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Timber was a significant economic driver in many rural communities of the Pacific Northwest throughout much of the 20th century. However, the number of timber-related jobs began declining in the 1980s, leading to hardship in many timber-dependent communities. Since then, some state and local public officials have become interested in promoting forest-based tourism to boost local economies. Jeff Kline, a research forester and economist with the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Ian Munanura, a tourism expert and associate professor at Oregon State University, surveyed...
AuthorsJohn Kirkland, Jeff Kline, Ian MunanuraKeywordsSourceScience Findings 265. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 6 p.Year2024 -
Background: Sagebrush ecosystems are experiencing increases in wildfire extent and severity. Most research on vegetation treatments that reduce fuels and fire risk has been short term (2-3 years) and focused on ecological responses. We review causes of altered fire regimes and summarize literature on the longer-term effects of treatments that modify (1) shrub fuels, (2) pinyon and juniper canopy fuels, and (3) fine herbaceous fuels. We describe treatment effects on fuels, fire behavior, ecological resilience, and resistance to invasive annual grasses.Results: Our review revealed tradeoffs in w...
AuthorsJeanne C. Chambers, Eva K. Strand, Lisa M. Ellsworth, Claire M. Tortorelli, Alexandra K. Urza, Michele R. Crist, Richard F. Miller, Matthew C. Reeves, Karen C. Short, Claire L. WilliamsKeywordsSourceFire Ecology. 20: 32.Year2024 -
Background: Accurate estimates of available live crown fuel loads are critical for understanding potential wildland fire behavior. Existing crown fire behavior models assume that available crown fuels are limited to all tree foliage and half of the fine branches less than 6 mm in diameter (1 h fuel). They also assume that this relationship is independent of the branchwood moisture content. Despite their widespread use, these assumptions have never been tested, and our understanding of the physiochemical properties that govern live crown flammability and consumption remains limited. To test the...
AuthorsElliott T. Conrad, W. Matt Jolly, Tegan P. Brown, Samuel C. HillmanKeywordsSourceFire Ecology. 20: 28.Year2024 -
Our objective in the present study is to provide basic insights into the coupling between external-gas and solid biomass vegetation processes that control the dynamics of flame spread in wildland fire problems. We focus on a modeling approach that resolves processes occurring at vegetation and flame scales, i.e., the formation of flammable vapors due to the thermal degradation of the solid biomass, the subsequent combustion in ambient air, the thermal feedback to the biomass through radiative and convective heat transfer, and the possible transition from flaming combustion (taking place outsid...
AuthorsMohamed Mohsen Ahmed, Arnaud Trouvé, Jason Forthofer, Mark FinneyKeywordsSourceCombustion and Flame. 262: 113370.Year2024 -
Increased understanding of how mechanical thinning, prescribed burning, and wildfire affect subsequent wildfire severity is urgently needed as people and forests face a growing wildfire crisis. In response, we reviewed scientific literature for the US West and completed a meta-analysis that answered three questions: (1) How much do treatments reduce wildfire severity within treated areas? (2) How do the effects vary with treatment type, treatment age, and forest type? (3) How does fire weather moderate the effects of treatments? We found overwhelming evidence that mechanical thinning with pres...
AuthorsKimberley T. Davis, Jamie Peeler, Joseph Fargione, Ryan D. Haugo, Kerry L. Metlen, Marcos D. Robles, Travis WoolleyKeywordsSourceForest Ecology and Management. 561: 121885.Year2024 -
Public lands are an important source of outdoor recreation opportunities. These opportunities provide a variety of public benefits, including promoting physical and mental well-being, contributing to local economies, and raising conservation awareness. In response to current and potential demand, it is ever more important to meet and anticipate infrastructure and user needs. With aging infrastructure (e.g., trails, access points, parking lots), managers face the need to maintain existing, and establish new, recreation opportunities to meet user expectations and contribute to positive percepti...
AuthorsAshley E. Askew, Eric M. White, Gary T. GreenKeywordsSourceJournal of Park and Recreation Administration. 42(1): 21-41.Year2024 -
Accurate measurements of particle diameter are necessary for quantitative characterization of key aerosol properties including the Cunningham slip correction factor, charging probability, diffusion coefficient, coagulation coefficient, and optical properties. In this study, we use four techniques to measure the diameter of nominal 100 nm reference spheres having a distributional standard deviation of less than 2 nm. The instruments used are a differential mobility analyzer (DMA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and an electrical-gravitational aerosol balance ...
AuthorsGeorge W. Mulholland, Kaleb J. Duelge, Vincent A. Hackley, Natalia Farkas, John A. Kramar, Michael R. Zachariah, Keiji Takahata, Hiromu Sakurai, Kensei EharaKeywordsSourceAerosol Science and TechnologyYear2024 -
Climate change affects populations over broad geographic ranges due to spatially autocorrelated abiotic conditions known as the Moran effect. However, populations do not always respond to broad-scale environmental changes synchronously across a landscape. We combined multiple datasets for a retrospective analysis of time-series count data (5–28 annual samples per segment) at 144 stream segments dispersed over nearly 1,000 linear kilometers of range to characterize the population structure and scale of spatial synchrony across the southern native range of a coldwater stream fish (brook trout, S...
AuthorsGeorge Valentine, Xinyi Lu, Evan S. Childress, C. Andrew Dolloff, Nathaniel P. Hitt, Matthew A. Kulp, Benjamin H. Letcher, Kasey C. Pregler, Jacob M. Rash, Mevin B. Hooten, Yoichiro KannoKeywordsSourceGlobal Change Biology. 2023: e17029.Year2024 -
Conservationists increasingly position conservation that is mutually beneficial to people and biodiversity on the promise of empowerment of people through participatory discourse, metrics, processes, and outcomes. Empowerment represents multidimensional concepts and theories that permeate the interlinking levels of power, from the psychological to the political, and social scales in which conservation operates. The multifaceted nature of empowerment makes it challenging to understand, pursue, and evaluate as a central philosophical commitment and goal-oriented practice in conservation. Moreove...
AuthorsMichael A. Petriello, Lauren Redmore, Aby L. Sène, Dhananjaya Katju, Lilian Barraclough, Sara Boyd, Carly Madge, Anastasia Papadopoulos, Reddi S. YalamalaKeywordsSourceConservation Biology. 2024: e14249.Year2024 -
Las pautas propuestas en Monitoreo de árboles urbanos: una guía de recursos (en adelante llamado la Guía de recursos) se crearon y depuraron a lo largo de muchos años para atender la necesidad de protocolos estandarizados para el monitoreo de árboles urbanos. La Guía de recursos ofrece orientación detallada a los encargados e investigadores de bosques urbanos que desean diseñar y poner en práctica un proyecto de monitoreo de árboles urbanos. Esta Guía de recursos es complemento de Monitoreo de árboles urbanos: una guía de campo; no obstante, la Guía de recursos también puede utilizarse por sí ...
AuthorsNatalie S. van Doorn, Lara A. Roman, E. Gregory McPherson, Bryant C. Scharenbroch, Jason G. Henning, Johan P.A. Ostberg, Lee S. Mueller, Andrew K. Koeser, John R. Mills, Richard A. Hallet, John E. Sanders, John Battles, Debra J. Boyer, Jason P. Fristensky, Sarah K. Mincey, Paula J. Peper, Jessica M. VogtSourceGen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-266-ES.Year2024