Eastern United States wildfire hazard model: 2000-2009

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Peters, Matthew P.

Originator: Iverson, Louis R.

Publication_Date: 2017

Title:

Eastern United States wildfire hazard model: 2000-2009

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO

Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2016-0035

Description:

Abstract:

The wildfire hazard models are a set of 12 raster geospatial products produced by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station that are intended to be used in analyses of wildfire hazards in the region of New Jersey, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. Each raster represents the monthly hazard of a wildfire occurring within a 30 meter pixel as a probability. A statistical model for each month was parameterized with an integrated moisture index, a cumulative drought severity index for the month during the period 2000 to 2009, percent forest cover, and wildland-urban interface classifications to predict the probability of wildfire occurrence based on reported wildfires. Each model included 10 iterations and the raster products of average, minimum, maximum, median, and standard deviation of the predicted probability of a wildfire occurrence is provided. All raster values were converted to integers by multiplying by 10 to reduce file sizes. Therefore, the range of probabilities is 0 to 1000 for the modeled occurrence of a wildfire.

Purpose:

These products are intended to provide managers and planners with information related to the wildfire hazard based on reported incidents from 2000 to 2009. Local and daily weather conditions should be monitored to determine site specific burn susceptibility. Our monthly wildfire hazard data is intended to provide long-term trends of potential environmental conditions that coincided with reported wildfires.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2000

Ending_Date: 2009

Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Description_of_Geographic_Extent:

New Jersey, Ohio, and Pennsylvania

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -84.952948

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.762121

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.288946

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.135801

Bounding_Altitudes:

Altitude_Minimum: 1

Altitude_Maximum: 978

Altitude_Distance_Units: meters

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category

Theme_Keyword: environment

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy

Theme_Keyword: Ecology, Ecosystems, & Environment

Theme_Keyword: Landscape ecology

Theme_Keyword: Environment and People

Theme_Keyword: Fire

Theme_Keyword: Wildland/urban interface

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: maximum entrophy

Theme_Keyword: integrated moisture index

Theme_Keyword: cumulative drought severity index

Theme_Keyword: wildfire hazard

Theme_Keyword: wildland-urban interface

Theme_Keyword: statistical model

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: New Jersey

Place_Keyword: Ohio

Place_Keyword: Pennsylvania

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints:

These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

Peters, Matthew P.; Iverson, Louis R. 2016. Eastern United States wildfire hazard model: 2000-2009. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2016-0035

Please note: These data are the product of modeling, and as such carries an inherent degree of error and uncertainty. Users must read and fully comprehend the metadata and other available documentation prior to data use. Users should acknowledge the Originator when using this dataset as a source. Users should share data products developed using the source dataset with the Originator. No warranty is made by the Northern Research Station (NRS) or USDA Forest Service as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data for individual use or aggregate use with other data, or for purposes not intended by the USDA Forest Service. These products are intended to support regional strategic planning. The applicability of the wildfire hazard model to support fire and land management planning on smaller areas will vary by location and daily weather conditions. Further investigation by local and regional experts should be conducted to inform decisions regarding local applicability. It is the sole responsibility of the local user, using product metadata and local knowledge, to determine if and/or how these modeled wildfire hazards can be used for particular areas of interest. The wildfire hazard models are not intended to replace local products where they exist, but rather serve as a 10-year trend, providing wall-to-wall coverage of potential wildfire ignitions based on reported incidents. It is the responsibility of the user to be familiar with the value, assumptions, and limitations of the model and resulting product. Managers and planners must evaluate the wildfire hazard models according to the scale and requirements specific to their needs. Spatial information may not meet National Map Accuracy Standards. This information may be updated without notification.

Data_Set_Credit:

This project was funded by USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1.4959

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Peters, Matthew P.

Originator: Iverson, Louis R.

Originator: Matthews, Stephen N.

Originator: Prasad, Anatha M.

Publication_Date: 2013

Title:

Wildfire hazard mapping: exploring site conditions in eastern US wildland—urban interfaces

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Series_Information:

Series_Name: International Journal of Wildland Fire

Issue_Identification: 22(5): 567-578

Online_Linkage: https://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/44243

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1071/wf12177

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Peters, Matthew P.

Originator: Iverson, Louis R.

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

Incorporating fine-scale drought information into an eastern US wildfire hazard model

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Series_Information:

Series_Name: International Journal of Wildland Fire

Issue_Identification:

Other_Citation_Details:

(In Review)

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

These data are modeled probabilities derived from a statistical relationship among 10-years of monthly reported wildfires and drought conditions, forest cover, an integrated soil moisture index, and wildland-urban interface.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Each monthly model was parameterized to withhold 25% of the reported wildfires for calculating area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). Additional evaluation of each monthly probability was conducted by assessing the percentage of reported wildfires used to train the models and 527 records from 2010 not included that coincided with values indicating a wildfire hazard.

Completeness_Report:

Among the reported wildfires, only records with an area burned ≥ 0.1 hectares and having been the result of campfires, children, debris burning, equipment, incendiary, lightning, railroad, or smoking were used to model wildfire hazards.

Among the modeled wildfire hazard values, there may be some cells with no data. These cells are the result of missing or incomplete soil data used to calculate the integrated moisture index.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: National Interagency Fire Center

Publication_Date: 2014

Title:

Interagency Management Situation Report 209

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data

Online_Linkage: https://rmgsc.cr.usgs.gov/outgoing/GeoMAC/historic_fire_data/

Online_Linkage: https://rmgsc.cr.usgs.gov/outgoing/GeoMAC/historic_fire_data/sit_rep_pts_dd83_METADATA.html

Online_Linkage: https://www.predictiveservices.nifc.gov/intelligence/Situation_Report_User_Guide_2%200.pdf

Type_of_Source_Media: online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2002

Ending_Date: 2009

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

Wildfires - NIFC

Source_Contribution:

Large fire incidents for the period 2002 – 2009 that have been entered into the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) 209 Situation Report database.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

Reported wildfire incidents

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data

Type_of_Source_Media: online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2000

Ending_Date: 2010

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

Wildfires -NJ

Source_Contribution:

Fire incidents for the period 2000 – 2010 that were entered into the state incidents database.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Ohio Department of Natural Resources – Division of Forestry

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

Reported wildfire incidents

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data

Type_of_Source_Media:

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2000

Ending_Date: 2010

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

Wildfires - OH

Source_Contribution:

Fire incidents for the period 2000 – 2010 that were entered into the state incidents database.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources – Bureau of Forestry

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

Reported wildfire incidents

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data

Type_of_Source_Media: online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 2000

Ending_Date: 2010

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

Wildfires - PA

Source_Contribution:

Fire incidents for the period 2000 – 2010 that were entered into the state incidents database.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: United States Forest Service

Publication_Date: 2007

Title:

LANDFIRE.CANOPY_COVER

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data

Type_of_Source_Media: online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: Unknown

Ending_Date: Unknown

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

USFS Percent Forest Cover

Source_Contribution:

The percent canopy cover of trees derived from digital orthophotographs and/or high spatial resolution satellite data as 0 = Non-forested vegetation, 15 = Forest cover 10% <= and < 20%, 25 = Forest cover 20% <= and < 30%, 35 = Forest cover 30% <= and < 40%, 45 = Forest cover 40% <= and < 50%, 55 = Forest cover 50% <= and < 60%, 65 = Forest cover 60% <= and < 70%, 75 = Forest cover 70% <= and < 80%, 85 = Forest cover 80% <= and < 90%, 95 = Forest cover 90% <= and <= 100%, -9999 = No Data.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data

Type_of_Source_Media: online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Multiple_Dates/Times:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 1992

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 2000

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

WUI

Source_Contribution:

Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) classification derived from 2000 U.S. Census and 1992 USGS National Land Cover Data.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: United States Forest Service

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

Integrated Moisture Index

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data

Type_of_Source_Media: online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: Unknown

Ending_Date: Unknown

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

IMI

Source_Contribution:

The integrated moisture index (IMI) provides a measure of long-term soil moisture potential. IMI is related to the topographic influence on water and soil moisture retention.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: PRISM Climate Group at Oregon State University

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

United States Average Monthly Precipitation and Mean Temperature, 1981-2010 (800m; ASCII GRID)

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data

Online_Linkage: //prism.oregonstate.edu/

Type_of_Source_Media: online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 1981

Ending_Date: 2010

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

PRISM

Source_Contribution:

Monthly 30-year "normal" dataset covering the conterminous U.S., averaged over the climatological period 1981-2010. Both monthly precipitation and mean temperature values were obtained at a spatial resolution of 800 meters.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: National Climatic Data Center

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

Climate Division Palmer Modified Drought Index

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital tabular data

Online_Linkage: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/temp-and-precip/drought/historical-palmers/

Type_of_Source_Media: online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 1895

Ending_Date: 2009

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

NCDC PSDI

Source_Contribution:

A measurement of the duration and intensity of the long-term drought-inducing circulation patterns.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database for New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector and tabular digital data

Other_Citation_Details:

Originally available: //SoilDataMart.nrcs.usda.gov

Online_Linkage: https://gdg.sc.egov.usda.gov/

Type_of_Source_Media: online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: Unknown

Ending_Date: Unknown

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

SSURGO

Source_Contribution:

Provides information about the distribution of chemical and physical soil properties across the landscape.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Total available water supply to a depth of 150 centimeters was created as a vector file from tabular county records. Each county file was then converted to a 30 meter raster grid and all files within a state were mosaicked together. Each state mosaic was then merged into a single regional raster.

See Peters et al. 2013 for more details.

Peters, Matthew P.; Iverson, Louis R.; Matthews, Stephen N.; Prasad, Anantha M. 2013. Wildfire hazard mapping: exploring site conditions in eastern US wildland—urban interfaces. International Journal of Wildland Fire. 22: 567-578. https://doi.org/10.1071/wf12177

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

SSURGO

Process_Date: 2009

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Records that were georeferenced and having an area burned ≥ 0.1 hectares and having been the result of campfires, children, debris burning, equipment, incendiary, lightning, railroad, or smoking were aggregated with state databases of reported wildfires.

See Peters et al. 2013 for more details.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Wildfires - NIFC; Wildfires - NJ; Wildfires - OH; Wildfires - PA

Process_Date: 2010

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Data values within the state boundaries of New Jersey, Ohio, and Pennsylvania in addition to values within the West Virginia counties of Brooke, Hancock, Marshall, and Ohio were extracted from a regional mosaic and converted to an ASCII grid file.

See Peters et al. 2013 for more details.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

USFS Percent Forest Cover

Process_Date: 2010

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

IMI is a derived product based on topographic shading, flow accumulation of water downslope, curvature and soil water-holding capacity. A 10 meter digital elevation model was used to calculate curvature, hillshade, and an infinite directional algorithm was used to calculate flow accumulation. IMI values were aggregated to 30 meter and reclassified as dry (< 35), intermediate (35 – 50), and mesic (> 50). The data were assigned a numeric value and converted to an ASCII file for modeling.

See Peters et al. 2013 for more details.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

IMI

Process_Date: 2010

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Data within the state boundaries of New Jersey, Ohio, and Pennsylvania in addition to values within the West Virginia counties of Brooke, Hancock, Marshall, and Ohio were obtained as vectors and converted to a grid with 30 m cell size. Values from the WUICODE00 attribute were reclassified into five categories: WUI – Low density Interface, Medium density Interface, High density Interface, Low density Intermix, Medium density Intermix, and High density Intermix; Non-WUI Vegetated – Very low density vegetated, Uninhabited vegetated; Non-Vegetated or Agriculture – Very low density no vegetation, Low density no vegetation, Medium density no vegetation, High density no vegetation; Uninhabited / No Vegetation – Uninhabited/No Vegetation; and Water. Each category was assigned a numeric value and converted to an ASCII file for modeling.

See Peters et al. 2013 for more details.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

WUI

Process_Date: 2010

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Tabular data were joined to a climate division shapefile and the frequency of monthly drought events (PMDI < -1.99) were accumulated during the period 2000 – 2009. The vector drought frequency data was converted to a raster with a 30 meter cell size.

See Peters et al. 2013 for more details.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

NCDC PDSI

Process_Date: 2010

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Monthly values within the state boundaries of New Jersey, Ohio, and Pennsylvania in addition to values within the West Virginia counties of Brooke, Hancock, Marshall, and Ohio were extracted and used to parameterize a self-calibrated Palmer drought severity index algorithm. Mean monthly temperature values for December, January, and February were averaged and resampled to 30 meter for inclusion in the corresponding monthly models.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

PRISM

Process_Date: 2015

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0

Longitude_Resolution: 0

Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: D WGS 1984

Ellipsoid_Name: WGS 1984

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: MMM_XXX (where MMM=3-letter acronym for month, XXX=avg, median, min, max, stddev)

Entity_Type_Definition:

XXX probability of wildfire hazard among ten iterations for the specified month (MMM)

Entity_Type_Definition_Source:

Derived from model

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Rowid

Attribute_Definition:

Internal feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: VALUE

Attribute_Definition:

Modeled probability of wildfire hazard. Values were multiplied by 10 before converting to an integer value.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

Derived from model

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: COUNT

Attribute_Definition:

Number of cells within raster that contain the corresponding Value

Attribute_Definition_Source:

ESRI

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

This data publication contains 10 different raster files for each month. Below is a description of the files included and their contents.

ACRONYM DEFINITIONS:
MMM=three letter month abbreviation (apr=April, may=May, jun=June, etc.)

XXX=the type of probability (avg=average, median, max=maximum, min=minimum, and stddev=standard deviation)

FILES:
/Data/MMM_cdsi/MMM_XXX
ArcGIS raster files (and associated files) containing the XXX probability of wildfire hazard among ten iterations for the specified month. These files were modeled using a cumulative drought severity index (CDSI) rather than climate division drought values. A snowmelt function was not used and the variable mean winter (DJF) temperature was included.

/Data/MMM_cdsi_snow/MMM_XXX
ArcGIS raster files (and associated files) containing the XXX probability of wildfire hazard among ten iterations for the specified month. These files were modeled using a cumulative drought severity index (CDSI) rather than climate division drought values. In this model, a snowmelt function was used to alter winter and spring precipitation.


VARIABLE DESCRIPTION:
ROWID = Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

VALUE = Modeled probability of wildfire hazard. Values were multiplied by 10 before converting to an integer value. (Data ranges from 0-1000)

COUNT = Number of cells within raster that contain the corresponding Value.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

Peters, Matthew P.; Iverson, Louis R. (In Review). Incorporating fine-scale drought information into an eastern US wildfire hazard model. International Journal of Wildland Fire.

Peters, Matthew P.; Iverson, Louis R.; Matthews, Stephen N.; Prasad, Anantha M. 2013. Wildfire hazard mapping: exploring site conditions in eastern US wildland—urban interfaces. International Journal of Wildland Fire. 22: 567-578. https://doi.org/10.1071/wf12177

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development

Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical

Address: 240 West Prospect Road

City: Fort Collins

State_or_Province: CO

Postal_Code: 80526

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Instructions

Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of January 2017. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.

Resource_Description: RDS-2016-0035

Distribution_Liability:

Metadata documents have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise stated, all data and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, neither the author, the Archive, nor any part of the federal government can assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed for a user's application of these data or related materials.

The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: GRID

Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification

Format_Specification:

ArcGIS raster grid file

File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with Winzip 14.0

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2016-0035

Fees: None

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20170112

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Matthew Peters

Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station

Contact_Position: GIS Analyst

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical

Address: 359 Main Road

City: Delaware

State_or_Province: OH

Postal_Code: 43015

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 740-368-0063

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: matthewpeters@fs.fed.us

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999