Fernow Experimental Forest: Growth and productivity data for a 45-year-old Norway spruce plantation

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Adams, Mary Beth
Originator: Kelly, Charlene
Originator: Simpson, Brian
Publication_Date: 2021
Title:
Fernow Experimental Forest: Growth and productivity data for a 45-year-old Norway spruce plantation
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2021-0034
Description:
Abstract:
In 1973, as part of research addressing the timing, volume, and source of streamflows, a 22.34 hectare (ha) watershed on the Fernow Experimental Forest was planted with Norway spruce (Picea abies). This data publication includes the growth and productivity data of this unusual Norway spruce plantation over the intervening 45 years, which provides information on stand density, incursion of native hardwoods, and reaction to a major disturbance, Superstorm Sandy in 2012. The Fernow Experimental Forest is a 4,600 acre outdoor laboratory near Parsons, WV. The data included in this publication were collected in July 2018 on 18 plots and include plot number, tree species, diameter at breast height, crown class (dominant, co-dominant, intermediate, or suppressed), and status (live or dead).
Purpose:
These data were collected to evaluate and describe the growth and development of the Norway Spruce planted on this watershed at age 45. These data are the most recent of several re-measurements and were collected to continue this data set. Contact the authors if interested in the older data.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20180716
Ending_Date: 20180717
Currentness_Reference:
Ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
Watershed 6 is a 22.34-ha, south-facing catchment located on the Fernow Experimental Forest south of Parsons, WV. Prior to clearcutting in 1964-1969, the stand was mature, second-growth mixed hardwood, and the dominant tree species were white and chestnut oaks, with a basal area of 33.06 square meters per hectare (m²/ha). Elevation ranges from 730 to 830 m (2400 to 2720 feet). Soils in the watershed were originally (1967) mapped exclusively as Calvin channery silt loam (loamy-skeletal, mixed, active mesic Typic Dystrudepts). In 2018, the watershed was remapped, resulting in about half of the area described as Cateache channery silt loam (fine loamy-mixed active, mesic Ultic Hapuldalfs), and most of the remainder as Calvin.
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -79.713316
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -79.642171
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.078677
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.027489
Bounding_Altitudes:
Altitude_Minimum: 1750.000
Altitude_Maximum: 3650.000
Altitude_Distance_Units: feet
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: biota
Theme_Keyword: environment
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
Theme_Keyword: Ecology, Ecosystems, & Environment
Theme_Keyword: Hydrology, watersheds, sedimentation
Theme_Keyword: Natural Resource Management & Use
Theme_Keyword: Forest management
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Norway spruce
Theme_Keyword: stand dynamics
Theme_Keyword: long-term research
Theme_Keyword: watershed research
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Fernow Experimental Forest
Place_Keyword: West Virginia
Place_Keyword: Monongahela National Forest
Taxonomy:
Taxonomic_System:
Classification_System/Authority:
Classification_System_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: ITIS
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: database
Other_Citation_Details:
Retrieved [November, 24, 2020]
Online_Linkage: https://www.itis.gov
Taxonomic_Procedures:
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Plantae
Applicable_Common_Name: plantes
Applicable_Common_Name: Planta
Applicable_Common_Name: Vegetal
Applicable_Common_Name: plants
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Viridiplantae
Applicable_Common_Name: green plants
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
Taxon_Rank_Value: Streptophyta
Applicable_Common_Name: land plants
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superdivision
Taxon_Rank_Value: Embryophyta
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Division
Taxon_Rank_Value: Tracheophyta
Applicable_Common_Name: vascular plants
Applicable_Common_Name: tracheophytes
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subdivision
Taxon_Rank_Value: Spermatophytina
Applicable_Common_Name: spermatophytes
Applicable_Common_Name: seed plants
Applicable_Common_Name: phanérogames
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnoliopsida
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superorder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Asteranae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ericales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Ericaceae
Applicable_Common_Name: heaths
Applicable_Common_Name: éricacées
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Oxydendrum
Applicable_Common_Name: sourwood
Applicable_Common_Name: swamp cranberry
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Oxydendrum arboreum
Applicable_Common_Name: sourwood
Applicable_Common_Name: sorrel tree
Applicable_Common_Name: lily-of-the-valley tree
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Apiales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Araliaceae
Applicable_Common_Name: ginseng
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Aralia
Applicable_Common_Name: spikenard
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Aralia spinosa
Applicable_Common_Name: devils walkingstick
Applicable_Common_Name: angelicatree
Applicable_Common_Name: devil's walkingstick
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superorder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnolianae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnoliales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnoliaceae
Applicable_Common_Name: magnolias
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnolia
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnolia acuminata
Applicable_Common_Name: cucumbertree
Applicable_Common_Name: cucumber-tree
Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Liriodendron
Applicable_Common_Name: tuliptree
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Applicable_Common_Name: yellow poplar
Applicable_Common_Name: tulip poplar
Applicable_Common_Name: yellow-poplar
Applicable_Common_Name: tuliptree
Applicable_Common_Name: bois-jaune
Applicable_Common_Name: tulip-poplar
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Laurales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Lauraceae
Applicable_Common_Name: laurels
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Sassafras
Applicable_Common_Name: sassafras
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Sassafras albidum
Applicable_Common_Name: sassafras
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Superorder
Taxon_Rank_Value: Rosanae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Fagales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Fagaceae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Quercus
Applicable_Common_Name: chêne
Applicable_Common_Name: oak
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Quercus coccinea
Applicable_Common_Name: scarlet oak
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Quercus alba
Applicable_Common_Name: chêne blanc
Applicable_Common_Name: white oak
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Quercus montana
Applicable_Common_Name: chestnut oak
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Quercus rubra
Applicable_Common_Name: northern red oak
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Quercus velutina
Applicable_Common_Name: black oak
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Betulaceae
Applicable_Common_Name: alder
Applicable_Common_Name: birch
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Betula
Applicable_Common_Name: birch
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Betula lenta
Applicable_Common_Name: sweet birch
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Rosales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Rosaceae
Applicable_Common_Name: roses
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Prunus
Applicable_Common_Name: chokecherry
Applicable_Common_Name: plum
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Prunus serotina
Applicable_Common_Name: black chokecherry
Applicable_Common_Name: black cherry
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Prunus pensylvanica
Applicable_Common_Name: pin cherry
Applicable_Common_Name: fire cherry
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Amelanchier
Applicable_Common_Name: serviceberry
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Amelanchier arborea
Applicable_Common_Name: Allegheny serviceberry
Applicable_Common_Name: apple shadbush
Applicable_Common_Name: downy serviceberry
Applicable_Common_Name: shadblow
Applicable_Common_Name: common serviceberry
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Sapindales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Sapindaceae
Applicable_Common_Name: soapberries
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Acer
Applicable_Common_Name: maples
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Acer rubrum
Applicable_Common_Name: red maple
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Acer saccharum
Applicable_Common_Name: sugar maple
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Acer pensylvanicum
Applicable_Common_Name: moosewood
Applicable_Common_Name: striped maple
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Fabales
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Fabaceae
Applicable_Common_Name: peas
Applicable_Common_Name: legumes
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Robinia
Applicable_Common_Name: locust
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Robinia pseudoacacia
Applicable_Common_Name: black locust
Applicable_Common_Name: false acacia
Applicable_Common_Name: yellow locust
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinopsida
Applicable_Common_Name: conifers
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Subclass
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinidae
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinales
Applicable_Common_Name: pines
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
Taxon_Rank_Value: Pinaceae
Applicable_Common_Name: pines
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
Taxon_Rank_Value: Picea
Applicable_Common_Name: spruce
Taxonomic_Classification:
Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
Taxon_Rank_Value: Picea abies
Applicable_Common_Name: Norway spruce
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

Adams, Mary Beth; Kelly, Charlene; Simpson, Brian. 2021. Fernow Experimental Forest: Growth and productivity data for a 45-year-old Norway spruce plantation. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2021-0034
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Contact_Person: Dr. Mary Beth Adams
Contact_Position: Research Soil Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 180 Canfield Street
City: Morgantown
State_or_Province: WV
Postal_Code: 26505
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 304-285-1520
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mary.b.adams@usda.gov
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: \Supplements\WS6_overstory_plots.pdf
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Map of watershed 6 on the Fernow Experimental Forest and plot locations, along with summary information about these plots.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF
Data_Set_Credit:
This study was funded by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Adams, Mary Beth
Originator: Kelly, Charlene
Originator: Simpson, Brian
Originator: Juracko, John
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
Growth and productivity of a 45-year-old Norway spruce plantation on the Fernow Experimental Forest
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Research Note
Issue_Identification: NRS-RN-253
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Madison, WI
Publisher: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Other_Citation_Details:
11 p.
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-RN-253
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Diameter at breast height (DBH) was measured to the nearest tenth of an inch. Previously existing plot centers were used, and the radius was measured on each plot to ensure that trees were within the plot.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Data were checked against field tally sheets for accuracy, and data were reviewed for obvious outliers or errors.
Completeness_Report:
Data includes values (-999) missed due to human error. Other blank cells (-888) are data not collected because tree was dead (status = 2). Comments are also provided that contain information regarding tree condition.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Description:
BACKGROUND

Between 1964 and 1969 various portions of Watershed 6 on the Fernow Experimental forest were clearcut and herbicides used to keep it barren (Patric and Reinhart 1971, Adams et al. 2020). Natural regeneration occurred from 1970 to 1973. In early 1973, Norway spruce seedlings were planted with approximately 3.05 m × 3.05 spacing, resulting in 1077 trees per ha. In September 1980 trees were sprayed with glyphosate to release the Norway spruce trees from competing hardwood tree species, hay-scented fern, and blackberry (Wendel and Kochenderfer 1984). Also in 1980, 65 permanent plot centers were established at 1 chain intervals on three transects. In the 1980's and 1990's circular plots of various sizes were assessed using these plot centers. In 2003, Norway spruce trees were measured on 18 plots (0.02 ha in size) that were part of the original 65 plot centers.


DATA COLLECTION

In 2018, 0.40 ha plots (larger than the 2003 plots that were 0.02 ha) were established around the same 18 original permanent plot centers that were sampled in 2003. On these 18 plots, the tree species, diameter at breast height, crown class, and status of all standing trees greater than 12.7 centimeters DBH were recorded (Adams et al. 2020). One person recorded while 2 people measured DBH, using diameter tapes to the nearest tenth of an inch, height was assessed using dominance classes as defined by the Forest Service. The observers also noted the tree species, whether the tree was alive or dead (standing trees only), and any comments as to origin or form of the individual tree.
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Patric, James H.
Originator: Reinhard, Kenneth G.
Publication_Date: 1971
Title:
Hydrologic effects of deforesting two mountain watersheds in West Virginia
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Water Resources Research
Issue_Identification: 7(5): 1182-1188
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1029/wr007i005p01182
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Adams, Mary Beth
Originator: Kelly, Charlene
Originator: Simpson, Brian
Originator: Juracko, John
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
Growth and productivity of a 45-year-old Norway spruce plantation on the Fernow Experimental Forest
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Research Note
Issue_Identification: NRS-RN-253
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Madison, WI
Publisher: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Other_Citation_Details:
11 p.
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-RN-253
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Wendel, George W.
Originator: Kochenderfer, James N.
Publication_Date: 1984
Title:
Aerial release of Norway spruce with roundup in the central Appalachians
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Northern Journal of Applied Forestry
Issue_Identification: 1(2): 29-32
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1093/njaf/1.2.29
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/59912
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Below you will find a description of the files (2) included in this data publication.

1. \Data\FernowWS6_2018_Tree_Data.csv: Comma delimited ASCII text file containing data which describe the growth and productivity of a Norway spruce plantation over 45 years.

Variables include:

PLOT = Plot number tallied

SPP = Common species name

DBH = diameter at breast height to nearest tenth of an inch

CROWN CLASS (CC) = Tree position in forest canopy
1 - Dominant: Tree crows receive full light from above and partly from the sides. Crowns tend above the level of the crown cover of others of the same stratum and are not physically restricted from above although possible somewhat crowded by trees on the sides. In even-aged stands, dominant trees rise somewhat above the general canopy.

2 - Codominant: Tree crows received full light from above, but comparatively little from the sides. Crowns form a general level of canopy stratum, are not physically restricted from above, and are crowded by other trees from the sides. In even-aged stands, codominants form the general canopy.

3 - Intermediate: Tree crows occupy a definitely subordinate position and are subject to lateral competition from crows of dominants and codominants. They received little direct light from above through small holes in the canopy, but no light from the sides.

4 - Suppressed: Trees receive no direct light from above or from the sides, and are entirely below the general level of dominant and codominant trees.

STATUS = Tree condition, determined on standing trees only, where
1 - Live: Tree was alive above breast height (4.5 feet).

2 - Dead: Tree has no live branches or foliage above breast height.

COMMENTS = Additional comments


2. \Supplements\WS6_overstory_plots.pdf: Portable Document Format file containing a map of watershed 6 on the Fernow Experimental Forest and plot locations, along with summary information about these plots.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Adams, Mary Beth; Kelly, Charlene; Simpson, Brian; Juracko, John. Growth and productivity of a 45-year-old Norway spruce plantation on the Fernow Experimental Forest. Research Note NRS-253. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 11 p. https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-RN-253
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development
Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Instructions
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of April 2021. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Resource_Description: RDS-2021-0034
Distribution_Liability:
Metadata documents have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise stated, all data and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, neither the author, the Archive, nor any part of the federal government can assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed for a user's application of these data or related materials.

The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ASCII
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Comma-delimited ASCII text file (CSV)
File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with 7-Zip 19.0
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2021-0034
Fees: None
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20210414
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station
Contact_Person: Dr. Mary Beth Adams
Contact_Position: Research Soil Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 180 Canfield Street
City: Morgantown
State_or_Province: WV
Postal_Code: 26505
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 304-285-1520
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: mary.b.adams@usda.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
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