014

Plot = A unique number referring to each plot.

SampleYear = Year in which the sample was taken in the field.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
none provided
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
\Supplements\*
This folder contains files with additional information important to these data. See below for a description of each file.

\Supplements\Data_Sheet_2011.pdf: Adobe Acrobat PDF file containing an example data sheet used by the 2011 field crew.

\Supplements\SummitFindings.pdf: Adobe Acrobat PDF/a file containing a summary of key findings from two scientific publications on the Summit Fire Experiment.

\Supplements\Table_1.pdf: Adobe Acrobat PDF/a file containing key features of Summit Fire experimental units.

\Supplements\Table_2.pdf: Adobe Acrobat PDF/a file containing name and location identifiers for the Summit Fire experimental units.

\Supplements\SiteMaps\Figure_1.pdf: Adobe Acrobat PDF file containing a map showing the location of the experimental units within the perimeter of the Summit Fire.

\Supplements\SiteMaps\Figure_2.pdf: Adobe Acrobat PDF file containing a map showing the perimeter of the 2008 Sunshine Fire within the Summit Fire study area.

\Supplements\UnitSITE#_1999.pdf: Thirteen Adobe Acrobat PDF files containing hand-drawn line drawings of each unit, along with the GPS coordinates and additional notes related to each unit.
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Metadata_Date: 20161215
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Contact_Person: James McIver
Contact_Organization: Oregon State University
Contact_Position: Senior Research Associate Professor
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