Mangrove seedling measurements at Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia
Metadata:
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Identification_Information:
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Citation:
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Citation_Information:
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Originator: Ewel, Katherine C.
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Publication_Date: 2022
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Title:
Mangrove seedling measurements at Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
- Publication_Information:
- Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
- Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
- Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2022-0069
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Description:
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Abstract:
- This data publication contains data regarding seedlings of two species of mangroves, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Rhizophora apiculata, which were monitored for eight years (1996-2004) on the Pacific island of Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia. They were monitored to determine the effects of canopy cover and hydrogeomorphic zone on long-term survival and growth. The study area has high annual rainfall with little seasonality. The study plots with seedling subplots were in fringe, riverine, and interior hydrogeomorphic zones along four small rivers. The height of each seedling was measured each year and was designated each time as being under an open, partially closed, or closed canopy. Additional information regarding leaf scars was also collected.
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Purpose:
- Data collected were used to investigate importance of hydrogeomorphic zones and canopy cover on mangrove seedling distribution, density, growth rate, and survival in Kosrae.
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Supplemental_Information:
- These data were published on 10/18/2022. Minor metadata updates were made on 05/18/2023.
For more information about this study and these data, see Ewel and Baldwin (2022).
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Time_Period_of_Content:
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Time_Period_Information:
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Range_of_Dates/Times:
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Beginning_Date: 1996
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Ending_Date: 2004
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Currentness_Reference:
- Ground condition
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Status:
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Progress: Complete
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Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
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Spatial_Domain:
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Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
- The study area includes study plots in fringe, riverine, and interior hydrogeomorphic zones along the four small rivers: Finkol River, Okat River, Utwe River, and Yela River in Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia. Each plot covers an area of approximately 2.5 hectares.
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Bounding_Coordinates:
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West_Bounding_Coordinate: 162.88
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East_Bounding_Coordinate: 162.05
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North_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.38
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South_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.25
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Bounding_Altitudes:
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Altitude_Minimum: 0
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Altitude_Maximum: 2
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Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
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Keywords:
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Theme:
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Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
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Theme_Keyword: biota
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Theme:
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Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
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Theme_Keyword: Ecology, Ecosystems, & Environment
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Theme_Keyword: Plant ecology
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Theme:
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Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
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Theme_Keyword: Bruguiera gymnorrhiza
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Theme_Keyword: large-leafed orange mangrove
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Theme_Keyword: sraol
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Theme_Keyword: Rhizophora apiculata
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Theme_Keyword: bakau minyak
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Theme_Keyword: suhkasrihk
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Theme_Keyword: hydrogeomorphic zones
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Theme_Keyword: canopy cover
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Theme_Keyword: seedling mortality
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Theme_Keyword: wetlands
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Theme_Keyword: mangroves
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Theme_Keyword: seedling growth
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Theme_Keyword: sapling recruitment
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Theme_Keyword: El-Niño-Southern Oscillation
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Theme_Keyword: ENSO
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Place:
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Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
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Place_Keyword: Kosrae
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Place_Keyword: Federated States of Micronesia
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Taxonomy:
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Keywords/Taxon:
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Taxonomic_Keyword_Thesaurus:
- None
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Taxonomic_Keywords: multiple species
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Taxonomic_Keywords: plants
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Taxonomic_Keywords: vegetation
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Taxonomic_Keywords: Bruguiera gymnorrhiza
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Taxonomic_Keywords: large-leafed orange mangrove, sraol
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Taxonomic_Keywords: Rhizophora apiculata
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Taxonomic_Keywords: bakau minyak, suhkasrihk
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Taxonomic_System:
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Classification_System/Authority:
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Classification_System_Citation:
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Citation_Information:
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Originator: ITIS
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Publication_Date: 2022
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Title:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: on-line database
- Other_Citation_Details:
- Retrieved [September, 19, 2022]; CC0
- Online_Linkage: https://www.itis.gov
- Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KH0KBK
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Classification_System_Modifications:
- ITIS recommends the accepted name "Bruguiera gymnorhiza", instead of "Bruguiera gymnorrhiza".
Kosraean common names were added and a few of the other common names were changed to more appropriate common names (e.g., loosestrife was provided as a common name for Lythraceae, however this is a weed.)
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Taxonomic_Procedures:
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Kingdom
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Plantae
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Applicable_Common_Name: plantes
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Applicable_Common_Name: Planta
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Applicable_Common_Name: Vegetal
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Applicable_Common_Name: plants
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Subkingdom
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Viridiplantae
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Applicable_Common_Name: green plants
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Infrakingdom
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Streptophyta
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Applicable_Common_Name: land plants
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Superdivision
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Embryophyta
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Division
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Tracheophyta
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Applicable_Common_Name: vascular plants
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Applicable_Common_Name: tracheophytes
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Subdivision
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Spermatophytina
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Applicable_Common_Name: spermatophytes
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Applicable_Common_Name: seed plants
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Applicable_Common_Name: phanérogames
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Class
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Magnoliopsida
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Superorder
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Asteranae
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Ericales
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Lecythidaceae
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Barringtonia
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Barringtonia racemosa
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Applicable_Common_Name: kwenguhl
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Superorder
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Lilianae
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Applicable_Common_Name: monocots
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Applicable_Common_Name: monocotyledons
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Applicable_Common_Name: monocotylédones
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Arecales
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Arecaceae
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Cocos
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Applicable_Common_Name: coconut palm
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Applicable_Common_Name: nu
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Cocos nucifera
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Applicable_Common_Name: coconut palm
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Applicable_Common_Name: Palma de Coco
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Nypa
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Nypa fruticans
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Applicable_Common_Name: nipa palm
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Applicable_Common_Name: fahsuc
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Superorder
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Rosanae
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Myrtales
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Lythraceae
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Applicable_Common_Name: apple mangrove
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Applicable_Common_Name: fuliohfohl
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Sonneratia
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Sonneratia alba
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Sapindales
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Meliaceae
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Applicable_Common_Name: cannonball mangrove
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Applicable_Common_Name: tuhi
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Xylocarpus
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Xylocarpus granatum
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Order
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Malpighiales
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Family
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Rhizophoraceae
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Applicable_Common_Name: mangroves
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Rhizophora
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Applicable_Common_Name: mangrove
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Rhizophora apiculata
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Applicable_Common_Name: mangrove
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Applicable_Common_Name: suhkasrihk
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Rhizophora mucronata
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Applicable_Common_Name: mangrove
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Applicable_Common_Name: kahrahk
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Genus
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Bruguiera
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Taxonomic_Classification:
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Taxon_Rank_Name: Species
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Taxon_Rank_Value: Bruguiera gymnorhiza
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Applicable_Common_Name: orange mangrove
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Applicable_Common_Name: sraol
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Access_Constraints: None
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Use_Constraints:
- These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:
Ewel, Katherine C. 2022. Mangrove seedling measurements at Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2022-0069
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Point_of_Contact:
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Contact_Information:
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Contact_Organization_Primary:
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Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station
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Contact_Person: James A. Baldwin
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Contact_Position: Statistician
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Contact_Address:
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Address_Type: mailing and physical
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Address: 800 Buchanan Street
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City: Albany
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State_or_Province: CA
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Postal_Code: 94710
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Country: USA
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Contact_Voice_Telephone: None
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Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:
jbaldwin@usda.gov
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Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of October 2022.
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Data_Set_Credit:
- Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station.
Author Information:
Ewel, Katherine C.
School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatic Sciences, University of Florida
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6470-016X
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Cross_Reference:
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Citation_Information:
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Originator: Ewel, Katherine C.
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Originator: Baldwin, James A.
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Publication_Date: 2022
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Title:
Long-term patterns of growth and survival of mangrove seedlings in Micronesia- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
- Series_Information:
- Series_Name: Hydrobiologia
- Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-05041-1
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Data_Quality_Information:
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Attribute_Accuracy:
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Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
- All the measurements were very simple; a meter stick was the only instrument used. Field assistants were all comfortable with these simple procedures.
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Logical_Consistency_Report:
- No additional testing was done - all measurements were very simple.
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Completeness_Report:
- When heights or canopy cover level are missing, -99 is entered.
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Lineage:
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Methodology:
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Methodology_Type: Field
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Methodology_Description:
- STUDY DESIGN
In the early 1980s, 5-point cluster plots were distributed across the islands comprising the Federated States of Micronesia for a timber inventory in uplands, mangroves, and freshwater forested wetlands. Each plot includes 5 points. We installed 3 additional plots at random locations in fringe, riverine, and interior sites at each of the four rivers.
A single plot consisted of 5 points making the shape of a cross: from the central point, the other points were located 50 meters (m) west, north, and east of the central point; the fifth was located 43 m south. At each of the five points, 4 1-m² subplots were randomly located, each in a different quadrat, around the point itself. Therefore, each plot had 20 subplots in which seedling growth and survival were monitored and above which canopy cover was noted as open (0), partially closed (1), and closed (2). (Occasionally there was some ambiguity in assigning an integer canopy cover score and there were a few instances of 0.5, 1.5, and 1.9 recorded.)
We were also able to estimate recruitment and mortality on an areal basis by monitoring all mangrove seedlings in the subplots.
The reason for selecting this plot design was that tree inventories on the plots could be linked to previous inventories in the region, and recruitment rates and species composition of the seedlings in the subplots could be compared to species composition and distribution of the adult trees in the surrounding forest.
SAMPLING
Each new seedling (any plant less than 2 m tall and including propagules that have leaves and have begun to take root) in the subplot was fitted with a numbered pigeon tag, the number and species were recorded, and height to the nearest centimeter (cm) was measured from ground level up to the growing meristem between the two topmost petioles for hardwood species and to the highest green surface for palms. A small wire twistie was affixed to one of the topmost petioles, the distance (cm) between the the new twistie and the next most recent twistie was measured, and the number of leaf scars formed since the last measurement was noted as number of nodes. The earlier twistie was then removed. The total number of nodes back to the top of the propagule was sometimes noted (for instance, if there was no twistie still attached). In order to increase our sample size for growth and survival estimates, we also tagged and monitored at least 5 additional seedlings of Rhizophora apiculata and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. These seedlings were outside the subplot but within the quadrat, no further than 10 m from the point, were selected haphazardly, and were as close to 50 cm in height as possible (minimum height for a successfully established mangrove propagule). When one of these died, another was chosen to replace it. Measurements were made once a year. Canopy cover over each additional seedling (outside the subplots) was also noted.
For complete details see Ewel and Baldwin (2022).
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Methodology_Citation:
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Citation_Information:
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Originator: Ewel, Katherine C.
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Originator: Baldwin, James A.
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Publication_Date: 2022
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Title:
Long-term patterns of growth and survival of mangrove seedlings in Micronesia- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
- Series_Information:
- Series_Name: Hydrobiologia
- Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-05041-1
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Process_Step:
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Process_Description:
- Data from each year was combined and seedling id matched to construct history.
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Process_Date: Unknown
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
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Overview_Description:
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Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
- Below you will find a list and description of the files included in this data publication.
VARIABLE DESCRIPTION FILE (1)
1. \Data\_variable_descriptions.csv: Comma-separated values (CSV) file containing a list and description of variables found in all data files. (A description of these variables is also provided in the metadata below.)
Columns include:
Filename = name of data file
Variable = name of variable
Units = units (if applicable)
Precision = precision (if applicable)
Description = description of variable
DATA FILES (1)
1. \Data\Mangrove_seedlings_data.csv: CSV file containing seedling data for multiple species of mangroves, but mainly Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Rhizophora apiculata.
Variables include:
PlotType = Type of plot: Additional or Subplot
Species = Name of species
BARA = Barringtonia racemosa
BRGY = Bruguiera gymnorrhiza
CONU = Cocos nucifera
NYFR = Nypa fruticans
RHAP = Rhizophora apiculata
RHMU = Rhizophora mucronata
SOAL = Sonneratia alba
UNK = Unknown
XYGR = Xylocarpus granatum
Year = Year of data collection [YYYY]: 1996-2004
River = Name of river
FI = Finkol
OK = Okat
UT = Utwe
YE = Yela
Zone = Name of hydrogeomorphic zone
FR = Fringe
IN = Interior
RI = Riverine
Point = Point within plot: 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
Subpoint = Subplot within plot: 1, 2, 3, and 4 but only if SeedlingType = Subplot; otherwise field left empty
Distance = Seedling location distance in meters from plot center point (meters). -99 indicates missing value.
Azimuth = Seedling location angle in degrees from North (0 to 358). -99 indicates missing values.
Seedling = Seedling identification number
Height = Height of seedling in cm (centimeters). Seedlings larger than 200 cm are coded as -44. Missing heights coded as -99. If the seedling was dead the height was not recorded but was coded as -88.
NGrow = Growth between leaf scars at beginning and end of measurement period (cm). -99 indicates missing data, -88 indicates newly dead, -77 indicates twist tie missing, -55 indicates other damage, -22 indicates a new seedling.
NNode = Number of leaf scars produced since last measurement. -99 indicates missing data, -77 indicates twist tie missing, -11 indicates woody.
TNode = Total number of leaf scars. -99 indicates missing data, -77 indicates twist tie missing, -11 indicates woody.
Status = Status of seedling
0 = dead
1 = alive
CanopyCover = Canopy cover measured as: 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.9, 2, where 0 = open canopy and 2=closed canopy. Typically the values are 0, 1, and 2 but there were a few for which those integer values didn’t seem adequate and were given fractional values.
Remarks = Remarks from field notes
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Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
- Ewel, Katherine C.; Baldwin, James A. 2022. Long-term patterns of growth and survival of mangrove seedlings in Micronesia. Hydrobiologia. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-05041-1
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Distribution_Information:
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Distributor:
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Contact_Information:
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Contact_Organization_Primary:
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Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development
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Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist
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Contact_Address:
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Address_Type: mailing and physical
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Address: 240 West Prospect Road
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City: Fort Collins
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State_or_Province: CO
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Postal_Code: 80526
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Country: USA
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Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Instructions
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Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of May 2023. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
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Resource_Description: RDS-2022-0069
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Distribution_Liability:
- Metadata documents have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise stated, all data and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, neither the author, the Archive, nor any part of the federal government can assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed for a user's application of these data or related materials.
The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.
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Standard_Order_Process:
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Digital_Form:
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Digital_Transfer_Information:
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Format_Name: CSV
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Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
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Format_Specification:
- Comma-separated values file
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File_Decompression_Technique: Files zipped with 7-Zip 19.0
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Digital_Transfer_Option:
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Online_Option:
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Computer_Contact_Information:
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Network_Address:
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Network_Resource_Name:
https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2022-0069
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Fees: None
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
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Metadata_Date: 20230518
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Metadata_Contact:
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Contact_Information:
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Contact_Organization_Primary:
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Contact_Organization: University of Florida
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Contact_Person: Kathy Ewel
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Contact_Position: Retired professor
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Contact_Voice_Telephone: None
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Contact_Voice_Telephone: 352-682-2956
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Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:
kewel@ufl.edu
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Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of October 2022.
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Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
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Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
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