Forest Insect & Disease Leaflets (FIDLs)
The coconut rhinoceros beetle Oryctes rhinoceros is a major pest of coconut, oil and ornamental palms on many tropical islands across the Pacific Ocean. This FIDL describes its historic spread, natural history, damage, and provides practical methods for monitoring and management.
FIDLs Overview
The Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet (FIDL) series includes over 180 leaflets, produced under the auspices of the US Forest Service's Forest Health Protection staff and state partners. Each FIDL provides information about one -- or several closely related -- insect or disease affecting forest trees in the United States. FIDLs describe their subject's distribution, appearance, life cycle, symptoms, and management. The FIDL series includes a broad range of insects and pathogens from across the United States with both conifer and broad-leaf tree hosts. The early publications in this series (1955-late 1970's) were called "Forest Pest Leaflets".
FIDLs are prepared or revised when local forest entomologists and pathologists recognize a need for high-quality, concise information about an important forest insect or disease and come together to prepare and develop new editions. We welcome offers to revise existing FIDLs and prepare new ones. Approximately 10 New or Revised FIDLs are in preparation at all times. If you would like to write a FIDL, please contact your regional FIDL Contact or the National FIDL Coordinator, Karen Ripley, for more information.
FIDL Publications
By selecting the "+" icon of a row, additional information, such as citation, of that row will be displayed.
Bark Beetles & Wood Borers
Defoliator
Seed & Cone, Seedling Insects
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 23 The Texas Leaf-Cutting Ant Atta texana 63 White Grubs in Forest Tree Nurseries and Plantations Phyllophaga species 83 White-Pine Cone Beetle Conophthorus coniperda 112 The Sugar Pine Cone Beetle Conophthorus lambertianae 126 Slash Pine Seedworm Laspeyresia anaranjada 189 Cone and Seed Insects of Southwestern White Pine Dioryctria abietivorella, Eupithecia spermaphaga, Conopthorus ponderosae, Leptoglossus occidentalis Shoot, Twig, & Tip Insects
15 Pine Reproduction Weevil Cylindrocopturus eatoni 21 White-Pine Weevil Pissodes strobi 46 Gouty Pitch Midge Retinodiplosis inopis 47 Sitka Spruce Weevil Pissodes strobi 58 SouthWestern Pine Tip Moth Rhyacionia neomexicana 59 European Pine Tip Moth Rhyacionia bouliana 70 Nantucket Pine Tip Moth Rhyacionia frustrana 103 Ponderosa Pine Tip Moth Rhyacionia zozana 104 Pales Weevil Hylobius pales 106 Zimmerman Pine Moth Dioryctria zimmermani 125 Yellow-Poplar Weevil Odontopus calceatus Sucking Insects
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 3 Saratoga Spittlebug Aphrophora saratogensis 10 Red Pine Scale Matsucoccus resinosae 57 Pine Tortoise Scale Tourmeyella numismaticum 91 Black Pineleaf Scale Nuculaspis californica 92 The Tuliptree Scale Tourmeyella liriodendri 95 Boxelder Bugs Boisea trivittata 107 Fiorinia Externa Ferris, a Scale Insect of Hemlock Fiorinia externa 118 Balsam Woolly Adelgid Adelges piceae 148 Pinyon Needle Scale Matsucoccus acalyptus 178 Woolly Pine Scale Pseudophilippia quaintancii
Canker
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 6 Hypoxylon Canker of Aspen Hypoxylon mammatum 33 Canker-Rots of Southern Hardwoods Inonotus hispidus 35 Pitch Canker of Southern Pines Fusarium lateritium f. pini 84 Nectria Canker of Hardwoods Nectria galligena 94 Chestnut Blight Endothia parasitica 101 Strumella Canker of Oaks Strumella coryneoidea 130 Scleroderris Canker of Northern Conifers Gremmeniella abietina 136 Eutypela Canker of Maple Eutypella parasitica 138 Atropellis Canker of Pines Atropellis pinicola 146 Cytospora Canker of True Firs Cytospora abietis 152 Cankers on Western Quaking Aspen Cytospora chrysosperma Defoliator
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 190 Rhabdocline Needle Cast of Douglas-fir Rhabdocline spp. Foliage Diseases
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 28 Needle Cast of Southern Pines Hypoderma species 42 Elytroderma Disease of Ponderosa Pine Elytroderma deformans 44 Brown-Spot Needle Blight of Pines Scirrhia acicola 61 Needle Discolorations of Western Larch Hypodermella laricis 85 Walnut Anthracnose Gnomonia leptostyla 133 Anthracnose Diseases of Eastern Hardwoods Apiognomonia species 143 Dothistroma Needle Blight of Pines Mycosphaerella pini 161 Diplodia Blight of Pines Sphaeropsis sapinea 166 Sirococcus Shoot Blight Sirococcus strobilinus 181 Swiss Needle Cast Nothophaeocryptopus gaeumannii Mistletoes
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 18 Lodgepole Pine Dwarf Mistletoe Arceuthobium americanum 19 superseded by FIDL #40 Arceuthobium vaginatum 40 Dwarf Mistletoes of Ponderosa Pine Arceuthobium vaginatum subsp. cryptopodum 54 Douglas-fir Dwarf Mistletoe Arceuthobium douglasii 89 Fir Dwarf Mistletoe Arceuthobium abietinum 113 Sugar Pine and Western White Pine Dwarf Mistletoes Arceuthobium californicum 135 Hemlock Dwarf Mistletoe Arceuthobium tsugense 147 Mistletoes on Hardwoods of the United States Phoradendron macrophyllum 158 Eastern Spruce Dwarf Mistletoe Arceuthobium pusillum 164 Phoradendron on Conifers Phoradendron juniperinum 169 Larch Dwarf Mistletoe Arceuthobium laricis 171 Limber Pine Dwarf Mistletoe Arceuthobium cyanocarpum 173 Gray Pine Dwarf Mistletoe Arceuthobium occidentale 174 Pinyon Pine Dwarf Mistletoe Arceuthobium divaricatum Nursery Diseases
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 32 Nursery Diseases of Southern Pines Pythium species 137 Nursery Diseases of Southern Hardwoods Fusarium solani 154 Phomopsis Blight of Junipers Phomopsis juniperovora 157 Nursery Diseases of Western Conifers Rosellinia herpotrichoides Root Diseases and Wilts
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 20 Littleleaf Disease Phytophthora cinnamomi 29 Oak Wilt Ceratocystis fagacearum 76 Heterobasidion Root Disease in Eastern Conifers Heterobasidion irregulare 78 Armillaria Root Disease Armillaria ostoyae 128 Sapstreak Disease of Sugar Maple Ceratocystis coerulescens 131 Port-Orford-Cedar Root Disease Phytophthora lateralis 145 Black Stain Root Disease of Conifers Leptographium wageneri 159 Laminated Root Rot of Western Conifers Phellinus weirii 172 Annosus Root Rot in Western Conifers Heterobasidion annosum 188 Armillaria Root Disease in Conifers of Western North America Armillaria solidipes Rots & Decays
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 25 The Heart Rots of Redwood Oligoporus sequoiae 30 Heart Rots of Incense-Cedar Oligoporus amarus 38 Heart Rots of Appalachian Hardwoods Stereum frustulosum 43 Butt Rot of Southern Hardwoods Hericium erinaceus 48 superseded by FIDL #159 Poria weirii 52 Decays of White, Grand, and Red Firs Pholiota adiposa 73 Heart Rots of Douglas-fir Phellinus pini 88 White Trunk Rot of Hardwoods Phellinus igniarius 90 Heart Rots of Western Hemlock Heterobasidion annosum 93 Rust-Red Stringy Rot caused by the Indian Paint Fungus Echinodontium tinctorium 100 Heart Rots of Balsam Fir Corticium galactinum 110 Decay and Discoloration of Sugar Maple Phialophora melinii 123 Red Rot of Ponderosa Pine Dichomitus squalens 140 Heart Rots of Central Region Hardwoods Armillaria mellea 149 Decay and Discoloration of Aspen Phellinus igniarius 150 Decays of Engelmann Spruce and Subalpine Fir in the Rocky Mountains Inonotus tomentosus 177 Schweinitzii Root and Butt Rot of Western Conifers Phaeolus schweinitzii Rusts
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 26 Fusiform Rust of Southern Pines Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme 27 Southern Cone Rust Cronartium strobilium 36 White Pine Blister Rust Cronartium ribicola 50 Western Gall Rust on Hard Pines Endocronartium harknessii 62 Comandra Blister Rust Cronartium comandrae 79 Sweetfern Rust on Hard Pines Cronartium comptoniae 80 Eastern Gall Rust Cronartium quercuum 87 Fir Broom Rust Melampsorella caryophyllacearum
Multiple Agents (Complexes)
FIDL # Title Scientific Name 75 Beech Bark Disease Cryptococcus fagisuga 165 Oak Decline Armillaria mellea
Unknown Agents
FIDL # Title 16 Pole Blight of Western White Pine 37 Sweetgum Blight 51 Dry Face of Naval Stores Pines
Want to Write or Revise a FIDL?
We welcome offers to revise existing FIDLs or create new ones. View guidelines for authors. Please contact your regional FIDL contact or the national FIDL coordinator, Karen Ripley (503-808-2674, karen.ripley@usda.gov) if you are thinking of revising or writing a FIDL.