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Missoula Technology & Development Center

Work Capacity Test Administrator's Guide

Introduction

Studies of wildland firefighting clearly show the link between fitness and work performance. Fit workers can do more work with less fatigue and still have a reserve to meet unforeseen emergencies. They perform better in a hot environment and recover faster from adverse firefighting conditions, such as long shifts and reduced rest. In short, fitness is the most important factor in work capacity. Beginning in 1975, Federal agencies used a 5-minute step test and an alternative 1.5-mile run to screen candidates for wildland firefighting. In 1994, the Missoula Technology and Development Center (MTDC) began reviewing alternative ways of testing work capacity. The center conducted a comprehensive job task analysis and extensive laboratory and field studies of proposed tests. The result is a family of job-related field tests to determine a worker’s capacity to meet National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG) 310–1 standards for wildland firefighters (Wildland Fire Qualification Subsystem Guide 310–1, NWCG, 1993). Tests were developed for workers with arduous, moderate, or light duties (table 1).

Arduous—“Duties involve field work requiring physical performance calling for above-average endurance and superior conditioning. These duties may include an occasional demand for extraordinarily strenuous activities in emergencies under adverse environmental conditions and over extended periods. Requirements include running, walking, climbing, jumping, twisting, bending, and lifting more than 50 pounds; the pace of work typically is set by the emergency condition.” —NWCG 310–1

The pack test is a job-related test of the capacity for arduous work. It consists of a 3-mile hike with a 45-pound pack over level terrain. A time of 45 minutes, the passing score for the test, approximates an aerobic fitness score of 45, the established standard for wildland firefighters. The energy cost of the test is similar to the energy cost demanded on the job. The test is correlated to measures of performance in field tasks such as working with handtools or carrying loads over rough terrain and with measures of aerobic and muscular fitness. The test’s length ensures that successful participants will have the capacity to perform prolonged arduous work under adverse conditions, with a reserve to meet emergencies.

Moderate—“Duties involve field work requiring complete control of all physical faculties and may include considerable walking over irregular ground, standing for long periods, lifting 25 to 50 pounds, climbing, bending, stooping, squatting, twisting, and reaching. Occasional demands may be required for moderately strenuous activities in emergencies over long periods. Individuals usually set their own work pace.” —NWCG 310–1

The field test is a job-related test of work capacity designed for those with moderately strenuous duties. It consists of a 2-mile hike with a 25-pound pack. A time of 30 minutes, the passing score, approximates an aerobic fitness score of 40.

Light—“Duties mainly involve office-type work with occasional field activity characterized by light physical exertion requiring basic good health. Activities may include climbing stairs, standing, operating a vehicle, and long hours of work, as well as some bending, stooping, or light lifting. Individuals almost always can govern the extent and pace of their physical activity.” —NWCG 310–1

The walk test is designed to determine the ability to carry out light duties. It consists of a 1-mile test with no load that approximates an aerobic fitness score of 35. A time of 16 minutes, the passing score for the test, ensures the ability to meet emergencies and evacuate to a safety zone. The instructions for the pack test also apply to the field and walk tests. Test requirements for a given position may change. Consult the latest version of NWCG 310–1 for the current requirements.

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