Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI) for CONUS

Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Urbanski, Shawn P.
Originator: Reeves, Matt C.
Originator: Corley, Rachel E.
Originator: Hao, Wei Min
Originator: Silverstein, Robin P.
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:
Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI) for CONUS
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital and raster data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
Other_Citation_Details:
Updated 09 January 2018
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2017-0039
Description:
Abstract:
The Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI) is a retrospective, daily wildfire emission inventory for the contiguous United States with a spatial resolution of 250 meters (m). MFLEI was produced using multiple datasets of fire activity and burned area, a newly developed wildland fuels map and an updated emission factor database. This data publication contains the 2003-2015 MFLEI estimates of daily fuel consumed and emissions of CO2, CO, CH4, and PM2.5 at 250 m spatial resolution. The inventory also includes carefully constructed uncertainty estimates for daily fuel consumption and emissions at 250 m spatial resolution. The dataset includes daily emissions and uncertainties aggregated to 10 kilometer (km) × 10 km grid. The aggregated product provides area burned, mass of fuel consumed, and emissions of CO2, CO, CH4, and PM2.5. The emission and emission uncertainty data are provided as comma-delimited ASCII text files. MFLEI fuel consumption and land cover type may be combined with published emission factor datasets to estimate emissions for hundreds of volatile organic compounds and other pollutants present in fresh wildfire smoke. This data publication contains geospatial data in raster format and tabular data. The raster datasets includes a map of the coefficient of variation of the herbaceous fuel loading, a land cover map of herbaceous, shrub, and forest type groups (FIA), and maps of the upper bound, lower bound, and best estimate of herbaceous or shrub fuel loading.
Purpose:
These data provide wildland fire emission estimates for use in atmospheric chemistry and air quality modeling. The data may be used for scientific research and in regulatory efforts such as emission inventories and air quality management. Data may be used as inventory of wildfire fire emissions to support the design effective and efficient emission control strategies. When used in a proper air quality modeling framework, it may also be suitable for identifying smoke intrusions or events that have contributed to air pollution events in urban areas or protected air sheds.
Supplemental_Information:
Original metadata date was 08/24/2017. Data were updated on 01/09/2018 to include two additional years of data (2014-2015). Metadata and supplemental files were updated to reflect this change, which also included updating references and sources related to these additional years of data.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2003
Ending_Date: 2015
Currentness_Reference:
Ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
Contiguous United States of America (CONUS)
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -125
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -66
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 50
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
Theme_Keyword: environment
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
Theme_Keyword: Climate change
Theme_Keyword: Carbon
Theme_Keyword: Fire
Theme_Keyword: Smoke
Theme_Keyword: Fire
Theme_Keyword: Fire effects on environment
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: biomass burning
Theme_Keyword: wildland fire
Theme_Keyword: smoke dispersion
Theme_Keyword: smoke emissions
Theme_Keyword: wildfire
Theme_Keyword: Joint Fire Science Program
Theme_Keyword: JFSP
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword: CONUS
Place_Keyword: United States
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

Urbanski, Shawn P.; Reeves, Matt C.; Corley, Rachel E.; Hao, Wei Min; Silverstein, Robin P. 2017. Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI) for CONUS. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. Updated 09 January 2018. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2017-0039
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Shawn P. Urbanski
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station
Contact_Position: Research Physical Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: Fire Sciences Laboratory
Address: 5775 W US Highway 10
City: Missoula
State_or_Province: MT
Postal_Code: 59808
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 406-329-4829
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: surbanski@fs.fed.us
Data_Set_Credit:
Funding for this project provided by USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP Project # 12-1-07-1; and a NOAA grant (NA130AR4310087).
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.3.1.4959
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Urbanski, Shawn P.
Originator: Reeves, Matt C.
Originator: Corley, Rachel E.
Originator: Hao, Wei Min
Originator: Silverstein, Robin P.
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title:
Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI) for CONUS: Dataset Documentation
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Other_Citation_Details:
Available through full data publication download (\Supplements\MFLEI_Dataset_Document.pdf)
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
This data publication includes uncertainty estimates of the emission intensities derived using a Monte Carlo style analysis described in the accompanying data document (Urbanski et al., 2017). Here we consider aspects of accuracy in the datasets employed in the emission modeling that were not accounted for in the uncertainty analysis.

The CONUS Forest Type Group map of the USDA Forest Service National Forest Type Dataset (Ruefenacht et al., 2008) was used as the base map for the MFLEI land cover map. The forest classification accuracy of the Group map is around 60 – 70% (Keane et al., 2013; Ruefenacht et al., 2008). The uncertainty in the forest type group classification was not considered in the emissions modeling. The forest/non-forest classification accuracy of the forest type group map is 80 – 98% (Blackard et al., 2008). Areas classified as non-forest by the forest type group map were assigned a classification – herbaceous, shrub, or non-fuel, using the rangeland product of Reeves and Mitchell (2011). The classification accuracy of the rangeland map was not considered in the emissions uncertainty analysis.

Pixels of the MFLEI land cover type map were identified as burned using four burned area / fire activity products: Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity fire boundaries (MTBS), the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) active-fire based Direct Broadcast Monthly Burned Area Product MCD64A1 Collection 5.1 (MCD64), incident fire perimeters from the Geospatial Multi-Agency Coordination Wildland Fire Support archive (GEOMAC), and a spatial wildfire occurrence database (FOD). MTBS fire boundaries are generated on a fire event basis through analyst interpretation of dNBR images produced from 30 meter (m) LANDSAT images (https://www.mtbs.gov/project-overview, Eidenshink et al., 2007). Evaluation of this approach versus field observations found the Producer’s accuracy to be 75% for unburned pixels and 87% for burned pixels (Bobbe et al., 2003). The MCD64 burned area product has a reported uncertainty (one standard deviation) in hectare for the U.S. that is the square root of the Cb*A, where A is the true area burned in hectare and Cb = 53.1 hectare (Giglio et al., 2010). The FOD provides a final fire size and a point location for fires (Short, 2017). The spatial distribution of area burned for each fire used from the FOD was estimated by buffering the location with a circle of the area of the final fire size. We evaluated the spatial accuracy of the FOD buffering method using MTBS fire boundaries for 447 fires from 2012 using the union overlap, the ratio of the area of the intersection to the area of the union of the two polygon datasets (Gee et al., 1993) as a spatial metric. The union overlap metric ranges between 0 and 1, with 1 signifying perfect agreement between the two burned area datasets. The union overlap value was 0.31 for the 447 fires evaluated.


Blackard, J. A.; Finco, M. V.; Helmer, E. H.; Holden, G. R.; Hoppus, M. L.; Jacobs, D. M.; Lister, A. J.; Moisen, G. G.; Nelson, M. D.; Riemann, R.; Ruefenacht, B.; Salajanu, D.; Weyermann, D. L.; Winterberger, K. C.; Brandeis, T. J.; Czaplewski, R. L.; McRoberts, R. E.; Patterson, P. L.; Tymcio, R. P. 2008. Mapping U.S. forest biomass using nationwide forest inventory data and moderate resolution information. Remote Sensing of Environment, 112: 1658-1677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2007.08.021

Bobbe, Thomas; Finco, Mark V.; Quayle, Brad; Lannom, Keith; Sohlberg, Robert; Parsons, Annette. 2003. Field measurements for the training and validation of burn severity maps from Spaceborne, remotely sensed imagery. JFSP Final Report Project ID 2001-2. https://www.fs.fed.us/eng/rsac/baer/final_report_01B-2-1-01.pdf

Eidenshink, J.; Schwind, B.; Brewer, K.; Zhu, Z.; Quayle, B.; Howard, S. 2007. A project for monitoring trends in burn severity. Fire Ecology 3: 3-21. https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0301003

Gee, Jim C.; Reivich, Martin; Bajcsy, Ruzena 1993. Elastically deforming 3D atlas to match anatomical brain images. J. Comput. Assist Tomogr. 17: 225-236. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004728-199303000-00011

Giglio, L.; Randerson, J. T.; van der Werf, G. R.; Kasibhatla, P. S.; Collatz, G. J.; Morton, D. C.; DeFries, R. S. 2010. Assessing variability and long-term trends in burned area by merging multiple satellite fire products. Biogeosciences 7: 1171-1186. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1171-2010

Keane, Robert E.; Herynk, Jason M.; Toney, Chris; Urbanski, Shawn P.; Lutes, Duncan C.; Ottmar, Roger D. 2013. Evaluating the performance and mapping of three fuel classification systems using Forest Inventory and Analysis surface fuel measurements. Forest Ecology and Management 305: 248-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.001

Reeves, Matthew Clark; Mitchell, John E. 2011. Extent of coterminous US rangelands: Quantifying implications of differing agency perspectives. Rangeland Ecology and Management 64: 585-597. https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-11-00035.1

Ruefenacht, B.; Finco, M. V.; Nelson, M. D.; Czaplewski, R.; Helmer, E. H.; Blackard, J. A.; Holden, G. R.; Lister, A. J.; Salajanu, D.; Weyermann, D.; Winterberger, K. 2008. Conterminous U.S. and Alaska forest Type mapping using forest inventory and analysis data. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 74: 1379–1388. https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.74.11.1379

Short, Karen C. 2017. Spatial wildfire occurrence data for the United States, 1992-2015 [FPA_FOD_20170508]. 4th Edition. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2013-0009.4

Urbanski, Shawn P.; Reeves, Matt C.; Corley, Rachel E; Hao, Wei Min; Silverstein, Robin P. 2017. Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI) for CONUS: Dataset Documentation. (Included in the full data publication download \Supplements\MFLEI_Dataset_Document.pdf.)
Logical_Consistency_Report:
No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.
Completeness_Report:
Data are considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the entire metadata record for additional details.

Fires in the FOD dataset < 4 hectares in size were not used to identify burned MFLEI pixels due to their minor contribution to total burned area. While fires < 4 hectares (ha) accounted for 86% of all fires in the FOD database for 2003 - 2015, they only comprised 1.5% of total fire area. The MFLEI is intended to be a comprehensive inventory of emission from wildfires. However, prescribed fires (planned fires used to meet land management objectives) will be included to some extent. The FOD and GEOMAC include only wildfires. While the focus of MTBS is wildfires, it does include some large prescribed fires. The MCD64 product cannot identify fire type and will include prescribed fires and agricultural fires. Agricultural fires in MCD64 will be largely eliminated from the inventory as the MFLEI cover type map classifies agriculture as non-fuel and emissions are not calculated for non-fuel pixels. Because prescribed fires tend to be small in size and short in duration, and often are low intensity, sub-forest-canopy, the satellite imagery based method of burned area mapping used by MCD64 is thought to have a low detection rate for prescribed fires. MFLEI most certainly excludes significant burned area and emissions from prescribed fire activity. Because there is not a national, uniform reporting method for prescribed fire activity in the US, the area burned and associated emissions due to prescribed fires is highly uncertain. The Coalition of Prescribed Fire Councils, Inc. conducted a National Prescribed Fire Use Survey for the years 2011 and 2014 and reported regional and national estimates of forestry area treated with prescribed burning. The survey reports estimate the total U.S. forest area treated with prescribed fires as 3.2 million hectares in 2011 and 3.6 million hectares in 2014. (Reports by Coalition of Prescribed Fire Councils, Inc. available here: http://www.prescribedfire.net/).
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Lab
Methodology_Description:
The emission intensity estimates Ei (kg-i/m2/day), where i = CO2, CO, CH4, or PM2.5 (and kg=kilograms and m2=square meters), were calculated using the model: Ei = F × C × EFi, where F is the pixel fuel loading (kg/m2), C is the fraction of fuel consumed (1/day), and EFi is the emission factor for species i (kg-i emitted/kg-fuel consumed). Total pixel mass emissions, Mi (kg-i/pixel) are the product of Ei and area burned, A (m2 day/pixel). This data publication includes uncertainty estimates of the emission intensities derived using a Monte Carlo style analysis. The emissions model, the input variables, and the uncertainty assessment are described in detail in the accompanying data document (Urbanski et al., 2017). Only a brief description of the methodology is provided here.

The map used to assign cover type and fuel loading to burned pixels was based on the CONUS Forest Type Group map of the USDA Forest Service National Forest Type Dataset (https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/rastergateway/forest_type/; Ruefenacht et al., 2008) and spatially explicit rangeland fuels map (Reeves and Mitchell, 2011; Reeves, 2016).

Forest fuel loading (biomass per unit area available for combustion) was assigned from an expanded version of the Fuels Type Group (FTG) fuel classification system (Keane et al., 2013) developed using data from the U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) National Program. The Rangeland Fuel Product (Reeves, 2016) provided spatially explicit fuel loadings for grassland and shrub ecosystems. The methods used to derive both fuel loading datasets are provide in the accompanying data document.

On an annual basis, potentially burned pixels of the land cover map were identified by an overlay of burned area polygons and rasters in ArcMap. Four burned area/fire activity datasets were used to extract potentially burned pixels: Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) fire boundaries (https://www.mtbs.gov/direct-download; Eidenshink et al., 2007), the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) active-fire based Direct Broadcast Monthly Burned Area Product MCD64A1 Collection 5.1 (MCD64) (http://modis-fire.umd.edu/pages/ActiveFire.php?target=GetData; Giglio et al., 2009), incident fire perimeters from the Geospatial Multi-Agency Coordination Wildland Fire Support archive (GEOMAC) (https://www.geomac.gov/), and a spatial wildfire occurrence database (FOD) (Short, 2017). Of the four datasets used to map burned area, only MCD64 provides an estimated burn date. Pixels identified as burned by the MTBS, GEOMAC, or FOD datasets were assigned an estimated burn date based on the MCD64, MODIS active fire detections (MCD14) (Giglio et al., 2003), and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) I-band active fire detections (Schroeder et al., 2014) (for 2014 and 2015) using methods described in the accompanying data document.

Combustion completeness was estimated based on simulations using algorithms from the fire effects models CONSUME (Prichard et al., 2006) and FOFEM (Lutes, 2016). The combustion completeness of forest surface fuels considered fuel moisture regime based on data from National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS) stations. The methods are fully described in the methods described in the accompanying data document.

Three sets of three sets of emission factors (southern forests, western and northern forests, and rangelands) were used in the emissions modeling. The emission factors were derived from a large body of published field data and account for significant differences in the combustion properties and emission of different fire types. The emission factor dataset is described in the accompanying data document.

See accompanying data documentation (Urbanski et al., 2017) for complete details on the Methodology.
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Urbanski, Shawn P.
Originator: Reeves, Matt C.
Originator: Corley, Rachel E.
Originator: Hao, Wei Min
Originator: Silverstein, Robin P.
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title:
Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI) for CONUS: Dataset Documentation
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Other_Citation_Details:
Available through full data publication download (\Supplements\MFLEI_Dataset_Document.pdf)
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Reeves, Matt C.
Publication_Date: 2016
Title:
Extent of coterminous US rangelands: quantifying implications of differing agency perspectives
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Joint Fire Science Final Report
Issue_Identification: 12-1-02-15
Other_Citation_Details:
129 p.
Online_Linkage: https://www.firescience.gov/projects/12-1-02-15/project/12-1-02-15_final_report.pdf
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Keane, Robert E.
Originator: Hernyk, Jason M.
Originator: Toney, Chris
Originator: Urbanski, Shawn P.
Originator: Lutes, Duncan C.
Originator: Ottmar, Roger D.
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:
Evaluating the performance and mapping of three fuel classification systems using Forest Inventory and Analysis surface fuel measurements
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Forest Ecology and Management
Issue_Identification: 305: 248-263
Other_Citation_Details:
15 p.
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.001
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Eidenshink, Jeff
Originator: Schwind, Brian
Originator: Brewer, Ken
Originator: Zhu, Zhi-Liang
Originator: Quayle, Brad
Originator: Howard, Stephen
Publication_Date: 2007
Title:
A project for monitoring trends in burn severity
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Fire Ecology
Issue_Identification: 3:3-21
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.4996/fireecology.0301003
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Giglio, Louis
Originator: Loboda, Tatiana
Originator: Roy, David P.
Originator: Quayle, Brad
Originator: Justice, Christopher O.
Publication_Date: 2009
Title:
An active-fire based burned area mapping algorithm for the MODIS sensor
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Remote Sensing of Environment
Issue_Identification: 113: 408-420
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.10.006
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Short, Karen C.
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:
Spatial wildfire occurrence data for the United States, 1992-2015 [FPA_FOD_20170508]
Edition: 4th
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data and database
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2013-0009.4
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Giglio, Louis
Originator: Descloitres, Jacques
Originator: Justice, Christopher O
Originator: Kaufman, Yoram J.
Publication_Date: 2003
Title:
An enhanced contextual fire detection algorithm for MODIS
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Remote Sensing of Environment
Issue_Identification: 87: 273-282
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(03)00184-6
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Schroeder, Wilfrid
Originator: Oliva, Patricia
Originator: Giglio, Louis
Originator: Csiszar, Ivan A.
Publication_Date: 2014
Title:
The new VIIRS 375 m active fire detection data product: Algorithm description and initial assessment
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Remote Sensing of Environment
Issue_Identification: 143: 85-96
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.12.008
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Prichard, Susan J.
Originator: Ottmar, Roger D.
Originator: nderson, Gary K.
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
Consume 3.0 user’s guide
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Other_Citation_Details:
234 pp.
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/fera/research/smoke/consume/consume30_users_guide.pdf
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Lutes, Duncan C.
Publication_Date: 2016
Title:
FOFEM: First Order Fire Effects Model v6.3 User Guide
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Other_Citation_Details:
81 pp.
Online_Linkage: https://www.firelab.org/project/fofem
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Ruefenacht, B.
Originator: Finco, M. V.
Originator: Nelson, M. D.
Originator: Czaplewski, R.
Originator: Helmer, E. H.
Originator: Blackard, J. A.
Originator: Holden, G. R.
Originator: Lister, A. J.
Originator: Salajanu, D.
Originator: Weyermann, D.
Originator: Winterberger, K.
Publication_Date: 2008
Title:
Conterminous U.S. and Alaska forest Type mapping using forest inventory and analysis data
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing
Issue_Identification: 74(11): 1379-1388
Other_Citation_Details:
10 p.
Online_Linkage: https://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/19002
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.74.11.1379
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Reeves, Matt C.
Originator: Mitchell, John E.
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Extent of coterminous US rangelands: quantifying implications of differing agency perspectives
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Rangeland Ecology and Management
Issue_Identification: 64: 585-597
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-11-00035.1
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2011
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Ground Condition
Source_Contribution:
The land cover map used to assign cover type and fuel loading to burned pixels was based on the CONUS Forest Type Group map of the USDA Forest Service National Forest Type Dataset and a shrub and grassland vegetation (rangeland) map developed by the USFS Missoula Forestry Sciences Laboratory.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program and the Remote Sensing Applications Center (RSAC)
Publication_Date: 2008
Title:
CONUS Forest Type Group
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Online_Linkage: https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/rastergateway/forest_type/
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2011
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Ground Condition
Source_Contribution:
The land cover map used to assign cover type and fuel loading to burned pixels was based on the CONUS Forest Type Group map of the USDA Forest Service National Forest Type Dataset and a shrub and grassland vegetation (rangeland) map developed by the USFS Missoula Forestry Sciences Laboratory.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: USDA Forest Service
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title:
Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) fire boundaries
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
Online_Linkage: https://www.mtbs.gov/direct-download
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1984
Ending_Date: 2015
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
MTBS
Source_Contribution:
MTBS data (2003-2015) was used to extract potentially burned pixels. The MTBS Fire ID attribute was used to aggregate burned pixels by fire event and to filter the FOD point dataset to avoid double counting of fires.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Giglio, Louis
Originator: Loboda, Tatiana
Originator: Roy, David P.
Originator: Quayle, Brad
Originator: Justice, Christopher O.
Publication_Date: 2009
Title:
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 5.1 active-fire based Direct Broadcast Monthly Burned Area Product MCD64A1 (MCD64)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
Online_Linkage: http://modis-fire.umd.edu/pages/ActiveFire.php?target=GetData
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2000
Ending_Date: 2016
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
MCD64A1
Source_Contribution:
MCD64 is a nominally daily product and provides an estimated burn date which was assigned to MFLEI pixels identified as burned by the MCD64 product.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: USGS, Geospatial Multi-Agency Coordination
Originator: Wildland Fire Incidents
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title:
GEOMAC: Geospatial Multi-Agency Coordination Group, Wildland Fire Support, Services and Data
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Online_Linkage: https://www.geomac.gov/
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2000
Ending_Date: 2016
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
GeoMAC
Source_Contribution:
Final fire perimeters from the GEOMAC dataset were checked against the MTBS fire boundaries using the products’ fire name attributes to remove GEOMAC perimeters for fires in the MTBS dataset.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Short, Karen C.
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:
Spatial wildfire occurrence data for the United States, 1992-2015 [FPA_FOD_20170508]
Edition: 4th
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data and database
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2013-0009.4
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1992
Ending_Date: 2015
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
FOD
Source_Contribution:
We used the FOD dataset to capture fires not included in the MTBS, GEOMAC, or MCD64 datasets. We filtered the FOD dataset for fires contained in either the MTBS or GEOMAC datasets using the MTBS incident identifier (MTBS) or the fire name and fire code attributes from the datasets (GEOMAC).
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: USDA Forest Service, Remote Sensing Applications Center
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:
MODIS Active Fire Detections (MCD14) for the CONUS
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Online_Linkage: https://fsapps.nwcg.gov/afm/gisdata.php
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2003
Ending_Date: 2015
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
MCD14
Source_Contribution:
Pixels identified as burned by the MTBS, GEOMAC, or FOD datasets were assigned an estimated burn date based on the MCD64 and MODIS active fire detections (MCD14) using methods described in the accompanying data document.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: USDA Forest Service, Remote Sensing Applications Center
Publication_Date: 2015
Title:
VIIRS I-band Active Fire Detections for the CONUS
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Online_Linkage: https://fsapps.nwcg.gov/afm/gisdata.php
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 2014
Ending_Date: 2015
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Ground Condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
VIIRS
Source_Contribution:
Pixels identified as burned by the MTBS, GEOMAC, or FOD datasets were assigned an estimated burn date based on the MCD64, MODIS active fire detections (MCD14), and VIIRS I-band active fire detections using methods described in the accompanying data document.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
See Methods section above for details.
Process_Date: Unknown
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Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
Row_Count: 11659
Column_Count: 18494
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Map_Projection_Name: NAD 1983 Albers
Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:
Standard_Parallel: 29.5
Standard_Parallel: 45.5
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96.0
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23.0
False_Easting: 0.0
False_Northing: 0.0
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 0.0000000037527980722984474
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.0000000037527980722984474
Planar_Distance_Units: meter
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: D North American 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: HerbCV
Entity_Type_Definition:
Raster map of the coefficient of variation of the herbaceous fuel loading as percent. Value of zero for non-herbaceous pixels.
Entity_Type_Definition_Source:
USDA Forest Service Researchers
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 175
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Percent
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: LandCover
Entity_Type_Definition:
Raster map of herbaceous, shrub, and forest type groups (FIA).
Entity_Type_Definition_Source:
USDA Forest Service Researchers
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: -99
Range_Domain_Maximum: 990
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Code and cover type description:
-99=unmapped
1=herbaceous
2=shrub / scrub
100=White / red / jack pine group
120=Spruce / fir group
140=Longleaf / slash pine group
150=Tropical softwoods group
160=Loblolly / shortleaf pine group
170=Other eastern softwoods group
180=Pinyon / juniper group
200=Douglas-fir group
220=Ponderosa pine group
240=Western white pine group
260=Fir / spruce / mountain hemlock group
280=Lodgepole pine group
300=Hemlock / Sitka spruce group
320=Western larch group
340=Redwood group
360=Other western softwoods group
370=California mixed conifer group
380=Exotic softwoods group
390=Other softwoods group
400=Oak / pine group
500=Oak / hickory group
600=Oak / gum / cypress group
700=Elm / ash / cottonwood group
800=Maple / beech / birch group
900=Aspen / birch group
910=Alder / maple group
920=Western oak group
940=Tanoak / laurel group
950=retired (Other western hardwoods group)
960=Other hardwoods group
970=Woodland hardwoods group
980=Tropical hardwoods group
990=Exotic hardwoods group
999=Nonstocked
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Rangeland_avg
Entity_Type_Definition:
Raster map of the best estimate of herbaceous or shrub fuel loading (depending pixel land cover in land cover raster). Shrub fuel loading includes live fuels in the 1 hour, 10 hour, and 100 hour time-lag size classes. (See Urbanski et al., 2017 for size class definitions).
Entity_Type_Definition_Source:
USDA Forest Service Researchers
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 46659
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Pounds per acre
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Rangeland_min
Entity_Type_Definition:
Raster map of the lower bound estimate of shrub fuel loading. Shrub fuel loading includes live fuels in the 1 hour, 10 hour, and 100 hour time-lag size classes. (See Urbanski et al., 2017 for size class definitions). Value of 0 for non-shrub pixels.
Entity_Type_Definition_Source:
USDA Forest Service Researchers
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 35737
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Pounds per acre
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: Rangeland_max
Entity_Type_Definition:
Raster map of the upper bound estimate of shrub fuel loading. Shrub fuel loading includes live fuels in the 1 hour, 10 hour, and hour time-lag size classes. (See Urbanski et al., 2017 for size class definitions). Value of 0 for non-shrub pixels.
Entity_Type_Definition_Source:
USDA Forest Service Researchers
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 0
Range_Domain_Maximum: 57442
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Pounds per acre
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
This data publication contains raster grid files and comma-delimited ASCII text files. Below you will find a complete description of each.

ASCII TEXT DATA FILES

Unit acronym definitions used in documentation:
km = kilometers
CO = carbon monoxide
CO2 = carbon dioxide
CH4 = methane
PM2.5 = atmospheric particulate matter (PM) that have a diameter less than 2.5 micrometers


\Data\emissions_10km_*YYYY*.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text files (13) containing domain wide emissions for CONUS for each individual year (*YYYY*) from 2003-2015. The emissions files provide estimated emissions and uncertainties for CO2, CO, CH4, and PM2.5, pre-fire fuel load, fuel load consumed, and day burned for 10 kilometer (km) x 10 km grid cells.

\Data\emissions_10km_yyyy_format.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing a description of the format, variable names, units, and variable description for the emission files: emissions_10km_*YYYY*.csv files.


\Data\emissions_*YYYY*.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text files (13) containing domain wide emissions for CONUS for each individual year (*YYYY*) from 2003-2015. The emissions files provide an estimated emission intensity for CO2, CO, CH4, and PM2.5 (grams per square meter per day [g m-2 day-1]), pre-fire fuel load (g m-2), fuel load consumed (g m-2 day-1), area burned, and day burned for each MFLEI pixel.

\Data\emissions_yyyy_format.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing a description of the format, variable names, units, and variable description for the emission files: emissions_*YYYY*.csv files.


\Data\emissions_ uncertainty_*YYYY*.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text files (13) containing emissions uncertainty for CONUS for each individual year (*YYYY*) from 2003-2015.

\Data\emissions_uncertainty_yyyy_format.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing a description of the format, variable names, units, and variable description for the emission uncertainty files: emissions_uncertainty_*YYYY*.csv files.



RASTER DATA FILES
(described in more detail in the Entity and Attributes detailed section)

\Data\Spatial\HerbCV: Raster dataset (ArcGIS) containing a raster map of the coefficient of variation of the herbaceous fuel loading as percent. Value of zero for non-herbaceous pixels.

\Data\Spatial\LandCover: Raster dataset (ArcGIS) containing a raster map of herbaceous, shrub, and forest type groups (FIA).

\Data\Spatial\Rangeland_avg: Raster dataset (ArcGIS) containing a raster map of the best estimate herbaceous or shrub fuel loading (depending pixel land cover in land cover raster). Shrub fuel loading includes live fuels in the 1 hour, 10 hour, and 100 hour time-lag size classes. (See Urbanski et al., 2017 for size class definitions).

\Data\Spatial\Rangeland_min: Raster dataset (ArcGIS) containing a raster map of the lower bound estimate of shrub fuel loading. Shrub fuel loading includes live fuels in the 1 hour, 10 hour, and 100 hour time-lag size classes. (See Urbanski et al., 2017 for size class definitions). Value of 0 for non-shrub pixels.

\Data\Spatial\Rangeland_max: Raster dataset (ArcGIS) containing a raster map of the upper bound estimate of shrub fuel loading. Shrub fuel loading includes live fuels in the 1 hour, 10 hour, and hour time-lag size classes. (See Urbanski et al., 2017 for size class definitions). Value of 0 for non-shrub pixels.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Urbanski, Shawn P; Reeves, Matt C.; Corley, Rachel E; Hao, Wei Min; Silverstein, Robin P. 2017. Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI) for CONUS:Dataset Documentation. (Included in the full data publication download \Supplements\MFLEI_Dataset_Document.pdf.)
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
SUPPLEMENTAL FILES

Unit acronym definitions used in documentation:
cm = centimeters
km2 = square kilometers

\Supplements\BurnDayDist.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing empirical burn day distribution used in the assignment of pixel burn dates.

\Supplements\BurnDayDist_format.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing a description of the format, variable names, units, and variable description for the file BurnDayDist.csv.


\Supplements\Fuel_Load_Plot_Data.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing forest surface fuel loading data.

\Supplements\Fuel_Load_Plot_Data_format.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing a description of the format, variable names, units, and variable description for the file Fuel_Load_Plot_Data.csv.


\Supplements\MFLEI_Dataset_Document.pdf: Adobe Acrobat PDF/a file containing the document "Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI) for CONUS: Dataset documentation" by Shawn P. Urbanski, Matt C. Reeves, Rachel E. Corley, Wei Min Hao, Robin P. Silverstein.


\Supplements\Understory_Fuel_Dist.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing forest understory fuel loading distributions.

\Supplements\Understory_Fuel_Dist_format.csv Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing a description of the format, variable names, units, and variable description for the file Understory_Fuel_Dist.csv.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Urbanski, Shawn P; Reeves, Matt C.; Corley, Rachel E; Hao, Wei Min; Silverstein, Robin P. 2017. Missoula Fire Lab Emission Inventory (MFLEI) for CONUS:Dataset Documentation. (Included in the full data publication download \Supplements\MFLEI_Dataset_Document.pdf.)
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development
Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Instructions
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of January 2018. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Resource_Description: RDS-2017-0039
Distribution_Liability:
Metadata documents have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise stated, all data and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, neither the author, the Archive, nor any part of the federal government can assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed for a user's application of these data or related materials.

The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ASCII
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Comma-delimited ASCII text file (CSV)
File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with Winzip 14.0
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2017-0039
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: GRID
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
ESRI GRID file
File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with Winzip 14.0
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2017-0039
Fees: None
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20180109
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Shawn P. Urbanski
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station
Contact_Position: Research Physical Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: Fire Sciences Laboratory
Address: 5775 W US Highway 10
City: Missoula
State_or_Province: MT
Postal_Code: 59808
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 406-329-4829
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: surbanski@fs.fed.us
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
Metadata_Security_Information:
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