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Benchmark carbon stocks from old-growth forests in northern New England, USA

Forests world-wide are recognized as important components of the global carbon cycle. Carbon sequestration has become a recognized forest management objective, but the full carbon storage potential of forests is not well understood. The premise of this study is that old-growth forests can be expected to provide a reasonable estimate of the upper limits of carbon...

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Author(s):

Coeli M. Hoover; William B. Leak; Brian G. Keel

Year:

2012

Keywords:

old-growth forests, forest carbon stocks, second-growth forests

Source:

Forest Ecology and Management. 266: 108-114.

Stocking, growth, and habitat relations in New Hampshire hardwoods

Data from hardwood stands in New Hampshire substantiated the crown-width relationships used to develop the B-line (based on circular crowns) in the 1969 northern hardwood stocking guide, and produced an A-line slightly lower than the original line. Position of the A-line was unrelated to site or forest type. Diameter growth of hardwoods on moist and dry soils declined...

Author(s):

William B. Leak

Year:

1983

Keywords:

Stocking, growth, habitat, site, northern hardwoods

Source:

Res. Pap. NE-523. Broomall, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiement Station. 11p.

Historical (1749-1899) vs. present-day sugar maple and beech diameter growth in the northeast

Possible environmental impacts in the Northeast from climate change, acid deposition, nutrient depletion, and other factors could retard tree growth and development in the northeastern United States. To gain insight into growth trends before the 20th century, approximately 150 years of radial growth records taken in 1899 on sugar maple and beech were examined and...

Author(s):

William B. Leak

Year:

2011

Keywords:

D.b.h., growth, sugar maple, beech, growth decline, historical growth rates

Source:

Res. Pap. NRS-16. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 4 p.

Regeneration after cutting of old-growth northern hardwoods in New Hampshire

Past experience with cuttings in old-growth northern hardwoods has demonstrated that the primary regeneration problem is to obtain a large proportion of desirable species of good quality. Regardless of method or intensity of cutting, the total amount of reproduction usually is adequate. Second-growth stands are a different story: this report pertains only to old-growth...

Author(s):

William B. Leak; Robert W., Jr. Wilson

Year:

1958

Keywords:

Source:

Station Paper NE-103. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 1-8

Relationships between stem CO2 efflux, substrate supply, and growth in young loblolly pine trees

We examined the relationships between stem CO2 efflux (Es), diameter

growth, and nonstructural carbohydrate concentration in loblolly pine trees. Carbohydrate

supply was altered via stem girdling during rapid stem growth in the

Author(s):

Chris A. Maier; Kurt H. Johnsen; Barton D. Clinton; Kim H. Ludovici

Year:

2009

Keywords:

Source:

New Phytologist, Vol. 185: 502-513

Diameter Growth in Even- and Uneven-Aged Northern Hardwoods in New Hampshire Under Partial Cutting

One important concern in the conversion of even-aged stands to an uneven aged condition through individual-tree or small-group cutting is the growth response throughout the diameter-class distribution, especially of the understoty trees Increment-core sampling of an older, uneven-aged northern hardwood stand in New Hampshire under management for about 50 years...

Author(s):

William B. Leak

Year:

2004

Keywords:

Northern hardwoods, diameter growth, uneven-aged management

Source:

Northern Journal of Applied Forestry. 21(3): 160-163.

Historical (1899) age and structural characteristics of an old-growth northern hardwood stand in New York State

Based on records taken during a harvest operation in 1899 on more than 400 trees in a northern hardwood stand in upper New York State, age and structural characteristics, including growth patterns, were developed and summarized. Age and size characteristics indicate that this was an exemplary old-growth stand similar in character to current old-growth examples in the...

Author(s):

William B. Leak; Mariko Yamasaki

Year:

2012

Keywords:

Source:

Res. Note NRS-144. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 11 p.

Growth and physiology of loblolly pine in response to long-term resource management: defining growth potential in the southern United States

Leaf physiology and stem growth were assessed in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) in response to 10 to 11 years of treatment with weed control (W), weed control plus irrigation (WI), weed control plus irrigation and fertigation (WIF), or weed control plus irrigation, fertigation, and pest control (WIFP) to determine whether increased resource...

Author(s):

Lisa J. Samuelson; John Butnor; Chris Maier; Tom A. Stokes; Kurt Johnsen; Michael Kane

Year:

2008

Keywords:

Source:

Can. J. for. Res., Vol. 38: 721-732

Stem growth and respiration in loblolly pine plantations differing in soil resource availability

Stem respiration and growth in 10-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations were measured monthly during the third year of fertilization and irrigation treatments to determine whether soil resource availability differentially altered growth and respiration in stem tissue. Fertilized trees had significantly greater stem biomass, stem...

Author(s):

Chris A. Maier

Year:

2001

Keywords:

Source:

Tree Physiology 21, 1183-1193. Heron Publishing-Victoria, Canada

Origin of sigmoid diameter distributions

Diameter distributions--numbers of trees over diameter at breast height (d.b.h.)--were simulated over 20-years using six diameter-growth schedules, six mortality trends, and three initial conditions. The purpose was to determine factors responsible for the short-term development of the arithmetic rotated sigmoid form of diameter distribution characterized by a plateau...

Author(s):

William B. Leak

Year:

2002

Keywords:

diameter at breast height (d.b.h.), sigmoid, diameter distribution, northern hardwoods

Source:

Res. Pap. NE-718. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station. 10 p.

Inhibitory effect of essential oils on decay fungi and mold growth on wood

Structural damage and potential health risks caused by wood decay and mold fungi in residential structures have been a major concern for homeowners, building contractors and insurance companies alike. The combined damage from decay fungi and mold claims exceeds several billion US dollars annually. Protection against decay and mold growth on wood is a critical economic...

Author(s):

Vina W. Yang; Carol A. Clausen

Year:

2007

Keywords:

Penicillium chrysogenum, thyme, pelargoniums, tea tree oil, lemongrass oil, dill, rosemary, Aspergillus niger, wood-decaying fungi, molds, essences, essential oils, biodegradation, fungicides, plant extracts, antifungal agents, Aureobasidium pullulans, Trametes versicolor, resistance to decay, Gloephylleum trabeum, Postia placenta, Trichoderma mold, Trichoderma viride, decay fungi, ajowan oil, southern pine

Source:

Proceedings, one hundred third annual meeting of the American Wood Protection Association ... St. Louis, Missouri, May 6-8, 2007 : volume 103. Birmingham, Ala. : American Wood Protection Association, c2007: pages 62-70

Relationships of tree age to diameter in old-growth northern hardwoods and spruce-fir

Regressions are given for predicting age from diameter for 10 different species of trees or shrubs in old-growth northern hardwood and spruce-fir stands.

Author(s):

William B. Leak; William B. Leak

Year:

1985

Keywords:

Source:

Res. Note NE-329. Broomall, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 4 p.

Moldicidal properties of seven essential oils

When wood and wood products are exposed to moisture during storage, construction or while in-service, mold growth can occur in 24 to 48 hours. Mold growth could be suppressed or prevented if wood was treated with an effective mold inhibitor. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mold inhibiting properties of natural plant extracts such as essential oils....

Author(s):

Vina W. Yang; Carol A. Clausen

Year:

2006

Keywords:

Mold fungi, essential oil, plant extract, moldicide

Source:

Stockholm, Sweden : IRG Secretariat, 2006: IRG/WP ; 06-30404: 12 pages

Curbing indoor mold growth with mold inhibitors

Environmentally acceptable mold inhibitors are needed to curb the growth of mold fungi in woodframe housing when moisture management measures fail. Excess indoor moisture can lead to rapid mold establishment which, in turn, can have deleterious affects on indoor air quality. Compounds with known mold inhibitory properties and low mammalian toxicity, such as food...

Author(s):

Carol A. Clausen; Vina W. Yang

Year:

2004

Keywords:

Indoor mold, mold inhibitors, mold growth, southern pine

Source:

Proceedings from the Woodframe Housing Durability and Disaster Issues Conference : October 4-6, 2004 ... Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. Madison, WI : Forest Products Society, 2004: Pages 303-306.

Development of second-growth northern hardwoods on Bartlett Experimental Forest - a 25-year record

Second-growth timber occupies more than one-third of the commercial northern hardwood forest land in New England. The origin of these stands - clearcutting, or land abandonment with or without fire - determined their present characteristics; they are essentially even-aged, with a high proportion of intolerant and intermediate species and many stems of sprout origin (...

Author(s):

William B. Leak

Year:

1961

Keywords:

Source:

Station Paper NE-155. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 1-8

The Growing Popularity of Birding in the United States

Every 5 to 10 years, several Federal agencies, professional associations, private organizations, and industries work together to conduct a survey of the recreational interests of the American people--the National Survey on Recreation and the Environment (NSRE). The most recent of these national studies indicated that 94.5 percent of people 16 years old or older...

Author(s):

H. Ken Cordell; Nancy G. Herbert; Francis Pandolfi

Year:

1999

Keywords:

Source:

Birding.31(2): 168-176.

Determining the suitability of Lactobacilli antifungal metabolites for inhibiting mould growth

In recent years, public concern about indoor mould growth has increased dramatically in the United States. In this study, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are known to produce antimicrobial compounds important in the biopreservation of food, were evaluated to determine if the same antimicrobial properties can be used to inhibit mould fungi that typically colonize wood...

Author(s):

Vina W. Yang; Carol A. Clausen

Year:

2005

Keywords:

Antifungal, bacteriocin, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei

Source:

Wood journal of microbiology and biotechnology. Vol. 21 (2005): pages 977-981.

Development of old-growth northern hardwoods on Bartlett Experimental Forest - a 22-year record

Northern hardwood forests provide the industries of New England with their most valuable woods: yellow birch and sugar maple for veneer, paper birch for turning stock, and other hardwood species for a variety of specialty products. As a result of recent developments in hardwood pulping, these northern hardwood forests now represent a tremendous reservoir of raw...

Author(s):

Stanley M. Filip; David A. Marquis; William B. Leak

Year:

1960

Keywords:

Source:

Station Paper NE-135. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 7 p.

Growth of northern hardwoods in New England: a 25-year update

Twenty-five-year results from a study of four stand density levels and three percentages of sawtimber in a beech-red maple-birch-hemlock stand in New Hampshire showed that moderate stand densities of 60- to 80-ft²/ac with 25- to 30-ft² of sawtimber produced the best growth responses. Ingrowth was dominated by beech, red...

Author(s):

William B. Leak; Jeffrey H. Gove

Year:

2008

Keywords:

northern hardwoods, stand density, stand structure, growth

Source:

Northern Journal of Applied Forestry. 25(2): 103-105.

Growth and stocking of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) in New England

Summarization of the limited growth information in mixed-species stands in New England indicates that eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) may be one of the fastest growing species in diameter, second only to white pine. However, on some sites hemlock diameter growth is about equal to that of associated hardwoods. Hemlock grows slowly in height and...

Author(s):

Dale S. Solomon; William B. Leak

Year:

2000

Keywords:

Source:

In: McManus, Katherine A.; Shields, Kathleen S.; Souto, Dennis R., eds. Proceedings: Symposium on sustainable management of hemlock ecosystems in eastern North America. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-267. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 43-49.

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Benchmark carbon stocks from old-growth forests in northern New England, USA

Stocking, growth, and habitat relations in New Hampshire hardwoods

Historical (1749-1899) vs. present-day sugar maple and beech diameter growth in the northeast

Regeneration after cutting of old-growth northern hardwoods in New Hampshire

Relationships between stem CO2 efflux, substrate supply, and growth in young loblolly pine trees

Diameter Growth in Even- and Uneven-Aged Northern Hardwoods in New Hampshire Under Partial Cutting

Historical (1899) age and structural characteristics of an old-growth northern hardwood stand in New York State

Growth and physiology of loblolly pine in response to long-term resource management: defining growth potential in the southern United States

Stem growth and respiration in loblolly pine plantations differing in soil resource availability

Origin of sigmoid diameter distributions

Inhibitory effect of essential oils on decay fungi and mold growth on wood

Relationships of tree age to diameter in old-growth northern hardwoods and spruce-fir

Moldicidal properties of seven essential oils

Curbing indoor mold growth with mold inhibitors

Development of second-growth northern hardwoods on Bartlett Experimental Forest - a 25-year record

The Growing Popularity of Birding in the United States

Determining the suitability of Lactobacilli antifungal metabolites for inhibiting mould growth

Development of old-growth northern hardwoods on Bartlett Experimental Forest - a 22-year record

Growth of northern hardwoods in New England: a 25-year update

Growth and stocking of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) in New England

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