Mountain pine beetle-caused mortality in thinned and unthinned ponderosa pine stands in the Black Hills, USA

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Negron, Jose F.
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
Mountain pine beetle-caused mortality in thinned and unthinned ponderosa pine stands in the Black Hills, USA
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0010
Description:
Abstract:
This data publication includes data collected in support of a study to evaluate whether stand density reductions in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) stands in the Black Hills National Forest of South Dakota and Wyoming resulted in reduced tree mortality levels caused by the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) (Negron et al. 2017). Data were collected in the summer of 2014 in 21 pairs of commercially thinned and unthinned stands. Tree species, diameter at breast height, and tree condition were recorded.
Purpose:
Thinnings through vegetation management are predicated to be the most effective long-term strategy for reducing mortality levels to bark beetles. The plurality of the data comes from small plots and data are lacking evaluating effectiveness in large stands and across a large landscape. When managing large landscapes, managers often ask “Are we doing any good with these thinnings to reduce susceptibility to bark beetle?"
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 201405
Ending_Date: 201408
Currentness_Reference:
Ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As Needed
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
This study was conducted in the Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming.
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -104.05496
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -103.33723
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.56428
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.56428
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: biota
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
Theme_Keyword: Forest & Plant Health
Theme_Keyword: Insects
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Dendroctonus ponderosae
Theme_Keyword: Pinus ponderosa
Theme_Keyword: bark beetles
Theme_Keyword: silviculture
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: South Dakota
Place_Keyword: Wyoming
Place_Keyword: Black Hills National Forest
Taxonomy:
Taxonomic_System:
Classification_System/Authority:
Classification_System_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: ITIS
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
Other_Citation_Details:
Retrieved [January, 16, 2020]
Online_Linkage: https://www.itis.gov
Taxonomic_Procedures:
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Empire
Taxon_Rank_Value: Biovitae
Applicable_Common_Name: Carbon-based lifeforms
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Plantae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: SubKingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Viridiplantae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Streptophyta
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superdivision
Taxon_Rank_Value: Embryophyta
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Division
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tracheophyta
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subdivision
Taxon_Rank_Value: Spermatophytina
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinopsida
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinidae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinaceae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinus
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinus ponderosa
Applicable_Common_Name: ponderosa pine
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Picea
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Picea glauca
Applicable_Common_Name: white spruce
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnoliopsida
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superorder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Rosanae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Fagales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Betulaceae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Betula
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Betula papyrifera
Applicable_Common_Name: paper birch
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Fagaceae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Quercus
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Quercus macrocarpa
Applicable_Common_Name: bur oak
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Malpighiales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Salicaceae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Populus
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Populus tremuloides
Applicable_Common_Name: quaking aspen
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Animalia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: SubKingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Bilateria
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Protostomia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ecdysozoa
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Phylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Arthropoda
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subphylum
Taxon_Rank_Value: Hexapoda
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Insecta
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pterygota
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Neoptera
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superorder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Holometabola
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Coleoptera
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Suborder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Polyphaga
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infraorder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Cucujiformia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superfamily
Taxon_Rank_Value: Curculionoidea
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Curculionidae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: SubFamily
Taxon_Rank_Value: Scolytinae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Dendroctonus
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Dendroctonus ponderosae
Applicable_Common_Name: mountain pine beetle
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

Negron, Jose F. 2020. Mountain pine beetle-caused mortality in thinned and unthinned ponderosa pine stands in the Black Hills, USA. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0010
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station
Contact_Person: Jose F. Negron
Contact_Position: Research Entomologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 970-498-1252
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jose.negron@usda.gov
Data_Set_Credit:
This project was funded by the USDA Forest Service (USFS) Black Hills National Forest, USFS Forest Health (Region 2), and the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station.
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Negron, Jose F.
Originator: Allen, Kurt K.
Originator: Ambourn, Angie
Originator: Cook, Blaine
Originator: Marchand, Kenneth
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:
Large-scale thinnings, ponderosa pine, and mountain pine beetle in the Black Hills, USA
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Forest Science
Issue_Identification: 63: 529-236
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5849/FS-2016-061
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/54526
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Target tree species was ponderosa pine which is easily identifiable and comprised 93% of the trees sampled. Sample trees were those “in” trees as determined by a 20 basal area factor prism. Diameter at breast height was measured with a tree diameter tape at 1.4 meters (m) above the ground. These are standard forestry mensuration techniques that yield reliable measurements when properly used. Mountain pine beetle-killed trees are easily identifiable by signs of attack such as pitch tubes, boring dust in bark crevices and on the ground, and insect constructed galleries under the bark. These standard techniques and identification methods render data collection very reliable. The most common source of error is for the data recorder person to not hear the information correctly but this is mitigated by voicing the information back to the sampler. There is always the possibility if incorrect recording of information on the data sheets.

Prior to data processing, data were checked for accuracy by both the scientist and support staff.
Completeness_Report:
Goal was to establish 9 plots per stand. On a few occasions a lower number of plots were established due to logistical constraints.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:
STUDY DESIGN
Twenty-one thinned stands were selected from the Black Hills National Forest (BHNF) resource inventory database (via personal communication with BHNF). Thinned stands were treated within 10 years of sampling. Stands were even-aged, at least 25 acres (10 hectares) in size and managed with the same silvicultural prescription. Prescription aimed for a postthinning basal area of 40–70 square feet per acre (9.2–16.1 square meters per hectare) while maintaining equal spacing as much as possible and with minimal clumps remaining. All removals consisted of sawtimber-sized trees ≥ 9 inches. The mean number of years from thinning to measurement was 4.8 ± 0.5 and ranged from 2 to 9. The mean number of years from mountain pine beetle (MPB) exposure to treatment was 1.6 ± 0.1 with all stands thinned within 2 years after exposure to beetles. Each thinned stand was paired with an adjacent unthinned stand within 0.25 miles (400 m). Thinning took place during an active MPB epidemic that started in the late 1990s, peaked in 2003, and was ongoing at the time sampling was completed. There was an attempt to delineate unthinned stands to be about the same size as the thinned stands, but this was not always feasible. Within each of these thinned and unthinned stands a series of 9 randomly selected points were selected using geographic information system (GIS) methods. Waypoints were uploaded to a global positioning system (GPS) and points located on the ground.

DATA MEASUREMENTS
At each of the 9 randomly selected points a variable radius plot was sampled (taken with a prism with a Basal Area Factor of 20 U.S. customary units). For every tree in each plot the species, diameter at breast height, and condition (live, mountain-pine beetle-killed, other dead) were recorded.

See Negron et al. (2017) for more details.
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Negron, Jose F.
Originator: Allen, Kurt K.
Originator: Ambourn, Angie
Originator: Cook, Blaine
Originator: Marchand, Kenneth
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:
Large-scale thinnings, ponderosa pine, and mountain pine beetle in the Black Hills, USA
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Forest Science
Issue_Identification: 63: 529-236
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5849/FS-2016-061
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/54526
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
No process steps have been described for this data set
Process_Date: Unknown
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Below you will find a complete description of the files available in this data publication.

\Data\BlackHills_tree_data.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing ponderosa pine tree data from thinned and unthinned stands exposed to a large mountain pine beetle outbreak.

Variables include:

NAME = short name of stand (ALO1 = Allens' Overlook 1; ALO2 = Allens' Overlook 2; BELO = Bearlodge; BLSL = BL Stateline; BLVN = BL Very North; HCCE = HC Custer east; MYBC = my bobcat; MYBH = MY Bald Hills; MYCN = MY Castle north; MYCS = MY Castle south; NHCE = NH Custer Peak east; NHEF = NH experimental forest; NHNW = NH northwest; NHRM = NH Rochford minnex; NHS1 = Nh little spearfish 1; NHS2 = Nh little spear fish 2; NHSB = Nh stage barn; NHVP = NH veteran peak; NONA = no name; RDF1 = Red fern 1; and RDF2 = Red fern 2). Note: The genesis of these names relate to common names of geographical areas within the Black Hills and are used here as identifiers.

STANDTYPE = type of stand (trt = thinned stand; notrt = unthinned stand)

PLOT = sequential number of plots
Additional plot information: for stands BELO, BLSL, HCCE, MYBC, MYBH, MYCS, NHCE, NHEF, NHNW, NHRM, NHS1, NHSB, and NHVP plots 1-9 are TRT and plots 10-18 are NOTRT; for BLNV plots 1-6, 8, 9, are TRT and 11-18 are NOTRT; for MYCN plots 1, 2, and 5-9 are TRT (missing plots 3 and 4) and 10-13, 16-18 are NOTRT (missing plots 14 and 15); for NHS2 plots 19-27 are TRT and plots 28-36 are NOTRT; for NONA plots 2-9 are TRT and 10-17 are NOTRT (there was a plot 1 but could not tell from data sheet if it was treated or not so was excluded and there was no plot 18); for AOL1 plots 19-27 are TRT and plots 28-36 are NOTRT; for AOL2 plots 37-45 are TRT and plots 46-54 are NOTRT; for RDF1 and RDF2 numbers reversed, that is, for RDF1 plots 1-9 are NOTRT and plots 10-18 are TRT and for RDF2 plots 19-27 are NOTRT and plots 28-36 are TRT

TREE = sequential number of tree in plot

SPP = tree species (PIPO = Pinus ponderosa [ponderosa pine]; BEPA = Betula papyrifera [paper birch]; PIGL = Picea glauca [white spruce]; POTR = Populus tremuloides [aspen]; QUMA = Quercus macrocarpa [bur oak]; XXXX = plot with no trees

STATUSMBP = tree condition (0 = plot with no trees; 1 = live tree; 3 = mountain pine beetle-killed tree; 4 = dead other; note code 2 not used – when data was originally collected currently successfully attacked trees were coded as “2” but for analysis purposes since these trees were dead so they were recoded to “3”)

DBH = diameter at breast height in inches
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Negron, Jose F.; Allen, Kurt K.; Ambourn, Angie; Cook, Blaine; Marchand, Kenneth. 2017. Large-scale thinning, ponderosa pine, and mountain pine beetle in the Black Hills, USA. Forest Science 63: 529-236. https://doi.org/10.5849/FS-2016-061
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development
Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Instructions
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of February 2020. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Resource_Description: RDS-2020-0010
Distribution_Liability:
Metadata documents have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise stated, all data and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, neither the author, the Archive, nor any part of the federal government can assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed for a user's application of these data or related materials.

The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ASCII
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Comma-delimited ASCII text file (CSV)
File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with 7-Zip 19.00
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0010
Fees: None
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20200211
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station
Contact_Person: Jose F. Negron
Contact_Position: Research Entomologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 970-498-1252
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jose.negron@usda.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
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