Water yield projections due to climate variability and change in the United States for current and mid-century periods: A 2020 RPA Assessment

Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Warziniack, Travis W.
Originator: Arabi, Mazdak
Originator: Froemke, Pamela M.
Originator: Ghosh, Rohini
Originator: Heidari, Hadi
Originator: Rasmussen, Shaundra M.
Originator: Swarzentruber, Ryan
Publication_Date: 2023
Title:
Water yield projections due to climate variability and change in the United States for current and mid-century periods: A 2020 RPA Assessment
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Fort Collins, CO
Publisher: Forest Service Research Data Archive
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2023-0003
Description:
Abstract:
Hydrological responses to climate variability and change were assessed for the current (1986-2015) and mid-century (2041-2070) periods. This publication contains data describing water yields for the conterminous United States for a 30-year period and predictive data for changes in annual potential evapotranspiration, precipitation, and water yields in the upcoming mid-century. Predictive data were estimated using multiple 2020 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment scenario-climate futures which included both the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and the RCP 8.5 scenarios for the following five general circulation models (GCMs): HadGEM2-ES365, MRI-CGCM3, CNRM-CM5, IPSL-CM5A-MR, and NorESM1-M.
Purpose:
These data were also collected and analyzed to support the 2020 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment (https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/inventory/rpaa), specifically, this data supports the water yield projections in the RPA Water Assessment. The Water Assessment is an all-lands assessment and describes the status and trends of water resources throughout the conterminous United States.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1986
Ending_Date: 2070
Currentness_Reference:
Ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
conterminous United States (CONUS)
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -124.73310
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -66.95400
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 49.38051
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.51832
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: environment
Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters
Theme_Keyword: climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: National Research & Development Taxonomy
Theme_Keyword: Climate change
Theme_Keyword: Climate change effects
Theme_Keyword: Ecology, Ecosystems, & Environment
Theme_Keyword: Hydrology, watersheds, sedimentation
Theme_Keyword: Natural Resource Management & Use
Theme_Keyword: Water
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: water yield
Theme_Keyword: national forests
Theme_Keyword: Resources Planning Act Assessment
Theme_Keyword: RPA Assessment
Theme_Keyword: drought
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: conterminous United States
Place_Keyword: CONUS
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

Warziniack, Travis W.; Arabi, Mazdak; Froemke, Pamela M.; Ghosh, Rohini; Heidari, Hadi; Rasmussen, Shaundra M.; Swarzentruber, Ryan. 2023. Water yield projections due to climate variability and change in the United States for current and mid-century periods: A 2020 RPA Assessment. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2023-0003
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station
Contact_Person: Travis W. Warziniack
Contact_Position: Research Economist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 970-498-1100
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: travis.w.warziniack@usda.gov
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of original publication date. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: \Supplements\FutureClimate_PET.jpg
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Maps of spatial changes in 30-year average of annual potential evapotranspiration (PET) in response to future climate change, from current (1986-2015) to mid-century (2041-2070) for: (a) RCP 4.5 and (b) RCP 8.5.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: \Supplements\FutureClimate_PPT.jpg
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Maps of spatial changes in 30-year average of annual precipitation in response to future climate change, from current (1986-2015) to mid-century (2041-2070) for: (a) RCP 4.5 and (b) RCP 8.5.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: \Supplements\FutureClimate_WaterYield.jpg
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Maps of spatial changes in 30-year average of annual water yield in response to future climate change, from current (1986-2015) to mid-century (2041-2070) for: (a) RCP 4.5 and (b) RCP 8.5.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: \Supplements\Pct_WaterYield_from_Forest_Cover.jpg
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Map of the percent of total state water yield that originates on forest landcover.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: \Supplements\WaterYield_30-Year_Average.png
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Map of the average annual water yield by HUC 8 for the baseline period (1986-2015).
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG
Data_Set_Credit:
Funding for this project provided by the USDA Forest Service, Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment; USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; and Colorado State University.


Author Information:

Travis W. Warziniack
USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9431-2288

Mazdak Arabi
Colorado State University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1817-3260

Pamela M. Froemke
USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station (retired)

Rohini Ghosh
PacifiCorp

Hadi Heidari
Colorado State University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1583-0237

Shaundra M. Rasmussen
Colorado State University, Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5163-0596

Ryan Swarzentruber
University of Tennessee
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Heidari, Hadi
Originator: Arabi, Mazdak
Originator: Ghanbari, Mahshid
Originator: Warziniack, Travis W.
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
A probabilistic approach for characterization of sub-annual socioeconomic drought intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships in a changing environment
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Water
Issue_Identification: 12(6): 1522
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3390/w12061522
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Heidari, Hadi
Originator: Arabi, Mazdak
Originator: Warziniack, Travis W.
Publication_Date: 2021
Title:
Vulnerability to water shortage under current and future water supply-demand conditions across U.S. river basins
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Earth’s Future
Issue_Identification: 9(10): e2021EF002278
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002278
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/65102
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Sanchez, Leslie
Originator: Warziniack, Travis W.
Originator: Knowles, Michael S.
Publication_Date: 2022
Title:
The inequitable exposure of socially vulnerable groups to water shortages across the United States
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Environmental Research Letters
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/acb06d
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/65638
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Warziniack, Travis W.
Originator: Arabi, Mazdak
Originator: Brown, Thomas C.
Originator: Froemke, Pamela M.
Originator: Ghosh, Rohini
Originator: Rasmussen, Shaundra M.
Originator: Swartzentruber, Ryan
Publication_Date: 2022
Title:
Projections of freshwater use in the united states under climate change
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Earth's Future
Issue_Identification: 10(2): e2021EF002222
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002222
Online_Linkage: https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/63896
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Warziniack, Travis W.
Originator: Arabi, Mazdak
Originator: Froemke, Pamela M.
Originator: Ghosh, Rohini
Originator: Heidari, Hadi
Originator: Rasmussen, Shaundra M.
Originator: Swarzentruber, Ryan
Publication_Date: 2023
Title:
Chapter 9: Water Resources
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Other_Citation_Details:
9-1 - 9-20
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/WO-GTR-102-Chap9
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service
Publication_Date: 2023
Title:
Future of America's Forest and Rangelands: Forest Service 2020 Resources Planning Act Assessment
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: General Technical Report
Issue_Identification: WO-102
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Washington, DC
Other_Citation_Details:
348 p.
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2737/WO-GTR-102
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Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Water yield is given in millimeters, consistent with the input data from the various climate models (e.g., Daymet, PRISM). Results here contain decimals that are a product of the water yield model (Variable Infiltration Capacity model) and do not represent the accuracy of the results. They are projections based on climate scenarios and modeled data. (The _variable_descriptions.csv file contains information regarding the expected precision for these data.) For presentation purposes, results are often aggregated to the 8-digit Hydrological Unit Code (HUC 8) level and rounded to the nearest millimeter.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Models were calibrated to watersheds with existing monitoring gauges, allowing modeled results to be compared with observed data. Results were also run for a few well studied watersheds (for example, on the South Platte River) to check validity.

Results were also compared to previous RPA Assessments and results from other climate modeling groups. The results went through peer review and have been published in articles referenced above.
Completeness_Report:
Data are complete for the conterminous United States. Values of zero are in fact measurements of 0 and blank cells represent missing data, usually from missing observations in the input data or changes in geographic descriptions over time. Blank data in the WaterYieldNFS (data showing water yield from national forests) exist due to lack of National Forest System lands in some states.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Thornton, M.M.
Originator: Shrestha, R.
Originator: Wei, Y.
Originator: Thornton, P.E.
Originator: Kao, S-C.
Originator: Wilson, B.E.
Publication_Date: 2022
Title:
Daymet: Daily Surface Weather Data on a 1-km Grid for North America, Version 4 R1
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: netCDF
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
Publisher: ORNL DAAC
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2129
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1986
Ending_Date: 2015
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Publication Date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
Daymet
Source_Contribution:
Current (1986 to 2015) daily precipitation and temperature are derived from Daymet.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: PRISM Climate Group
Publication_Date: 2022
Title:
PRISM Climate Data
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Publication_Information:
Publisher: Oregon State University
Online_Linkage: https://prism.oregonstate.edu
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1986
Ending_Date: 2015
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Publication Date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
PRISM
Source_Contribution:
Current (1986 to 2015) daily precipitation and temperature are derived from PRISM.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Mesinger, Fedor
Originator: DiMego, Geoff
Originator: Kalnay. Eugenia
Originator: Mitchell, Kenneth
Originator: Shafran, Perry C.
Originator: Ebisuzaki, Wesley
Originator: Jović, Dušan
Originator: Woollen, Jack
Originator: Rogers, Eric
Originator: Berbery, Ernesto H.
Originator: Ek, Michael B.
Originator: Fan, Yun
Originator: Grumbine, Robert
Originator: Higgins, Wayne
Originator: Li, Hong
Originator: Lin, Ying
Originator: Manikin, Geoff
Originator: Parrish, David
Originator: Shi, Wei
Publication_Date: 2006
Title:
North American regional reanalysis
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Bulletin of the North American Meteorological Society
Issue_Identification: 87(3): 343-360
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-87-3-343
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1986
Ending_Date: 2015
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Publication Date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
NARR
Source_Contribution:
Historical wind speed used in water yield (VIC) model
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2021
Title:
National Land Cover Database (NLCD) forest cover
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
Online_Linkage: http://www.mrlc.gov/data
Type_of_Source_Media: Online
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 2019
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Publication Date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
NLCD
Source_Contribution:
NLCD forest cover type raster
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Hydrological responses to climate variability and change were assessed for the current (1986 to 2015) and mid-century (2041 to 2070) periods. The Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model (Liang et al. 1994) was used to simulate hydrological responses. The model is a macroscale semi-distributed hydrological model that simulates land-atmosphere fluxes and water and energy balances at the land surface (Cherkauer and Lettenmaier 2003). Water yield represents discharge at the watershed outlet and includes both surface runoff and groundwater contributions. River storage and routing are not included in the model. Water yield is a function of precipitation and evapotranspiration within a watershed.

The current RPA study improves on spatial and temporal scales compared to past RPA water assessments. It utilizes an enhanced version of the VIC model that resolves hydrological processes at the 4 kilometer (km) x 4 km grid resolution and daily time steps to project water yield and evapotranspiration based on bias-corrected and downscaled regional climate inputs. The analysis also incorporates improved parameterization of various model components for river basins across the conterminous U.S. (Oubeidillah et al. 2014; Naz et al. 2016). Hydrological responses are subsequently aggregated at the HUC 8 watershed scale for water shortage assessments (Heidari et al. 2021).

Current (1986 to 2015) daily precipitation and temperature are derived from Daymet (Thornton et al. 1997) and PRISM (Daly et al. 2008) datasets. The North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) dataset (Mesinger et al. 2006) is used to obtain historical wind speed data. Future climate conditions are characterized across pathways of climatic change associated with atmospheric warming (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5), using the five climate models described in the sidebar RPA Scenarios (table 9-2 in Warziniack et al. 2023), selected to span dry, wet, hot, least warm, and middle climate conditions across the conterminous United States. These climate projections are used to assess shifts in hydrological responses and hydroclimatic conditions. Land use is represented by historical conditions and is held constant over the assessment period.

Selected National Forest System (NFS) polygons from the federal ownership dataset for the conterminous United States (CONUS) were combined with state boundaries. We overlayed the HUC 8 30-year yield polygons with the NFS/state polygons and calculated a weighted average for yield in each resulting polygon. To determine water yield from forests and NFS forests, we did an additional overlay with the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) forest cover type raster. With this dataset you can calculate water yield from each national forest and state, the percent of state water yield that originates from all NFS land, and that from forested NFS land.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:
1. NARR - Mesinger et al. (2006)
2. NLCD
3. PRISM
4. Daymet - Thornton et al. (2022)


Additional references:

Cherkauer, Keith A.; Lettenmaier, Dennis P. 2003. Simulation of spatial variability in snow and frozen soil. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 108(22): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jd003575

Daly, Chrisopher; Halbleib, Michael; Smith, Joseph I.; Gibson, Wayne P.; Doggett, Matthew K.; Taylor, George H.; Curtis, Jan; Pasteris, Phillip P. 2008. Physiographically sensitive mapping of climatological temperature and precipitation across the conterminous United States. International Journal of Climatology. 28(15): 2031–2064. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1688

Heidari, Hadi; Arabi, Mazdak; Warziniack, Travis W. 2021. Vulnerability to water shortage under current and future water supply-demand conditions across U.S. river basins. Earth’s Future. 9(10): e2021EF002278. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002278 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/65102

Liang, Xu; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.; Wood, Eric F.; Burges, Stephen J. 1994. A simple hydrologically based model of land surface water and energy fluxes for general circulation models. Journal of Geophysical Research. 99(D7): 14415. https://doi.org/10.1029/94jd00483

Naz, Bibi S.; Kao, Shih-Chieh; Ashfaq, Moetasim; Rastogi, Deeksha; Mei, Rui; Bowling, Laura C. 2016. Regional hydrologic response to climate change in the conterminous United States using high-resolution hydroclimate simulations. Global and Planetary Change. 143: 100–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.06.003

Oubeidillah, A.A.; Kao, Shih-Chieh; Ashfaq, Moetasim; Naz, B.S.; Tootle, G. 2014. A large-scale, high-resolution hydrological model parameter data set for climate change impact assessment for the conterminous US. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 18(1): 67–84. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-67-2014

Thornton, Peter E.; Running, Steven W.; White, Michael A. 1997. Generating surfaces of daily meteorological variables over large regions of complex terrain. Journal of Hydrology. 190(3–4): 214–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(96)03128-9

Warziniack, Travis; Arabi, Mazdak; Froemke, Pamela; Ghosh, Rohini; Heidari, Hadi; Rasmussen, Shaundra; Swartzentruber, Ryan. 2023. Water Resources. In: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 2023. Future of America s Forest and Rangelands: Forest Service 2020 Resources Planning Act Assessment. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-102. Washington, DC: 9-1 - 9-20. Chapter 9. https://doi.org/10.2737/WO-GTR-102-Chap9
Process_Date: 2022
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Below you will find a list and description of the files included in this data publication.

VARIABLE DESCRIPTION FILE (1)

1. \Data\_variable_descriptions.csv: Comma-separated values (CSV) file containing a list and description of variables found in all data files. (A description of these variables is also provided below.)

Columns include:

Filename = Name of data file
Variable = Name of variable
Units = Units (if applicable)
Precision = Precision (if applicable)
Description = Description of variable


DATA FILES (5)

1. \Data\30Yr_Yield.csv: CSV file containing 30-year (1986-2015) annual average HUC 8 yield in millimeters (mm).

Variables include:

HUC08 = HUC 8 ID
Avg_Water_Yield__mm_ = 30-year (1986-2015) average annual water yield (mm)
Area_HUC8__sq_m_ = Area size of subbasin HUC 8 (square meters [m²])


2. \Data\WaterYieldFutureClimate_PET.csv: CSV file containing spatial changes in 30-year average of annual potential evapotranspiration (PET) in response to future climate change by mid-century (2041-2070) for: (a) RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 and (b) RCP 8.5.

Variables include:

HUC08 = HUC 8 ID
HIST = Historic potential evaporation (1986-2015) (million cubic meters [MCM])
D_NOR45m = RCP 4.5 Mid (percentage [%])
D_NOR85m = RCP 8.5 Mid (%)
D_IPSL45m = RCP 4.5 Dry (%)
D_IPSL85m = RCP 8.5 Dry (%)
D_CNRM45m = RCP 4.5 Wet (%)
D_CNRM85m = RCP 8.5 Wet (%)
D_MRI45m = RCP 4.5 Warm (%)
D_MRI85m = RCP 8.5 Warm (%)
D_HadGEM45 = RCP 4.5 Hot (%)
D_HadGEM85 = RCP 8.5 Hot (%)


3. \Data\WaterYieldFutureClimate_PPT.csv: CSV file containing spatial changes in 30-year average of annual precipitation in response to future climate change by mid-century (2041-2070) for: (a) RCP 4.5 and (b) RCP 8.5.

Variables include:

HUC08 = HUC 8 ID
HIST = Historic precipitation (1986-2015) (MCM)
D_NOR45m = RCP 4.5 Mid (%)
D_NOR85m = RCP 8.5 Mid (%)
D_IPSL45m = RCP 4.5 Dry (%)
D_IPSL85m = RCP 8.5 Dry (%)
D_CNRM45m = RCP 4.5 Wet (%)
D_CNRM85m = RCP 8.5 Wet (%)
D_MRI45m = RCP 4.5 Warm (%)
D_MRI85m = RCP 8.5 Warm (%)
D_HadGEM45 = RCP 4.5 Hot (%)
D_HadGEM85 = RCP 8.5 Hot (%)


4. \Data\WaterYieldFutureClimate_Yield.csv: CSV file containing spatial changes in 30-year average of annual water yield in response to future climate change by mid-century (2041-2070) for: (a) RCP 4.5 and (b) RCP 8.5.

Variables include:

HUC08 = HUC 8 ID
HIST = Historic precipitation (1986-2015) (MCM)
D_NOR45m = RCP 4.5 Mid (%)
D_NOR85m = RCP 8.5 Mid (%)
D_IPSL45m = RCP 4.5 Dry (%)
D_IPSL85m = RCP 8.5 Dry (%)
D_CNRM45m = RCP 4.5 Wet (%)
D_CNRM85m = RCP 8.5 Wet (%)
D_MRI45m = RCP 4.5 Warm (%)
D_MRI85m = RCP 8.5 Warm (%)
D_HadGEM45 = RCP 4.5 Hot (%)
D_HadGEM85 = RCP 8.5 Hot (%)


5. \Data\WaterYieldNFS.csv: CSV file containing water yield summarized by national forest, state, and forest landcover. (NFS = National Forest System)

Variables include:

STATE = State name
StateRegion = State region name (East, Midwest, Plains, South, West)
RPA_Region = RPA region name (North, Pacific Coast, Rocky Mountain, South)
RPA_SubRegion = RPA sub-region name
Fedland Name = Federal land name

Avg 30-yr Water Yield (mm) = Area-weighted average 30-year water yield in the NFS-State polygons (mm)
Shape_Length = Perimeter of the NFS-State-polygons (meters [m])
Shape_Area = Area of the NFS-State polygons (m²)
Water Yield by State (mm) = Average 30-year state water yield (mm)
NFS Percent of State Yield = Percent of total state water yield from NFS in NFS-State polygons (%)
Total NFS % of State Yield = Total percent of state water yield from NFS (%)
AreaForestCover (m²) = Area of forest landcover in NFS-State polygons (m²)
AreaForestCoverState (m²) = Area of state forest landcover (m²)
AreaForestCoverStateNFS (m²) = Area of state NFS forest landcover (m²)
Water Yield from Forest Cover (mm) = Area-weighted average 30-year water yield in the forest cover parts of the NFS-State polygons (mm)
Forest Cover % of State Yield = Percent of water yield from forest landcover in the NFS-State polygons (%)
SUM_PctYieldForestCover = Percent of state water yield from forest landcover (%)
NFS Forest Cover % of State Yield = Percent of water yield from NFS forest landcover in the NFS-State polygons (%)
SUM_PctYieldNFSForestCover = Percent of state water yield from NFS forest landcover (%)



SUPPLEMENTAL FILES (6)

1. \Supplements\FutureClimate_PET.jpg: Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) image file containing maps of spatial changes in 30-year average of annual potential evapotranspiration (PET) in response to future climate change, from current (1986-2015) to mid-century (2041-2070) for: (a) RCP 4.5 and (b) RCP 8.5.

2. \Supplements\FutureClimate_PPT.jpg: JPEG image file containing maps of spatial changes in 30-year average of annual precipitation in response to future climate change, from current (1986-2015) to mid-century (2041-2070) for: (a) RCP 4.5 and (b) RCP 8.5.

3. \Supplements\FutureClimate_Water_Yield.jpg: JPEG image file containing maps of spatial changes in 30-year average of annual water yield in response to future climate change, from current (1986-2015) to mid-century (2041-2070) for: (a) RCP 4.5 and (b) RCP 8.5.

4. \Supplements\Heidari_2020_water-12-01522-v2.pdf: Portable Document Format (PDF) file containing Heidari et al. (2020) "A probabilistic approach for characterization of sub-annual socioeconomic drought intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships in a changing environment."

5. \Supplements\Pct_WaterYield_from_Forest_Cover.jpg: JPEG image file containing a map of the percent of total state water yield that originates on forest landcover.

6. \Supplements\WaterYield_30-Year_Average.png: Portable Network Graphics (PNG) image file containing a map of the average annual water yield by HUC 8 for the baseline period (1986-2015).
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Heidari, Hadi; Arabi, Mazdak; Ghanbari, Mahshid; Warziniack, Travis W. 2020. A probabilistic approach for characterization of sub-annual socioeconomic drought intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships in a changing environment. Water. 12(6): 1522. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12061522

Warziniack, Travis; Arabi, Mazdak; Froemke, Pamela; Ghosh, Rohini; Heidari, Hadi; Rasmussen, Shaundra; Swartzentruber, Ryan. 2023. Water Resources. In: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 2023. Future of America s Forest and Rangelands: Forest Service 2020 Resources Planning Act Assessment. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-102. Washington, DC: 9-1 - 9-20. Chapter 9. https://doi.org/10.2737/WO-GTR-102-Chap9
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Research and Development
Contact_Position: Research Data Archivist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: see Contact Instructions
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of October 2023. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Resource_Description: RDS-2023-0003
Distribution_Liability:
Metadata documents have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Unless otherwise stated, all data and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. However, neither the author, the Archive, nor any part of the federal government can assure the reliability or suitability of these data for a particular purpose. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed for a user's application of these data or related materials.

The metadata, data, or related materials may be updated without notification. If a user believes errors are present in the metadata, data or related materials, please use the information in (1) Identification Information: Point of Contact, (2) Metadata Reference: Metadata Contact, or (3) Distribution Information: Distributor to notify the author or the Archive of the issues.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: CSV
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Comma-separated values file
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2023-0003
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: PDF
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Portable Document Format file
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2023-0003
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: JPEG
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Joint Photographic Experts Group image file
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2023-0003
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: PNG
Format_Version_Number: see Format Specification
Format_Specification:
Portable Network Graphic image file
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2023-0003
Fees: None
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20231019
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station
Contact_Person: Travis W. Warziniack
Contact_Position: Research Economist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 240 West Prospect Road
City: Fort Collins
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80526
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 970-498-1100
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: travis.w.warziniack@usda.gov
Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of original publication date. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
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