Wildland fire and fuel management: principles for effective communication

In this paper we discuss four principles identified through recent research for effective citizen-agency communication and examine their use in accomplishing fire management objectives. Principles include the following: (1) effective communication is a product of effective planning; (2) both unidirectional (one-way) and interactive approaches are part of successful outreach programs; (3) communication activities that focus on local conditions and concerns can decrease citizen uncertainty and build their capacity to participate in solutions; (4) a comprehensive communication strategy will emphasize meaningful interaction among participants and build trust along the way. Ultimately, a long-term commitment to outreach and education will yield positive outcomes for resource professionals and citizen stakeholders.