Nancy E. Grulke
Research Forest Ecologist
Ecological Process and Function
Deschutes National Forest
63095 Deschutes Market Road
Bend, OR 97701
United States
63095 Deschutes Market Road
Bend, OR 97701
United States
Phone
541-383-5479
Current Research
- Development of a remote detection system for canopy health attributes and tree species identification using high resolution, multispectral imagery (cooperators: PJ Riggan; H Maffei)
- Identifying the threshold of physiological drought stress that permits susceptibility to bark beetle in Jeffrey pine (cooperators: SJ Seybold; A Graves)
- Long term plant community succession in arctic tundra (Arctic National Wildlife Refuge) and subalpine forests (Niwot Ridge, CO)
Research Interest
Understanding environmental tipping points that affect multiple trophic levels, such as:
- Linkages between air pollution, drought, and increased forest susceptibility to wildfire
- Linkages between drought, stand density, physiological tree drought stress, and level of bark beetle attack
- Understanding environmental stressors (drought, elevated O3 exposure) and growth enhancers (CO2 enrichment, N deposition) on plant carbon and water balance.
Featured Publications
- Coleman, Tom W.; Grulke, Nancy E.; Daly, Miles; Godinez, Cesar; Schilling, Susan L.; Riggan, Philip J.; Seybold, Steven J.. 2011. Coast live oak, Quercus agrifolia, susceptibility and response to goldspotted oak borer, Agrilus auroguttatus, injury in southern California
- Grulke, NE. 2010. Plasticity in physiological traits in conifers: implications for response to climate change in the western U.S
- McGlynn, Daniel; Grulke, Nancy [featured scientist]. 2010. An emerging triad: air pollution, beetles, and wildfire
- Grulke, Nancy E.. 2009. Interactive effects of climate and wildland fires on forests and other ecosystems—section III synthesis
- Grulke, N.E.; Minnich, R.A.; Paine, T.D.; Seybold, S.J.; Chavez, D.J.; Fenn, M.E.; Riggan, P.J.; Dunn, A.. 2009. Air pollution increases forest susceptibility to wildfires: A case study in the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California
Other Publications
- Schrader-Patton, Charlie ; Grulke, Nancy ; Bienz, Craig. 2021. Assessment of ponderosa pine vigor using four-band aerial imagery in south central Oregon: Crown objects to landscapes
- Schrader-Patton, Charlie ; Grulke, Nancy E.; Ott, Jacqueline. 2020. Monitoring land surface phenology in near real time by using PhenoMap
- Grulke, Nancy ; Maxfield, Jason ; Riggan, Phillip ; Schrader-Patton, Charlie. 2020. Pre-emptive detection of mature pine drought stress using multispectral aerial imagery
- Bienz, Craig ; Parsons, Russell ; Grulke, Nancy ; Sauerbrey, Katie. 2020. Sharing the road: Managers and scientists transforming fire management
- Grantz, David A.; Linscheid, Brandon S.; Grulke, Nancy E.. 2019. Differential responses of stomatal kinetics and steady‐state conductance to abscisic acid in a fern: comparison with a gymnosperm and an angiosperm
- Grulke, Nancy E.; Heath, R. L.. 2019. Ozone effects on plants in natural ecosystems
- Spruce, ; Hicke, ; Hargrove, ; Grulke, Nancy; Meddens,. 2019. Use of MODIS NDVI products to map tree mortality levels in forests affected by mountain pine beetle outbreaks
- Paoletti, Elena ; Grulke, Nancy E.; Matyssek, Rainer. 2019. Ozone amplifies water loss from mature trees in the short term but decreases it in the long term
- Preisler, Haiganoush K.; Grulke, Nancy E.; Heath, Zachary; Smith, Sheri L.. 2017. Analysis and out-year forecast of beetle, borer, and drought-induced tree mortality in California
- Schrader-Patton, Charlie; Grulke, Nancy E.; Dressen, Melissa E.. 2016. Characterizing a forest insect outbreak in Colorado by using MODIS NDVI phenology data and aerial detection survey data
- Sicard, P.; Augustaitis, A.; Belyazid, S.; Calfapietra, C.; De Marco, A.; Fenn, Mark E.; Bytnerowicz, Andrzej; Grulke, Nancy; He, S.; Matyssek, R.; Serengil, Y.; Wieser, G.; Paoletti, E.. 2016. Global topics and novel approaches in the study of air pollution, climate change and forest ecosystems
- Maffei, Helen M.; Filip, Gregory M.; Grulke, Nancy E.; Oblinger, Brent W.; Margolis, Ellis Q.; Chadwick, Kristen L.. 2016. Pruning high-value Douglas-fir can reduce dwarf mistletoe severity and increase longevity in Central Oregon
- Chappelka, A. H.; Grulke, N. E.; De Kok, L.. 2015. Disruption of the ‘disease triangle’ by chemical and physical environmental change
- Grantz, D. A.; Paudel, R.; Vu, H.-B.; Shrestha, A.; Grulke, Nancy; De Kok, L. J.. 2015. Diel trends in stomatal response to ozone and water deficit: a unique relationship of midday values to growth and allometry in Pima cotton?
- Coleman, Tom W.; Chen, Yigen; Graves, Andrew D.; Hishinuma, Stacy M.; Grulke, Nancy E.; Flint, Mary Louise; Seybold, Steven J.. 2014. Developing monitoring techniques for the invasive goldspotted oak borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in California
- Barrios-Masias, Felipe H.; Chetelat, Roger T.; Grulke, Nancy E.; Jackson, Louise E.. 2014. Use of introgression lines to determine the ecophysiological basis for changes in water use efficiency and yield in California processing tomatoes
- Büker, P.; Morrissey, T.; Briolat, A.; Falk, R.; Simpson, D.; Tuovinen, J.-P.; Alonso, R.; Barth, S.; Baumgarten, M.; Grulke, N.; Karlsson, P.E.; King, J.; Lagergren, F.; Matyssek, R.; Nunn, A.; Ogaya, R.; Peñuelas, J.; Rhea, L.; Schaub, M.; Uddling, J.; Werner, W.; Emberson, L.D.. 2012. DO<sub>3</sub>SE modelling of soil moisture to determine ozone flux to forest trees
- Serengil, Y.; Augustaitis, A.; Bytnerowicz, Andrzej; Grulke, Nancy; Kozovitz, A.R.; Matyssek, R.; Müller-Starck, G.; Schaub, M.; Wieser, G.; Coskun, A.A.; Paoletti, E.. 2011. Adaptation of forest ecosystems to air pollution and climate change: a global assessment on research priorities
- Pataki, Diane; Carreiro, Margaret; Cherrier, Jennifer; Grulke, Nancy; Jennings, Viniece; Pincetl, Stephanie; Pouyat, Richard; Whitlow, Thomas; Zipperer, Wayne. 2011. Coupling biogeochemical cycles in urban environments: Ecosystemservices, green solutions, and misconceptions
- Grulke, Nancy. 2011. The nexus of host and pathogen phenology: understanding the disease triangle with climate change
- Grulke, N.E.; Minnich, R.A.; Paine, T.; Riggan, P.. 2010. Air pollution increases forest susceptibility to wildfires: a case study for the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California
- Lorenz, M.; Clarke, N.; Paoletti, E.; Bytnerowicz, A.; Grulke, N.; Lukina, N.; Sase, H.; Staelens, J.. 2010. Air pollution impacts on forests in changing climate
- Paoletti, E.; Grulke, N.E.. 2010. Ozone exposure and stomatal sluggishness in different plant physiognomic classes
- Pataki, DE; Eanderson, JT; Want, W; Herzenach, MK; Grulke, NE. 2010. Chapter 19: The carbon isotope composition of plants and soils as biomarkers of pollution
- Paoletti, E; Grulke, NE; Bytnerowicz, A. 2009. More harmful climate change impacts in polluted forests – a review
- Handley, T.; Grulke, Nancy. 2008. Interactive effects of O<sub>3</sub> exposure on California black oak (Quercus kelloggii Newb.) seedlings with and without N amendment
- Paoletti, Elena; Bytnerowicz, Andrzej; Andersen, Chris; Augustaitis, Algirdas; Ferretti, Marco; Grulke, Nancy; Gunthardt-goerg, Madeleine S.; Innes, John; Johnson, Dale; Karnosky, Dave; Luangjame, Jessada; Matyssek, Rainer; McNulty, Steven; Muller-Starck, Gerhard; Musselman, Robert; Percy, Kevin. 2007. Impacts of air pollution and climate change on forest ecosystems - emerging research needs
- Tausz, Michael; Grulke, Nancy E.; Wieser, Gerhard. 2007. Defense and avoidance of ozone under global change
- Grulke, Nancy; Paoletti, E.; Heath, R.L.. 2007. Comparison of calculated and measured foliar O<sub>3</sub> flux in crop and forest species
- Grulke, Nancy; Paoletti, E.; Heath, R. L.. 2007. Chronic <em>vs.</em> Short-Term Acute O <sub>3</sub> Exposure Effects on Nocturnal Transpiration in Two Californian Oaks
- Staszak, J.; Grulke, Nancy; Marrett, M.J.; Prus-Glowacki, W.. 2007. Isozyme markers associated with O<sub>3</sub> tolerance indicate shift in genetic structure of ponderosa and Jeffrey pine in Sequoia National Park, California
- Grulke, Nancy; Neufeld, H. S.; Davison, A. W.; Roberts, M.; Chappelka, A. H.. 2006. Stomatal behavior of ozone-sensitive and -insensitive coneflowers ( <em>Rudbeckia laciniata</em> var. <em>digitata</em> ) in Great Smoky Mountains National Park
- Grulke, Nancy; Dobrowolski, W.; Mingus, P.; Fenn, M.E.. 2005. California black oak response to nitrogen amendment at a high O<sub>3</sub>, nitrogen-saturated site
- Grulke, Nancy; Alonso, R.; Nguyen, T.; Cascio, C.; Dobrowolski, W.. 2004. Stomata open at night in pole-sized and mature ponderosa pine: implications for O<sub>3</sub> exposure metrics
- Arbaugh, Michael; Bytnerowicz, Andrzej; Grulke, Nancy; Fenn, Mark; Poth, Mark; Temple, Patrick; Miller, Paul. 2003. Photochemical smog effects in mixed conifer forests along a natural gradient of ozone and nitrogen deposition in the San Bernardino Mountains
- Grulke, Nancy; Johnson, R.; Monschein, S.; Nikolova, P.; Tausz, M.. 2003. Variation in morphological and biochemical O<sub>3</sub> injury attributes of mature Jeffrey pine within canopies and between microsites
- Bytnerowicz, Andrzej; Tausz, Michael; Alonso, Rocio; Jones, David; Johnson, Ronald; Grulke, Nancy. 2002. Summer-time distribution of air pollutants in Sequoia National Park, California
- Grulke, N.E.; Preisler, H.K.; Rose, C.; Kirsch, J.; Balduman, L.. 2002. O<sub>3</sub> uptake and drought stress effects on carbon acquisition of ponderosa pine in natural stands
- Grulke, N.E.; Preisler, H.K.; Fan, C.C.; Retzlaff, W.A.. 2002. A statistical approach to estimate O<sub>3</sub> uptake of ponderosa pine in a mediterranean climate
- Grulke, Nancy E.; Andersen, Chris P.; Hogsett, William E.. 2001. Seasonal changes in above- and belowground carbohydrate concentrations of ponderosa pine along a pollution gradient
- Grulke, Nancy E.; Retzlaff, William A.. 2001. Changes in physiological attributes of ponderosa pine from seedling to mature tree
- Grulke, Nancy; Balduman, L.. 1999. Deciduous conifers: high n deposition and o<sub>3</sub> exposure effects on growth and biomass allocation in ponderosa pine
- Grulke, Nancy E.; Miller, Paul R.; Leininger, Theodor D.. 1998. Effect of ozone exposure on seasonal gas exchange of five western conifers
- Grulke, Nancy; Andersen, C.P.; Fenn, M.E.; Miller, P.R.. 1998. Ozone exposure and nitrogen deposition lowers root biomass of ponderosa pine in the San Bernardino Mountains, California
- Grulke, Nancy; Miller, P.R.; Scioli, D.. 1996. Response of giant sequoia canopy foliage to elevated concentrations of atmospheric ozone
- Miller, P.R.; Grulke, Nancy; Stolte, K.W.. 1994. Air pollution effects on giant sequoia ecosystems.
- Oechel, Walter C.; Cowles, Sid; Grulke, Nancy; Hastings, Steven J.; Lawrence, Bill; Prudhomme, Tom; Riechers, George; Strain, Boyd; Tissue, David; Vourlitis, George. 1994. Transient nature of CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization in arctic tundra
- Oechel, Walter C.; Hastings, Steven J.; Vourlitis, George; Jenkins, Mitchell; Riechers, George; Grulke, Nancy. 1993. Recent change of artic tundra ecosystems from a net carbon dioxide sink to a source
- Grulke, Nancy; Hom, J.L.; Roberts, S.W.. 1993. Physiological adjustment of two full-sib families of ponderosa pine to elevated CO<sub>2</sub>
Research Highlights
A New Tool for Detecting and Attributing Cause of Tree Decline
Year: 2016
Insects and pathogens generally first kill branches at the top of a tree, whereas drought affects the lower branches first. Unlike satellite imagery, high-resolution imagery collected via small aircraft can detect these differences. This information, gathered over vast areas, helps land managers ide...
Statistical Prediction of Tree Mortality in California
Year: 2016
Large parts of California are currently experiencing dramatic levels of tree loss due to a combination of drought and bark beetles. Forest Service scientists developed forecasts of bark beetle locations and intensity of tree damage 6 months prior to completion of aerial surveys, enabling land manage...
Rapid forest health assessment to aid forest restoration
Year: 2017
Tool pre-loads maps trees in poor health to iPads for field verification and use.
Early tree mortality forecasts help California mitigate fire risk
Year: 2017
Forecasts help protect public health and property.
New tool helps in rapid forest health assessment to aid forest restoration
Year: 2017
Tool pre-loads maps of trees in poor health to iPads for field verification and use.
Remote Sensing Tools Preemptively Detect Drought-Stressed Pines with 80% Accuracy
Year: 2020
Large swaths of dead trees across a landscape pose an extreme fire hazard, as seen in the southern Sierra Nevada range of California. Researchers developed a method that uses remote sensing and spectral sensing to pre-emptively identify drought-stressed trees. Forest managers can use this advance no...