Historical tree surveys of the Umatilla National Forest
Metadata:
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Identification_Information:
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Citation:
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Citation_Information:
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Originator: Powell, David C.
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Originator: Hanberry, Brice B.
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Publication_Date: 2020
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Title:
Historical tree surveys of the Umatilla National Forest- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
- Publication_Information:
- Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
- Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
- Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0051
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Description:
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Abstract:
- The original public land survey for the Umatilla National Forest was completed primarily between 1879 and 1887. Notes from these General Land Office (GLO) surveys provide the earliest systematically recorded information about species composition for national forest system lands in the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington. Using these historical records we were able to obtain GLO survey point locations as well as tree species and size information for trees found in the survey process. Point locations are included as a shapefile, and trees species and diameter are provided in tabular format.
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Purpose:
- The GLO survey notes serve as a data source for characterizing presettlement vegetation conditions for the Umatilla National Forest.
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Supplemental_Information:
- Data were published on 08/06/2020. On 11/05/2020 the metadata were updated to include reference to the article associated with these data (Hanberry et al. 2020).
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Time_Period_of_Content:
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Time_Period_Information:
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Range_of_Dates/Times:
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Beginning_Date: 1879
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Ending_Date: 1887
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Currentness_Reference:
- Ground condition
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Status:
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Progress: Complete
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Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
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Spatial_Domain:
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Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
- Data were collected in the historical forests of the Umatilla National Forest.
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Bounding_Coordinates:
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West_Bounding_Coordinate: -119.950435
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East_Bounding_Coordinate: -117.218081
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North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.381428
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South_Bounding_Coordinate: 44.623644
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Keywords:
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Theme:
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Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
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Theme_Keyword: biota
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Theme:
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Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
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Theme_Keyword: Ecology, Ecosystems, & Environment
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Theme_Keyword: Environment and People
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Theme_Keyword: Forest & Plant Health
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Theme_Keyword: Inventory, Monitoring, & Analysis
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Theme_Keyword: Natural Resource Management & Use
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Theme:
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Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
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Theme_Keyword: douglas fir
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Theme_Keyword: grand fir
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Theme_Keyword: lodgepole pine
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Theme_Keyword: ponderosa pine
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Place:
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Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
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Place_Keyword: Oregon
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Place_Keyword: Washington
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Place_Keyword: Umatilla National Forest
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Taxonomy:
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Keywords/Taxon:
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Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus:
- None
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Taxonomic_Keywords: multiple species
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Taxonomic_Keywords: plants
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Taxonomic_System:
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Classification_System/Authority:
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Classification_System_Citation:
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Citation_Information:
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Originator: ITIS
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Publication_Date: 2020
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Title:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
- Other_Citation_Details:
- Retrieved [June, 30, 2020]
- Online_Linkage: https://www.ITIS.gov
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Classification_System_Modifications:
- Taxonomy provided is for main species found in this study area.
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Taxonomic_Procedures:
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Plantae
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Applicable_Common_Name: plantes
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Applicable_Common_Name: Planta
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Applicable_Common_Name: Vegetal
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Applicable_Common_Name: plants
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Viridiplantae
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Applicable_Common_Name: green plants
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Streptophyta
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Applicable_Common_Name: land plants
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Superdivision
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Embryophyta
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Division
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Tracheophyta
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Applicable_Common_Name: vascular plants
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Applicable_Common_Name: tracheophytes
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Subdivision
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Spermatophytina
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Applicable_Common_Name: spermatophytes
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Applicable_Common_Name: seed plants
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Applicable_Common_Name: phanérogames
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinopsida
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Applicable_Common_Name: conifers
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinidae
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinales
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Applicable_Common_Name: pines
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinaceae
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Applicable_Common_Name: pines
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Abies
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Applicable_Common_Name: fir
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Abies grandis
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Applicable_Common_Name: white fir
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Applicable_Common_Name: silver fir
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Applicable_Common_Name: giant fir
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Applicable_Common_Name: lowland white fir
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Applicable_Common_Name: yellow fir
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Applicable_Common_Name: grand fir
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinus
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Applicable_Common_Name: pine
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinus contorta
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Applicable_Common_Name: lodgepole pine
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Applicable_Common_Name: scrub pine
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Applicable_Common_Name: shore pine
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Applicable_Common_Name: tamarack pine
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinus ponderosa
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Applicable_Common_Name: ponderosa pine
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Applicable_Common_Name: bull pine
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Applicable_Common_Name: western yellow pine
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Applicable_Common_Name: blackjack pine
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Applicable_Common_Name: pinabete
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Applicable_Common_Name: rock pine
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Pseudotsuga
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Applicable_Common_Name: Douglas-fir
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Pseudotsuga menziesii
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Applicable_Common_Name: red fir
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Applicable_Common_Name: Douglas spruce
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Applicable_Common_Name: Oregon pine
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Applicable_Common_Name: Douglas-fir
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Access_Constraints: None
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Use_Constraints:
- These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:
Powell, David C.; Hanberry, Brice B. 2020. Historical tree surveys of the Umatilla National Forest. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0051
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Point_of_Contact:
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Contact_Information:
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Contact_Person_Primary:
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Contact_Person: Brice Hanberry
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Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station
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Contact_Address:
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Address_Type: mailing and physical
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Address: 8221 Mt. Rushmore Rd.
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City: Rapid City
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State_or_Province: SD
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Postal_Code: 57702
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Country: USA
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Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605-716-2205
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Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:
brice.hanberry@usda.gov
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Data_Set_Credit:
- Funding for this project provided by USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Native_Data_Set_Environment:
- Version 6.2 (Build 9200) ; Esri ArcGIS 10.5.1.7333
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Cross_Reference:
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Citation_Information:
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Originator: Hanberry, Brice B.
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Originator: Justice, Donald C.
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Originator: Powell, David C.
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Publication_Date: 2020
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Title:
Discovering Douglas-fir woodlands in the historical forests of the Umatilla National Forest, eastern Oregon and Washington- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
- Series_Information:
- Series_Name: Forests
- Issue_Identification: 11(10): 1122
- Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3390/f11101122
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Cross_Reference:
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Citation_Information:
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Originator: Powell, David C.
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Publication_Date: 2008
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Title:
Using General Land Office Survey notes to characterize historical vegetation conditions for the Umatilla National Forest- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
- Series_Information:
- Series_Name: White Paper
- Issue_Identification: F14-SO-WP-SILV-41
- Publication_Information:
- Publication_Place: Pendleton, OR
- Publisher: USDA Forest Service: Supervisor’s Office
- Other_Citation_Details:
- (also included in data publication as \Supplements\Powell_2008_fseprd716503.pdf)
- Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/umatilla/home/?cid=stelprdb5210179
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Data_Quality_Information:
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Attribute_Accuracy:
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Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
- Data are as accurate as possible.
It was found that paper printouts from microfiche records could be hard to read. Printing out a hard copy of the GLO database and checking it for inconsistencies and errors, while paying particular attention that the correct legal description was matched to the correct ID number, required several days for a large analysis area such as the Umatilla National Forest.
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Logical_Consistency_Report:
- not applicable
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Completeness_Report:
- The database is complete.
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Lineage:
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Methodology:
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Methodology_Type: Field
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Methodology_Description:
- BACKGROUND - PUBLIC LAND SURVEY
Public land surveys followed a consistent and standardized process when it was used to subdivide lands in western United States. First, an initial starting point was selected. For Oregon and Washington, this starting point is located a short distance west of the city of Portland, Oregon. From this starting point north-south and east-west survey lines were generated. This process of establishing township and range lines resulted in land and water areas being divided into grid cells measuring 6 × 6 miles (36 square miles per cell). Area within each individual six-mile-on-a-side cell is called a township. (See Powell 2008 for more details.)
Tree species and diameter (ostensibly as a diameter at breast height), along with distance and direction to a corner, were provided for up to four bearing trees at each survey line (section) corner and quarter corner (halfway along section; see figure 1 in Powell 2008). If bearing trees were not available, surveyors selected a non-tree reference monument.
In addition to bearing-tree information, surveyors recorded common names and diameters of line trees used to mark a section line between section corners (but no distances from the line were recorded for these trees).
OBTAINING DATA FROM HISTORICAL FILES
All of the data included in this publication were obtained from historical records. Paper copies of the microfiche files for all townships within the Umatilla National Forest boundary were made using the office’s microfiche reader and copier. Processing the microfiche copies of the survey notes and plotting out the GIS maps required between one and two months' time. Reading and interpreting the survey notes required over 100, 8-hour workdays for approximately 120 townships. The notes for some townships were relatively easy to process and took, on average, a day to finish; others took longer. Some notes were typed up while others were handwritten.
For more information see Hanberry et al. (2020).
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Methodology_Citation:
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Citation_Information:
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Originator: Powell, David C.
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Publication_Date: 2008
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Title:
Using General Land Office Survey notes to characterize historical vegetation conditions for the Umatilla National Forest- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
- Series_Information:
- Series_Name: White Paper
- Issue_Identification: F14-SO-WP-SILV-41
- Publication_Information:
- Publication_Place: Pendleton, OR
- Publisher: USDA Forest Service: Supervisor’s Office
- Other_Citation_Details:
- (also included in data publication as \Supplements\Powell_2008_fseprd716503.pdf)
- Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/umatilla/home/?cid=stelprdb5210179
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Methodology_Citation:
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Citation_Information:
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Originator: Hanberry, Brice B.
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Originator: Justice, Donald C.
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Originator: Powell, David C.
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Publication_Date: 2020
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Title:
Discovering Douglas-fir woodlands in the historical forests of the Umatilla National Forest, eastern Oregon and Washington- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
- Series_Information:
- Series_Name: Forests
- Issue_Identification: 11(10): 1122
- Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3390/f11101122
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Process_Step:
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Process_Description:
- See methodology section for details.
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Process_Date: Unknown
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Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
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Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
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Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
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SDTS_Terms_Description:
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SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
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Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 10094
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
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Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
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Planar:
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Map_Projection:
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Map_Projection_Name: NAD 1983 USFS R6 Albers
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Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:
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Standard_Parallel: 43.0
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Standard_Parallel: 48.0
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Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -120.0
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Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 34.0
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False_Easting: 600000.0
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False_Northing: 0.0
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Planar_Coordinate_Information:
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Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
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Coordinate_Representation:
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Abscissa_Resolution: 0.0000000033997027415466626
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Ordinate_Resolution: 0.0000000033997027415466626
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Planar_Distance_Units: meter
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Geodetic_Model:
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Horizontal_Datum_Name: D North American 1983
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Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 1980
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Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0000
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Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
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Overview_Description:
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Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
- Below you will find a list and description of the files available in this data publication.
DATA FILES
\Data\Umatilla_GLO_pts.shp: ESRI ArcGIS shapefile (and associated files) containing General Land Office (GLO) survey point locations.
Variables include:
FID = internal feature number, which contains sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated
Shape = feature geometry (point)
IDTRSD = join field of township, range, and section number
\Data\corner_trees.dbf and \Data\corner_trees.csv: dBase database file (DBF) and comma-delimited ASCII text file (CSV) containing tree species, diameter, and distance to survey points at section corners and quarter corners (i.e., middle of section lines). See Powell (2008) for more details.
Variables include:
OID = internal feature number
IDTRSD = join field of township, range, and section number
TreeSpecie = tree species (see \Data\tree_species.csv for a list of the tree species and the associated scientific name)
TreeDia = tree diameter at breast height (inches)
TreeDist = distance to a corner in links (a link is one-hundredth of a chain and since a chain is 66 feet, then one link is 0.66 feet)
\Data\line_trees.dbf and \Data\line_trees.csv: dBase database file (DBF) and comma-delimited ASCII text file (CSV) containing tree species and diameter for trees measured along survey lines. See Powell (2008) for more details.
Variables include:
OID = internal feature number
IDTRSD = join field of township, range, and section number
TreeSpecie = tree species (see \Data\tree_species.csv for a list of the tree species and the associated scientific name)
TreeDBH = tree diameter at breast height (inches)
\Data\tree_species.csv: Comma-delimited ASCII text file containing a list of the tree species and corresponding scientific names found in corner_trees and line_trees data files.
Variables include:
DataFile = name of data file that referenced species
TreeSpecies = tree species as referenced in data file
CommonName = common name for tree species
ScientificName = scientific name for tree species
SUPPLEMENTAL FILES
\Supplements\Powell_2008_fseprd716503.pdf: Portable Document Format file containing the Powell 2008 (updated 2019) White Paper "Using General Land Office Survey notes to characterize historical vegetation conditions for the Umatilla National Forest".
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Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
- Powell, David C. 2008. Using General Land Office Survey notes to characterize historical vegetation conditions for the Umatilla National Forest. White Paper F14-SO-WP-SILV-41. USDA Forest Service. Pendleton, OR: Supervisor’s Office. https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fseprd716503.pdf (also included in data publication as \Supplements\Powell_2008_fseprd716503.pdf)
Hanberry, Brice B.; Justice, Donald C.; Powell, David C. 2020. Discovering Douglas-fir woodlands in the historical forests of the Umatilla National Forest, eastern Oregon and Washington. Forests 11(10): 1122. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11101122
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Distribution_Information:
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Distributor:
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Contact_Information:
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Contact_Organization_Primary:
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Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development
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Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist
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Contact_Address:
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Address_Type: mailing and physical
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Address: 240 West Prospect Road
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City: Fort Collins
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State_or_Province: CO
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Postal_Code: 80526
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Country: USA
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Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Instructions
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Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of November 2020. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
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Resource_Description: RDS-2020-0051
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Distribution_Liability:
- Metadata documents have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise stated, all data and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, neither the author, the Archive, nor any part of the federal government can assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed for a user's application of these data or related materials.
The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.
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Standard_Order_Process:
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Digital_Form:
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Digital_Transfer_Information:
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Format_Name: ASCII
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Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
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Format_Specification:
- Comma-delimited ASCII text file (CSV)
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File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with 7-Zip 19.0
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Digital_Transfer_Option:
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Online_Option:
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Computer_Contact_Information:
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Network_Address:
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Network_Resource_Name:
https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0051
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Digital_Form:
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Digital_Transfer_Information:
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Format_Name: DBF
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Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
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Format_Specification:
- dBase database file
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File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with 7-Zip 19.0
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Digital_Transfer_Option:
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Online_Option:
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Computer_Contact_Information:
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Network_Address:
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Network_Resource_Name:
https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0051
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Digital_Form:
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Digital_Transfer_Information:
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Format_Name: SHP
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Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
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Format_Specification:
- ESRI ArcGIS shapefile
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File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with 7-Zip 19.0
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Digital_Transfer_Option:
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Online_Option:
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Computer_Contact_Information:
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Network_Address:
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Network_Resource_Name:
https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2020-0051
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Fees: None
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
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Metadata_Date: 20201105
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Metadata_Contact:
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Contact_Information:
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Contact_Organization_Primary:
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Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station
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Contact_Person: Brice Hanberry
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Contact_Address:
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Address_Type: mailing and physical
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Address: 8221 Mt. Rushmore Rd.
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City: Rapid City
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State_or_Province: SD
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Postal_Code: 57702
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Country: USA
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Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605-716-2205
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Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:
brice.hanberry@usda.gov
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Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
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Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
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