Soil respiration and climate data from El Tallonal in Arecibo, Puerto Rico (2011-2014)

Metadata:

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

INSTRUMENTATION - LiCOR 8100 Infrared Gas Analyzer (IRGA)
For detailed information about the LiCOR 8100 Infrared Gas Analyzer including instrument specifications and accuracy please refer to the LiCOR 8100 manual.PDF: \Supplements\LiCOR8100and8150Manual.pdf.

INSTRUMENTATION - LiCOR 8150 Multiplexer
For detailed information about the LiCOR 8150 Multiplexer including instrument specifications and accuracy please refer to the LiCOR 8150 manual: \Supplements\LiCOR8100and8150Manual.pdf.

INSTRUMENTATION - Onset Computers TMC-50HD Soil Temperature Sensor
For detailed information about the TMC-50HD sensor including instrument specifications and accuracy please refer to the TMC-50HD manual: \Supplements\TMC-50HDManual.pdf.

INSTRUMENTATION - Onset Computers S-SMD-M005 Volumetric Water Content Sensor
For detailed information about the S-SMD-M005 sensor including instrument specifications and accuracy please refer to the S-SMD-M005 manual: \Supplements\S-SMD-M005Manual.pdf.

INSTRUMENTATION - Onset Computers S-THB-M002 Air Temperature and Relative Humidity sensor
For detailed information about the S-THB-M002 sensor including instrument specifications and accuracy please refer to the S-THB-M002 manual: \Supplements\S-THB-M002Manual.pdf.

INSTRUMENTATION - Onset Computers S-LIA-M003 Photosynthetically Active Radiation sensor
For detailed information about the S-LIA-M003 sensor including instrument specifications and accuracy please refer to the S-LIA-M003 manual: \Supplements\S-LIA-M003Manual.pdf.

Completeness_Report:

There is some missing data due to equipment malfunction and other uncontrollable issues (see methods section). “NA” is used to signify missing data.

Lineage:

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Field

Methodology_Description:

STUDY LOCATION

Our study was conducted in El Tallonal, a private natural reserve located in the limestone hills of northern Puerto Rico, in the municipality of Arecibo. The site is classified as a subtropical moist forest according to the Holdridge life zone system, and currently sustains a 60-year old secondary forest. Mean annual temperature is 23 °Celsius (C), with a 4 °C seasonal range of monthly means, usually peaking during July or August and reaching a minimum in January. Mean annual precipitation from 1999 to 2013 was ~2,000 millimeters (mm), with a short dry season typically occurring between December and March, when total monthly precipitation can be less than 100 mm. Throughout the study period, we observed no significant variation in the seasonal pattern of rainfall at our site. Soils are classified as undeveloped humid Oxisols (termed blanket sands), which are derived from the accumulation of volcanic-derived sediment over limestone bedrock. Accordingly, surface soils (0 cm to 10 cm) are slightly acidic (pH in KCl = 5.7, pH in H2O = 6.5), with high aluminum and iron content. Surface soils (0 cm to 10 cm) have soil carbon and nitrogen contents of 4.38 % and 0.43 %, respectively, while soil particle composition (i.e., soil texture) is 39%, 26%, 35% sand, silt, and clay, respectively.

The study area is approximately 1 kilometer (km) northeast of El Verde Field Station in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, located at 18°20’ N, 65°49’ W, at an elevation of 419 meters. In the center of the study area are scaffolding towers that were installed in the forest prior to this study to monitor the canopy climate at the site. Climate sensors were located on a 25 m scaffolding tower in the forest. All soil data were collected in a plot surrounding the tower where we placed the six soil respiration chambers (and associated soil temperature and moisture sensors) in a semi-circle.

Methodology_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Gutiérrez del Arroyo, Omar

Publication_Date: 2014

Title:

Soil respiration of a novel subtropical moist forest: from diel to seasonal patterns

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Master's Thesis

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: San Juan, Puerto Rico

Publisher: Universidad de Puerto Rico-Río Piedras

Other_Citation_Details:

85 pp.

Methodology_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Gutiérrez del Arroyo, Omar

Originator: Wood, Tana E.

Publication_Date: Unknown

Title:

Significant diel variation of soil respiration suggests above- and belowground controls in a tropical moist forest in Puerto Rico

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Biogeosciences

Other_Citation_Details:

IN PRESS

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Field

Methodology_Description:

INSTRUMENTATION

Soil Respiration system (LiCOR 8100 IRGA and 8150 Multiplexer):
We measured hourly soil respiration from March 2011 until April 2014 using a Li-Cor LI-8100 infrared gas analyzer, along with an 8150 multiplexer system connected to six automated chambers (Long-Term Chamber 8100-104, Li-Cor Biosciences, Lincoln NE, USA). One month prior to starting our measurements, the six chamber collars (20 cm diameter) were permanently inserted 2 cm to 4 cm into the soil at a mean distance of ~5 m in a semi-circular shape within a ~600-square meter forested area. We were careful to maintain the litter layer in place during chamber installation, and made sure the affected area continued receiving normal inputs of litterfall throughout our study period (i.e., chambers remained open while not measuring). Although relatively uncommon, seedlings that sprouted within the chambers were clipped at the base of their stem to prevent the confounding effects of foliar photosynthesis and respiration.

Soil temperature (TMC-50HD) and soil moisture (S-SMD-M005) sensors:
From November 2012 until April 2014, we collected hourly data from six soil temperature sensors at 5 cm depth and six volumetric soil moisture sensors from 0 cm to 10 cm depth, each within 0.5 m distance of each soil respiration chamber.

Canopy air temperature/relative humidity sensor (S-THB-M002) and PAR sensor (S-LIA-M003):
From January 2013 until April 2014, a 25-m scaffolding tower on-site was equipped with sensors measuring hourly canopy air temperature, RH, and PAR.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

FIELD DATA

Soil Respiration measurements (LiCOR 8100 IRGA and 8150 Multiplexer):
Hourly soil respiration values for each chamber were calculated by the Li-Cor FluxPro software based on the linear or exponential increase in CO2 concentrations during a 1.5-minute period. Occasionally, branches or snails (Caracolus caracolla (L.), which are highly abundant in the forest understory) impeded proper closure of soil respiration chambers during the measurement period, resulting in erroneous rates of soil respiration (i.e., negative and zero fluxes). We identified these data points using field notes and by visual examination of the data, and excluded them from this data package and subsequent statistical analyses (Gutiérrez del Arroyo and Wood, IN PRESS). We also excluded from our analyses all soil respiration values <0 micromole (μmol) CO2 per square meter and second (m-2 s-1). From April 2013 to June 2013, soil respiration was not measured due to necessary maintenance of the LI-8100 infrared gas analyzer (light sensor replacement and recalibration).

Soil temperature (TMC-50HD), soil moisture (S-SMD-M005), canopy air temperature/relative humidity sensor (S-THB-M002), and PAR sensor (S-LIA-M003):
After data collection, any intermittent data indicating sensor or datalogger malfunction were removed. Similar to the soil respiration data, we visually examined the climate data and determined when dataloggers or sensors were not functioning. We also used our field notes to remove data during periods when measurements were not reliable due to issues like power loss or animal interference (i.e., snails in soil respiration chambers).

Process_Date: 2020

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

\Data\ElTallonalHourlyClimate.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing El Tallonal hourly climate values.

Variables included in this data file:

Date = Month/Day/Year

Hour = Hour of day

ST1 = Hourly soil temperature at 5 centimeters (cm) by Chamber 1 (degrees Celsius [°C])

ST2 = Hourly soil temperature at 5 cm by Chamber 2 (°C)

ST3 = Hourly soil temperature at 5 cm by Chamber 3 (°C)

ST4 = Hourly soil temperature at 5 cm by Chamber 4 (°C)

ST5 = Hourly soil temperature at 5 cm by Chamber 5 (°C)

ST6 = Hourly soil temperature at 5 cm by Chamber 6 (°C)

VSM1 = Hourly volumetric soil moisture at 0 to 10 cm by Chamber 1 (cubic meters per cubic meters [m3/m3])

VSM2 = Hourly volumetric soil moisture at 0 to 10 cm by Chamber 2 (m3/m3)

VSM3 = Hourly volumetric soil moisture at 0 to 10 cm by Chamber 3 (m3/m3)

VSM4 = Hourly volumetric soil moisture at 0 to 10 cm by Chamber 4 (m3/m3)

VSM5 = Hourly volumetric soil moisture at 0 to 10 cm by Chamber 5 (m3/m3)

VSM6 = Hourly volumetric soil moisture at 0 to 10 cm by Chamber 6 (m3/m3)

AirTemp = Hourly air temperature at 25 m scaffolding tower (°C)

RelHum = Hourly relative humidity at 25 m scaffolding tower (%)

PAR = Hourly photosynthetically active radiation at 25 m scaffolding tower (micromole per second and square meter [umol m-2 s-1])

"NA" signifies missing data.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

Gutiérrez del Arroyo, Omar; Wood, Tana E. IN PRESS. Significant diel variation of soil respiration suggests above- and belowground controls in a tropical moist forest in Puerto Rico. Biogeosciences

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

\Data\ElTallonalHourlySoilRespiration.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing El Tallonal hourly soil respiration values.

Variables included in this data file:

Date = Month/Day/Year

Hour = Hour of day

SR Chamber 1 = hourly soil respiration from Chamber 1 (micromole of carbon dioxide per second and square meter [umol CO2 m-2 s-1])

SR Chamber 2 = hourly soil respiration from Chamber 2 (umol CO2 m-2 s-1)

SR Chamber 3 = hourly soil respiration from Chamber 3 (umol CO2 m-2 s-1)

SR Chamber 4 = hourly soil respiration from Chamber 4 (umol CO2 m-2 s-1)

SR Chamber 5 = hourly soil respiration from Chamber 5 (umol CO2 m-2 s-1)

SR Chamber 6 = hourly soil respiration from Chamber 6 (umol CO2 m-2 s-1)

“NA” signifies missing data.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

Gutiérrez del Arroyo, Omar; Wood, Tana E. IN PRESS. Significant diel variation of soil respiration suggests above- and belowground controls in a tropical moist forest in Puerto Rico. Biogeosciences

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20200224

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Gary Potts

Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical

Address: Jardín Botánico Sur

Address: 1201 Calle Ceiba

Address: Río Piedras

City: San Juan

State_or_Province: Puerto Rico

Postal_Code: 00926

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 787-764-7149

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gary.potts@usda.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999