Pyrolysis gases produced by fast and slow pyrolysis of foliage samples from 15 plants common to the southeastern US coastal plain

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Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

none provided

Logical_Consistency_Report:

none provided

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Lineage:

Methodology:

Methodology_Type: Field

Methodology_Description:

Step 1

Intact plants in soil tubes were shipped overnight from nurseries to the Fletcher lab at Brigham Young University in Provo, UT to minimize moisture loss. Typically 3 or 4 species were shipped at a time.

Step 2

Plants also shipped to U.S. Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory in Madison, WI to determine a variety of physical properties including ultimate and proximate analysis. See Matt et al. (2020) (see Step 11) for more details.

Step 3

Upon arrival in Provo, a number of the plants of each species were allowed to dry out in the lab for approximately 1 week. The remainder of the plans were immediately processed within a day or two of arrival (kept moist by watering).

Step 4

Initial mass of the samples, proximate analysis (including moisture, ash, fixed carbon, and volatile content), ultimate analysis (or elemental analysis), and physical measurements (including width, length and thickness of the leaves and stem) were determined at the Forest Products Lab and at BYU.

Step 5

The flat flame burner was operated in a fuel-rich mode (equivalency ratio = 1.13). The fuel was a mixture of methane and hydrogen with air as an oxidizer. The hot post-flame products of the burner (CO2, H2O, CO) were used to heat plant samples convectively in an oxygen-free environment.

Step 6

During the radiation only experiments, a radiant panel set to 600 degrees C provided a 50 kW m-2 heat flux. Nitrogen gas was used to provide an oxygen-free environment for the radiation only experiments. The pyrolyzer (kerogen retort) heated fuel samples in a nitrogen (oxygen-free) environment.

Step 7

The pyrolysis products were collected above the exit of the burner(pyrolyzer); condensable products were collected on glass wool in test tubes and light gases were collected in Tedlar bags. See Documentation.zip for images of the setup.

Step 8

Each heating mode, moisture condition and plant species combination was replicated three times. Unfortunately, the replications of the radiation only data for gas and tar composition have been lost so reported mean values are included in the data set. Replications for the yield data set were not lost.

Step 9

Mass of tar determined by weighing glass wool, mass of char determined by weighing, mass of light gases determined by difference with initial sample mass.

Step 10

Pyrolysis product (gas, tar, char) yields were expressed on a dry ash-free basis as percentages. Light gas (CO, CO2, CH4, H2) amounts were expressed as weight percentages. Tar amounts were expressed as mole percentages. Initial analysis consisted of visual comparison of bar plots with associated error bars treating each product as univariate. Subsequent analysis treated the data as multivariate compositional data (CoDA).

Step 11

For more details on methods, see the following articles:

Amini, Elham. 2020. “Characterization of Slow Pyrolysis Behavior of Live and Dead Vegetation.” Dissertation, Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8448/

Amini, Elham, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, Jonathan T. DeYoung, David R. Weise, and Thomas H. Fletcher. 2019. “Characterization of Pyrolysis Products from Slow Pyrolysis of Live and Dead Vegetation Native to the Southern United States.” Fuel 235 (January): 1475–1491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.08.112 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/57548

Amini, Elham, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, David R. Weise, and Thomas H. Fletcher. 2019. “Pyrolysis Kinetics of Live and Dead Wildland Vegetation from the Southern United States.” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 142: 104613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2019.05.002

Safdari, M. S. 2018. “Characterization of Pyrolysis Products from Fast Pyrolysis of Live and Dead Vegetation.” Dissertation, Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8807/

Safdari, Mohammad-Saeed, Elham Amini, David R. Weise, and Thomas H. Fletcher. 2019. “Heating Rate and Temperature Effects on Pyrolysis Products from Live Wildland Fuels.” Fuel 242 (April): 295–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.01.040 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/58776

Safdari, Mohammad-Saeed, Elham Amini, David R. Weise, and Thomas H. Fletcher. 2020. “Comparison of Pyrolysis of Live Wildland Fuels Heated by Radiation vs. Convection.” Fuel 268: 117342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117342 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/60807

Safdari, Mohammad-Saeed, Mahmood Rahmati, Elham Amini, Joel E. Howarth, Jansen P. Berryhill, Mark Dietenberger, David R. Weise, and Thomas H. Fletcher. 2018. “Characterization of Pyrolysis Products from Fast Pyrolysis of Live and Dead Vegetation Native to the Southern United States.” Fuel 229 (October): 151–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.04.166 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/56178

Weise, D.R., Thomas H. Fletcher, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, Elham Amini, and Javier Palarea-Albaladejo. 2021. “Application of Compositional Data Analysis to Determine the Effects of Heating Mode, Moisture Status and Plant Species on Pyrolyzates.” International Journal of Wildland Fire 31 (1): 24–45. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF20126 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/62881

Matt, Frederick J., Mark A. Dietenberger, and David R. Weise. 2020. “Summative and Ultimate Analysis of Live Leaves from Southern U.S. Forest Plants for Use in Fire Modeling.” Energy & Fuels, no. 34 (March): 4703–4720. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b04107 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/60156 (NOTE: This article contains detailed description of the processes and analyses associated with the summative and ultimate analysis of foliage from the plant samples.)

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

This metadata document was prepared to be a catalog entry in the Forest Service Research Data Archive and might have a few slight differences from the original metadata.

Process_Date: 20240610

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

Files available in this data product:

1. Saeed_Safdari_Dissertation.pdf: PDF file containing the dissertation describing fast pyrolysis experiments of live southern plants.

2. Elham_Amini_Dissertation.pdf: PDF file containing the dissertation describing TGA-like pyrolysis experiments of live southern plants.

3. Pyrolysis_Gases_Produce_By_Fast_and_Slow_Pyrolysis_flmd.csv: CSV file containing a list and description of the files available for this data product.

4. All_Pyro.csv: CSV file containing the composition and amount of pyrolysis products produced by fast and slow pyrolysis of 15 common plants from the southeastern U.S.

5. All_Pyro_dd.csv: CSV file containing the data dictionary for All_Pyro.csv.

6. Flat_flame_burner_yields.csv: CSV file containing the yield of tar, char and gases produced by fast pyrolysis of 15 common plants from the southeastern U.S. in a flat flame burner & radiant panel apparatus.

7. Flat_flame_burner_yields_dd.csv: CSV file containing the data dictionary for Flat_flame_burner_yields.csv.

8. Plant_samples_composition.csv: CSV file containing the composition and amount of pyrolysis products produced by fast and slow pyrolysis of 15 common plants from the southeastern U.S.

9. Plant_samples_composition_dd.csv: CSV file containing the data dictionary for Plant_samples_composition.csv.

10. Publications.txt: Text file listing publications associated with this data product that are in the public domain.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

Amini, Elham. 2020. “Characterization of Slow Pyrolysis Behavior of Live and Dead Vegetation.” Dissertation, Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8448/

Amini, Elham, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, Jonathan T. DeYoung, David R. Weise, and Thomas H. Fletcher. 2019. “Characterization of Pyrolysis Products from Slow Pyrolysis of Live and Dead Vegetation Native to the Southern United States.” Fuel 235 (January): 1475–1491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.08.112 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/57548

Amini, Elham, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, David R. Weise, and Thomas H. Fletcher. 2019. “Pyrolysis Kinetics of Live and Dead Wildland Vegetation from the Southern United States.” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 142: 104613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2019.05.002

Safdari, M. S. 2018. “Characterization of Pyrolysis Products from Fast Pyrolysis of Live and Dead Vegetation.” Dissertation, Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8807/

Safdari, Mohammad-Saeed, Elham Amini, David R. Weise, and Thomas H. Fletcher. 2019. “Heating Rate and Temperature Effects on Pyrolysis Products from Live Wildland Fuels.” Fuel 242 (April): 295–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.01.040 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/58776

Safdari, Mohammad-Saeed, Elham Amini, David R. Weise, and Thomas H. Fletcher. 2020. “Comparison of Pyrolysis of Live Wildland Fuels Heated by Radiation vs. Convection.” Fuel 268: 117342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117342 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/60807

Safdari, Mohammad-Saeed, Mahmood Rahmati, Elham Amini, Joel E. Howarth, Jansen P. Berryhill, Mark Dietenberger, David R. Weise, and Thomas H. Fletcher. 2018. “Characterization of Pyrolysis Products from Fast Pyrolysis of Live and Dead Vegetation Native to the Southern United States.” Fuel 229 (October): 151–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.04.166 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/56178

Weise, D.R., Thomas H. Fletcher, Mohammad-Saeed Safdari, Elham Amini, and Javier Palarea-Albaladejo. 2021. “Application of Compositional Data Analysis to Determine the Effects of Heating Mode, Moisture Status and Plant Species on Pyrolyzates.” International Journal of Wildland Fire 31 (1): 24–45. https://doi.org/10.1071/WF20126 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/62881

Matt, Frederick J., Mark A. Dietenberger, and David R. Weise. 2020. “Summative and Ultimate Analysis of Live Leaves from Southern U.S. Forest Plants for Use in Fire Modeling.” Energy & Fuels, no. 34 (March): 4703–4720. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b04107 and https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/60156

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20240624

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station

Contact_Person: David R. Weise

Contact_Position: Research Forester

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical

Address: 4955 Canyon Crest Drive

City: Riverside

State_or_Province: CA

Postal_Code: 92507

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 951-680-1500

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: david.weise@usda.gov

Contact Instructions: This contact information was current as of original publication date. For current information see Contact Us page on: https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS.

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999