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  1. Production & germination of paper birch seed and its dispersal into a forest opening

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    Author(s): John C. Bjorkbom; John C. Bjorkbom
    Date: 1971
    Source: Res. Pap. Ne-209. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 14 p.
    Publication Series: Research Paper (RP)
    Station: Northeastern Research Station
    PDF: View PDF  (1.84 MB)

    Description

    Knowledge of the seed-crop characteristics of paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) is essential to the success of carefully planned silvicultural measures aimed at the natural regeneration of this species. In general, we know how much seed is produced, when it is dispersed, and what its germination characteristics are. But more specific information about all three factors is needed to provide silviculturists with a sound basis for developing methods of regenerating paper birch that forest managers can apply successfully.

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    • This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time, and is therefore in the public domain.

    Citation

    Bjorkbom, John C. 1971. Production & germination of paper birch seed and its dispersal into a forest opening. Res. Pap. Ne-209. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 14 p.

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