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  1. Predicting internal white oak (Quercus alba) log defect features using surface defect indicator measurements

    As hardwood trees grow and develop, surface defects such as limb stubs and wounds are overgrown and encapsulated into the tree. Evidence of these defects can remain on the tree's surface for decades and in many instances for the life of the tree. The location and severity of internal defects dictate the quality and value of products that can be obtained from logs...

    Author(s):
    Ralph E. Thomas
    Year:
    2011
    Keywords:
    Source:
    Forest Products Journal. 61(8): 656-663.

  2. Validation of an internal hardwood log defect prediction model

    The type, size, and location of internal defects dictate the grade and value of lumber sawn from hardwood logs. However, acquiring internal defect knowledge with x-ray/computed-tomography or magnetic-resonance imaging technology can be expensive both in time and cost. An alternative approach uses prediction models based on correlations among external defect indicators...

    Author(s):
    R. Edward Thomas
    Year:
    2011
    Keywords:
    Source:
    In: Fei, Songlin; Lhotka, John M.; Stringer, Jeffrey W.; Gottschalk, Kurt W.; Miller, Gary W., eds. Proceedings, 17th central hardwood forest conference; 2010 April 5-7; Lexington, KY; Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-78. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station: 77-82.

  3. Testing and analysis of internal hardwood log defect prediction models

    The severity and location of internal defects determine the quality and value of lumber sawn from hardwood logs. Models have been developed to predict the size and position of internal defects based on external defect indicator measurements. These models were shown to predict approximately 80% of all internal knots based on external knot indicators. However, the size...

    Author(s):
    R. Edward Thomas
    Year:
    2011
    Keywords:
    Source:
    In: Proceedings of the 3rd international scientific conference on hardwood processing; 2011 Oct. 16-18; Blackburg, VA. Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University: 85-94.

  4. A three-dimensional optimal sawing system for small sawmills in central Appalachia

    A three-dimensional (3D) log sawing optimization system was developed to perform 3D log generation, opening face determination, sawing simulation, and lumber grading. Superficial characteristics of logs such as length, large-end and small-end diameters, and external defects were collected from local sawmills. Internal log defect positions and shapes were predicted...

    Author(s):
    Wenshu Lin; Jingxin Wang; R. Edward Thomas
    Year:
    2011
    Keywords:
    Source:
    In: Fei, Songlin; Lhotka, John M.; Stringer, Jeffrey W.; Gottschalk, Kurt W.; Miller, Gary W., eds. Proceedings, 17th central hardwood forest conference; 2010 April 5-7; Lexington, KY; Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-78. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station: 67-76.

  5. Development of a 3D log sawing optimization system for small sawmills in central Appalachia, US

    A 3D log sawing optimization system was developed to perform log generation, opening face determination, sawing simulation, and lumber grading using 3D modeling techniques. Heuristic and dynamic programming algorithms were used to determine opening face and grade sawing optimization. Positions and shapes of internal log defects were predicted using a model developed by...

    Author(s):
    Wenshu Lin; Jingxin Wang; Edward Thomas
    Year:
    2011
    Keywords:
    Heuristic, dynamic programming, grade sawing, modeling, optimization
    Source:
    Wood and Fiber Science. 43(4): 379-393.
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