Hydrological data and site feature information for a forest clearcutting and residual biomass removal study at the Marcell Experimental Forest

Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: McCarter, Colin P. R.
Originator: Sebestyen, Stephen D.
Originator: Eggert, Susan L.
Originator: Haynes, Kristine M.
Originator: Kolka, Randall K.
Originator: Mitchell, Carl P. J.
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
Hydrological data and site feature information for a forest clearcutting and residual biomass removal study at the Marcell Experimental Forest
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0049
Description:
Abstract:
This data publication contains hydrological and survey data from an experimental manipulation of the forest cover on a north-facing hillslope in the S7 watershed at the Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF) in Balsam Township, Itasca County, Minnesota. The experiment occurred on a north-facing hillslope in the S7 watershed and the hillslope was divided into three equal plots, with two plots being harvested and one plot being left untouched. Measured data include daily water table elevations for two slope positions, daily subsurface runoff, daily, precipitation, daily soils moisture, pipe top and ground survey, and subsurface runoff trench dimensions collected between 2010 and 2013. Calculated data include event runoff ratios, hydraulic gradients between wells, saturated thickness of the sandy loam aquifer, effective hydraulic conductivity, as well as temporally paired treatment ratios between treatment hillslopes and an unharvested control hillslope.
Purpose:
These data were collected as part of a hillslope-scale forestry experiment to determine the effects of residual biomass removal on hillslope hydrology and mercury mobilization. Monitoring occurred from March to November between 2010 and 2013, when the study terminated.
Supplemental_Information:
Original publication date was 09/09/2020. On 09/21/2020, 11/05/2020, and 04/18/2024, minor metadata updates were made.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 201003
Ending_Date: 201311
Currentness_Reference:
Ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
The USDA Forest Service Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF) is an 1140-hectare tract of land located 40 kilometers north of Grand Rapids in Balsam Township, Itasca County, Minnesota, USA. The bounding coordinates provided are the maximum extents of western, eastern, northern, and southern corners of research area in the S7 catchment at the Marcell Experimental Forest.

The north-facing hillslope in the S7 watershed has a mean slope of ~18° that drains into a peatland at the toe of slope. Overstory vegetation consists of sugar maple (Acer saccharum), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), paper birch (Betula papyrifera), and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera). The soils consist of a permeable loess sandy loam overlying a low-permeability Koochiching clay loam till. A map of the S7 hillslope, with pictures showing post-harvest conditions, is included as \Supplements\SiteMapPhotos.jpg.
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -93.470
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -83.469
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 47.522
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 47.521
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: environment
Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
Theme_Keyword: Ecology, Ecosystems, & Environment
Theme_Keyword: Hydrology, watersheds, sedimentation
Theme_Keyword: Landscape ecology
Theme_Keyword: Soil
Theme_Keyword: Forest Products
Theme_Keyword: Bioenergy and biomass
Theme_Keyword: Natural Resource Management & Use
Theme_Keyword: Agroforestry
Theme_Keyword: Forest management
Theme_Keyword: Landscape management
Theme_Keyword: Timber
Theme_Keyword: Water
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: precipitation
Theme_Keyword: runoff
Theme_Keyword: soil moisture
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Marcell Experimental Forest
Place_Keyword: Balsam Township
Place_Keyword: Itasca County
Place_Keyword: Minnesota
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

McCarter, Colin P. R.; Sebestyen, Stephen D.; Eggert, Susan L.; Haynes, Kristine M.; Kolka, Randall K.; Mitchell, Carl P. J. 2020. Hydrological data and site feature information for a forest clearcutting and residual biomass removal study at the Marcell Experimental Forest. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0049
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Stephen Sebestyen
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Contact_Position: Research Hydrologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 1831 Hwy 169 East
City: Grand Rapids
State_or_Province: MN
Postal_Code: 55744
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 218-326-7108
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: stephen.sebestyen@usda.gov
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of original publication date. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: \Supplements\SiteMapPhotos.jpg
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
JPG file containing 1) a map showing the location of the S7 hillslope on the Marcell Experimental Forest; 2) a line drawing showing the layout of the reference plot (Unharvested Control) and two harvested plots (Biomass Left, Biomass Removed) along with the location of the monitoring wells and soil moisture and precipitation stations; and 3) pictures showing the reference plot and the two harvested plots.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPG
Data_Set_Credit:
Funding for this project was provided by the support of the Great Lakes Air Deposition Program (GLAD 2010-7) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (funding reference number 355866-18). The Northern Research Station (NRS) of the USDA Forest Service paid for forest harvesting, and funded the salaries of authors: SDS, SLE, and RKK.

The first author, CPRM, compiled the data.

Deacon Kyllander, Carrie Dorrance, Nate Aspelin, Josh Kragthorpe, Reid Peterson, Leigh Kastenson, Paul Watson, Ross Bentson, Mike Palmer, Doris Nelson, Nicole King, Gerrard Graves, Donna Olson, and Anne Timm (NRS), and Jeromie Geroatte and Stephen Stalheim of the U.S. Job Corps assisted with field work.

Maxwell Mazur and KMH (University of Toronto) led some of the field work and initial data compilation.

Mr. Dwight Streblow (NRS, retired, an independent forestry contractor at the time of the study) harvested the plots during 2012.

The photos in \Supplements\SiteMapPhotos.jpg were taken SLE or SDS (USDA Forest Service).
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: McCarter, Colin P. R.
Originator: Sebestyen, Stephen D.
Originator: Eggert, Susan L.
Originator: Kolka, Randall K.
Originator: Mitchell, Carl P. J.
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
Changes in hillslope hydrology in a perched, shallow soil system due to clearcutting and residual biomass removal
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Hydrological Processes
Issue_Identification: 34(6): 5354-5369
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13948
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/61505
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: McCarter, Colin P. R.
Originator: Sebestyen, Stephen D.
Originator: Eggert, Susan L.
Originator: Kolka, Randall K.
Originator: Mitchell, Carl P. J.
Publication_Date: 2021
Title:
Differential subsurface mobilization of ambient mercury and isotopically enriched mercury tracers in a harvested and residue harvested hardwood forest in northern Minnesota
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Biogeochemistry
Issue_Identification: 154: 119–138
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00801-y
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/62459
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Mazur, M.
Originator: Mitchell, Carl P. J.
Originator: Eckley, C. S.
Originator: Eggert, Susan L.
Originator: Kolka, Randall K.
Originator: Sebestyen, Stephen D.
Originator: Swain, E. B.
Publication_Date: 2014
Title:
Gaseous mercury fluxes from forest soils in response to forest harvesting intensity: A field manipulation experiment
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Science of The Total Environment
Issue_Identification: 496: 678-687
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.058
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/46826
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Haynes, Kristine M.
Originator: Mitchell, Carl P. J.
Publication_Date: 2013
Title:
Inter-annual and spatial variability in hillslope runoff and mercury flux during spring snowmelt
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Journal of Environmental Monitoring
Issue_Identification: 14(8): 2083-2091
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1039/C2EM30267E
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Tavshunsky, Ilana
Originator: Eggert, Susan L.
Originator: Mitchell, Carl P. J.
Publication_Date: 2017
Title:
Accumulation of ethylmercury in invertebrates and masked shrews (Sorex cinereus) at an upland forest–peatland interface in northern Minnesota
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Issue_Identification: 99(6): 673-678
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-017-2198-z
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/57210
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Runoff was measured in 0.120 liter increments with an accuracy of ±2.0% at 25-500 millimeters/hour (mm/hr) and ±1.0% at 1-25 mm/hr per tip of the tipping bucket mechanism.

Runoff was measured in 0.120 liter increments with an accuracy of ±2.0% at 25-500 mm/hr and ±1.0% at 1-25 mm/hr per tip of the tipping bucket mechanism.

Rainfall was measured in 0.2 mm increments with an accuracy of ±2.0% per tip of the tipping bucket.

Water levels were measured in 0.14 centimeter (cm) increments with an accuracy ±0.3 cm.

Barometric pressure was measured in 0.1 mbar increments with an accuracy of ±3.0 mbar.

Soil moisture was measured in 0.0007 cm³ cm⁻³ increments with an accuracy of ±0.031 cm³ cm⁻³.

Well elevations were measured with a total station with an accuracy of 3 mm ±2 parts per million (ppm).

See methodology section and variable descriptions for more information.
Completeness_Report:
Missing or omitted data are recorded as blank cells. See variable descriptions for complete details.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:
STUDY DESIGN

The Marcell Experimental Forest is located in a sub-humid continental climate with an average daily temperature of 4.2°Celsius and annual precipitation of approximately 780 millimeters (mm), of which 156 – 195 millimeters (mm) falls as snow (Sebestyen et al. 2011). The hillslope overstory vegetation, prior to harvest, was primarily comprised of sugar maple (Acer saccharum), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), paper birch (Betula papyrifera), and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera). The study site has a mean slope of approximately 18° and mean slope length (ridge to peatland) of approximately 55 meters (m). The organic horizon in the soil profile is relatively shallow (generally > 2 centimeters [cm]) with little year-to-year litter persistence. Soils are composed of an upper, permeable loess sandy loam horizon with a mean depth of 50 ± 27 cm over a low-permeability Koochiching clay loam till. The hillslope was delineated into three adjacent hillslope plots (Biomass Removed hillslope, Biomass Left hillslope, and Unharvested Control hillslope), each draining through a separate runoff trench that collected subsurface runoff at the toe slope landscape position.

The experimental design follows a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) approach wherein all hillslopes were simultaneously monitored for nearly two years (March 2010 through March 2012) before any harvest, and again for approximately 1.75 years after harvest (March 2012 through November 2013). In March 2012, two of the three hillslopes were mechanically clearcut over frozen soils with relatively shallow snow cover. One forested plot was maintained as the Unharvested Control hillslope. On one of the harvested hillslope areas, approximately 85% of residual biomass was removed both by machine and then additionally by hand after forest harvesting (Biomass Removed). Residual biomass was left on the forest floor at the other harvested hillslope (Biomass Left). There is a picture of the reference plot and the two harvested plots included in \Supplements\SiteMapPhotos.jpg.
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Sebestyen, Stephen D.
Originator: Sebestyen, Stephen D.
Originator: Dorrance, Carrie
Originator: Olson, Donna M.
Originator: Verry, Elon S.
Originator: Kolka, Randall K.
Originator: Elling, Art E.
Originator: Kyllander, Richard
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Peatland biogeochemistry and watershed hydrology at the Marcell Experimental Forest
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: book chapter
Other_Citation_Details:
pages 15-71
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/37979
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kolka, Randall K. (ed.)
Originator: Sebestyen, Stephen D. (ed.)
Originator: Verry, Elon S. (ed.)
Originator: Brooks,Kenneth N. (ed.)
Publication_Date: 2011
Title:
Peatland biogeochemistry and watershed hydrology at the Marcell Experimental Forest
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: book
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Boca Raton, FL
Publisher: CRC Press
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:
DATA COLLECTION

In 2009, three throughflow trenches (approximately 20 m apart) were constructed on the north-facing upland hillslope of the S7 catchment at the USDA Forest Service Marcell Experimental Forest in northern Minnesota. The trenches were 10 m wide and V-shaped. A perforated drainage pipe was laid along the bottom of each trench and connected in a Y-junction to 5 cm diameter PVC pipe that connected to a large (0.120 liter [L]) tipping-bucket style flow meter (Meter Environment, Tipping Counter KIPP100, München, Germany). Each trench was half back-filled with washed pea gravel, with the remainder of the trench back-filled with native soil. A small heated shelter was constructed around the tipping bucket flowmeter to prevent nighttime freezing during the spring and fall. The contributing area of each trench was determined by Haynes and Mitchell (2012) using the elevation of the underlying impermeable Koochiching clay loam till.

All instrumentation was installed in 2009 and monitored between 2010 and 2013, typically from early April to November. Perched water table positions and hydraulic gradients were measured using six wells screened along their belowground lengths and installed to the interface of a loess sandy loam horizon and a clay loam horizon. Two wells were installed in each plot, one upslope and one downslope at the runoff trench. A datalogging (15-minute intervals) pressure transducer (0.14 ±0.3 cm, Onset Hobo, U20-03, Borne, MA) was installed in each well and corrected for changes in barometric pressure (0.1 ±3.0 mbar) using records from a digital barometer (Onset Hobo, S-BPB-CM50, Borne, MA) located onsite. Wells were surveyed annually using a laser-sighted total station. Soil moisture (0.0007 ±0.031) was measured at 15-minute intervals at the midslope of each plot using EC5 soil moisture sensors (Decagon Devices, Pullman, WA) installed approximately 5 cm above the impermeable Koochiching clay loam.

Rainfall was recorded in the middle of the site, in the plot that was harvested in a conventional clearcut during 2012. Rainfall (0.2 mm ±2.0%) was measured using a tipping bucket rain gauge (Hydrological Services, TB3 Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge, Lake Worth, FL) recoding total tips every 15 minutes on a Hobo Pendant Event Logger (UA-003-64, Borne, MA). Daily totals were summed from the 15-minute data. The rain gage was under the forest canopy prior to harvesting on the plot and exposed to direct rainfall after forest clearing.

Water Table Calibration

The water table (m bgs; bgs = below ground surface) was determined by taking multiple manual measurements of the water table throughout 2010 and 2011. The manual measured values were linearly correlated with the logged pressure transducer height of water above the sensor at the same time. The resultant regression slope and intercept and coefficient of determination for the different wells were (format = Well ID XXXXXX: slope, intercept, coefficient of determination): Well ID 2283073: -1.03, 1.51, 1.00; Well ID 2283068: -1.32, 1.46, 0.90; Well ID 2283067: -1.03, 1.47, 1.00; Well ID 2283077: -1.00, 1.47, 1.00; Well ID 2283072: -1.08, 1.46, 0.99; Well ID 2283070: -1.02, 1.51, 0.97.

Calculations

The event runoff ratios (ERR) were determined for each rainfall event during the period of hydrological monitoring (May – November) by,

ERR=R_e/P_e Eq.1

where, R_e (mm) is the total event runoff for an event and P_e (mm) is the total liquid rainfall for an event. Runoff events were determined by the onset of rainfall and the end of a runoff event when the change in runoff during the recession limb was either near or at pre-event conditions or the change in runoff was > 0.1 mm day⁻¹ for two consecutive days.

Effective hydraulic conductivity (Keff, m² day⁻¹) was calculated as,

K_eff=Q/iA Eq.2

where, Q is the subsurface runoff collected in each trench (m³ day⁻¹), i is the hydraulic gradient between the upslope and downslope monitoring wells (negative values), and A is the area of the saturated loess sandy loam-till clay loam trench face (m²).

The hydraulic gradient was calculated as,

i=Δh/Δl Eq.3

where, Δh (units of m) is the change in hydraulic head between the upslope and downslope monitoring well in a given treatment block and Δl (units of m) is the change in horizontal distance between the upslope and downslope monitoring well in a given treatment block.

The saturated thickness (st, units of m) of the sandy loam aquifer was determined at the downslope well by,

st=h_tr - h_g - h_wt Eq.4

where, h_tr is the average height of the sandy loam at the trench face (units of m), h_g is the height of the well (units of meters above sea level [m asl]), and h_wt is the absolute height of the water table (units of m asl).

Following Conner et al. (2016), a treatment ratio (TR) was calculated to assess the impact of harvesting and residual biomass removal by,

TR=yi/yUH Eq.5

where, yi is a given measurement for either the Biomass Removed or Biomass Left hillslopes and yUH is the temporally-paired measurement at the Unharvested Control hillslope
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Haynes, Kristine M.
Originator: Mitchell, Carl P.
Publication_Date: 2012
Title:
Inter-annual and spatial variability in hillslope runoff and mercury flux during spring snowmelt
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Journal of Environmental Monitoring
Issue_Identification: 14(8): 2083-2091
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1039/C2EM30267E
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Conner, Mary M.
Originator: Saunders, Carl W.
Originator: Bouwes, Nicolaas
Originator: Jordan, Chris
Publication_Date: 2016
Title:
Evaluating impacts using a BACI design, ratios, and a Bayesian approach with a focus on restoration
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Issue_Identification: 188: 555
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-016-5526-6
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
All physical measurements were recorded on paper and transcribed within 48 hours to a digital format. All logged data were downloaded approximately once a month to a laptop in the field and uploaded to a central storage device soon after download. During the fall when limited personal were available, data downloads were less frequent. Bulk data processing of logged data was completed in HOBOWare (Onset Hobo, Borne, MA), with final quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) performed in Microsoft Excel.
Process_Date: Unknown
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Below you will find a list and description of the files included in this data publication.

DATA FILES (6)

1. \Data\DailyHydroData.csv: Comma-delimited text file containing values of daily precipitation amounts, hillslope runoff amounts during events, runoff ratios, water table elevations at two hillslope positions, the hydraulic gradient between the two hillslope positions, the daily saturated thicknesses at downslope wells, and daily effective hydraulic conductivities of the hillslopes.

Variables include:

Site = Categorical value of Biomass Removed, Biomass Left, and Unharvested Control. Identifies the specific hillslope where the measurements occurred.

Date = Date format of m/dd/yyyy. Date of observation, typically between March and November during any particular year (2010 to 2013).

Precipitation = Continuous variable, with 1 decimal place. Daily total precipitation measured at the Biomass Left site on a precipitation gage. Units of millimeters per day (mm d⁻¹). Blank when no liquid precipitation was recorded.

EventRunoff = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. Area normalized total daily subsurface runoff. Units of mm per day (mm d⁻¹). Blank when no runoff occurred.

RunoffRatio = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. Calculated event runoff ratios (runoff/precipitation) for a given precipitation event. Units of mm per day (mm d⁻¹). Value is blank except for when a runoff event was determined to begin.

UpperWaterTable = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. Daily average water table at the upslope position. Units of meters above mean sea level (m asl). Blank when no data was present due to gaps in logging pressure transducer or the pressure transducer was not installed, typically before the onset of snowmelt.

LowerWaterTable = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. Daily average water table at the downslope position. Units of m above mean sea level (m asl). Blank when no data was present due to gaps in logging pressure transducer or the pressure transducer was not installed, typically before the onset of snowmelt.

Gradient = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. The average daily hydraulic gradient between the upslope and downslope position at each hillslope. Unitless. Blank when one measurement of either the upslope or downslope water table was blank.

SaturatedThickness = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. The average daily calculated saturated thickness at the downslope well, used in the calculation of the HydraulicConductivity. Units of m. Blank when no downslope water table measurement was available.

HydraulicConductivity = Continuous variable in scientific notation, with 1 decimal place. Average daily effective hydraulic conductivity. Units of m per day (m d⁻¹). Blank when no value.



2. \Data\DailySoilMoisture.csv: Comma-delimited text file containing daily soil moisture values at the Biomass Removed and Biomass Left hillslopes.

Variables include:

Date = Date of observation. The date format is mm/dd/yyyy.

Period = Categorical value of BEFORE or AFTER. Treatment period: pre-harvest (2010 and 2011) = BEFORE and post-harvest (2012 and 2013) = AFTER.

BiomassRemoved = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. Volumetric soil moisture at approximately 20 centimeters (cm) below the ground surface at the Biomass Removed Hillslope. Blank when no value to report. Units of cm³ cm⁻³.

BiomassLeft = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. Volumetric soil moisture at approximately 20 cm below the ground surface at the Biomass Left Hillslope. Blank when no value to report. Units of cm³ cm⁻³.



3. \Data\DailyTreatmentRatios.csv: Comma-delimited text file containing daily ratios of runoff amount, water table elevation, hydraulic gradient, and hydraulic conductivity at a treatment hillslope (Biomass Removed or Biomass Left) relative to the Unharvested Control hillslope (treatment ratio, TR).

Variables include:

Date = Date of observation. The date format is m/dd/yyyy.

Period = Categorical value of BEFORE or AFTER. Treatment period: pre-harvest (2010 and 2011) = BEFORE and post-harvest (2012 and 2013) = AFTER.

Treatment = Categorical value of Biomass Removed or Biomass Left. Identifies the specific hillslope where the measurements occurred.

Runoff = Continuous variable, with 3 decimal places. Temporally-paired treatment/control measurements. Unitless. Blank when no data was recorded or a treatment ration (TR) = 0 due to lack of corresponding measurements.

UpperWaterTable = Continuous variable, with 3 decimal places. Ratio of water table elevation at the upslope position (m asl) at the treatment site relative to the control site. Temporally-paired treatment/control measurements. Unitless. Blank when no data was recorded or a TR = 0 due to lack of corresponding measurements.

LowerWaterTable = Continuous variable, with 3 decimal places. Ratio of water table elevation at the downslope position (m asl) at the treatment site relative to the control site. Temporally-paired treatment/control measurements. Unitless. Blank when no data was recorded or a TR = 0 due to lack of corresponding measurements.

HydraulicGradient = Continuous variable, with 3 decimal places. Ratio of hydraulic gradient (from upslope to downslope) at the treatment site relative to the control site. Temporally-paired treatment/control measurements. Unitless. Blank when no data was recorded or a TR = 0 due to lack of corresponding measurements.

HydraulicConductivity = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. Ratio of the effective daily hydraulic conductivity at the treatment site relative to the control site. Temporally-paired treatment/control measurements. Unitless. Blank when no data was recorded or a TR = 0 due to lack of corresponding measurements.



4.\Data\TrenchDimensions.csv: Comma-delimited text file containing soil physical properties and depths at the Biomass Removed, Biomass Left, and Unharvested Control hillslopes.

Variables include:

Treatment = Categorical value of Biomass Removed, Biomass Left, and Unharvested Control. Identifies the specific hillslope where the measurements occurred.

Trench# = Categorical value of Trench1, Trench2, or Trench3. Value assigned with 1 being the eastern-most and 3 being the western-most trench along the hillslope.

Distance = Continuous variable, floating point value, up to 1 decimal place. Linear distance along the trench from the western-most edge. Units of m.

OrganicLayer = Continuous variable, integer. The depth of the organic layer. Units of cm.

SandyLoam = Continuous variable, integer. The depth of the sandy loam layer. Units of cm.

DepthToClay = Continuous variable, floating point value, up to 2 decimal places. The depth of the soil profile above the clay layer. Units of cm.



5. \Data\WaterDepthCalibrations.csv: Comma-delimited text file containing information that was used to calculate daily water table elevations.

Variables include:

WellID = Seven digit unique integer. The serial number of the specific logger in a well.

DepthToWaterTable = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. The measured depth to water table. Units of m.

LoggerDepth = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. The depth of water above the pressure transducer. Units of m. Blank when no corresponding logger measurement was available.



6. \Data\WellAndGroundSurvey.csv: Comma-delimited text file containing geographic coordinates, elevations, and slope distances for the hillslopes and instrumentation on the Biomass Removed, Biomass Left, and unharvested Control hillslopes.

Variables include:

WellID = Seven digit unique integer. The serial number of the specific logger in a well.

Easting = Six digit numerical value with one decimal place. Horizontal distance in units of m from the x-axis 0-m datum of UTM zone 15N in the World Geodetic System (WGS) 84 geographic coordinate system.

Northing = Seven digit numerical value. Vertical distance in units of m from the y-axis 0-m datum of UTM zone 15N in the WGS 84 geographic coordinate system.

Treatment = Categorical value of Biomass Removed, Biomass Left, and Unharvested Control. Identifies the specific hillslope where the measurements occurred.

Elevation = Continuous variable, with 3 decimal places. Elevation relative to the WGS 84 vertical datum. Units of m above mean sea level.

DistanceUpslope = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. The distance between the upslope and downslope wells used in the study. Units of m. Blank when not a downslope well.

WellHeight = Continuous variable, with 2 decimal places. The height of a well above the land surface. Units of m above mean sea level.


SUPPLEMENTAL FILES (1)

1. \Supplements\SiteMapPhotos.jpg: JPG file containing 1) a map showing the location of the S7 hillslope on the Marcell Experimental Forest; 2) a line drawing showing the layout of the reference plot (Unharvested Control) and two harvested plots (Biomass Left, Biomass Removed) along with the location of the monitoring wells and soil moisture and precipitation stations; and 3) pictures showing the reference plot and the two harvested plots.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
none provided
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Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development
Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Instructions
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of April 2024. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Resource_Description: RDS-2020-0049
Distribution_Liability:
Metadata documents have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise stated, all data and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, neither the author, the Archive, nor any part of the federal government can assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed for a user's application of these data or related materials.

The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ASCII
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Comma-delimited ASCII text file (CSV)
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0049
Fees: None
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20240418
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Carl Mitchell
Contact_Organization: University of Toronto Scarborough
Contact_Position: Associate Professor
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences
Address: 21265 Military Trail
City: Scarborough
State_or_Province: Ontario
Postal_Code: M1C 1A4
Country: Canada
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-416-208-2744
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: carl.mitchell@utoronto.ca
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of original publication date. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
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