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  1. Spicing up restoration: Can chili peppers improve restoration seeding by reducing seed predation?

    Seed predation by rodents presents a significant barrier to native plant recruitment and can impede restoration seeding efforts. In nature, some plants contain secondary defense compounds that deter seed predators. If these natural defense compounds can be applied to unprotected seeds to inhibit rodent granivores, this approach could improve restoration seeding....

    Author(s):
    Dean E. Pearson; Morgan Valliant; Chris Carlson; Giles C. Thelen; Yvette K. Ortega; John L. Orrock; Matthew D. Madsen
    Year:
    2019
    Keywords:
    biomimicry, capsaicin, chemical defense, chili pepper, reseeding, rodents, seed coating, seed predation, seed sowing
    Source:
    Restoration Ecology. 27(2): 254-260.

  2. Incorporating the effects of generalist seed predators into plant community theory

    Post-dispersal seed predators contribute substantially to seed loss across many ecosystems. Most research has focused on understanding sources of variation in seed loss, without appreciating the implications of seed predation for plant coexistence, community assembly and broader community theory. Meanwhile, research aimed at understanding coexistence and community...

    Author(s):
    Loralee Larios; Dean E. Pearson; John L. Maron
    Year:
    2017
    Keywords:
    biotic resistance, coexistence, generalist seed predators, plant recruitment, plantherbivore interactions, post-dispersal seed predation, seed size, trait-based community assembly
    Source:
    Functional Ecology. 31: 1856-1867.

  3. Rodent seed predation as a biotic filter influencing exotic plant abundance and distribution

    Biotic resistance is commonly invoked to explain why many exotic plants fail to thrive in introduced ranges, but the role of seed predation as an invasion filter is understudied. Abiotic conditions may also influence plant populations and can interact with consumers to determine plant distributions, but how these factors jointly influence invasions is poorly understood...

    Author(s):
    D. E. Pearson; J. L. Hierro; M. Chiuffo; D. Villarreal
    Year:
    2014
    Keywords:
    biotic resistance, road disturbance, plant recruitment, seed predation, water addition
    Source:
    Biological Invasions. 16: 1185-1196.

  4. Granivory of invasive, naturalized, and native plants in communities differentially susceptible to invasion

    Seed predation is an important biotic filter that can influence abundance and spatial distributions of native species through differential effects on recruitment. This filter may also influence the relative abundance of nonnative plants within habitats and the communities' susceptibility to invasion via differences in granivore identity, abundance, and food...

    Author(s):
    B. M. Connolly; D. E. Pearson; R. N. Mack
    Year:
    2014
    Keywords:
    biotic resistance, eastern Washington, USA, exclosure, forest plant communities, invisibility, invasiveness, recruitment, seed addition, seed bank, seed predation, steppe plant communities
    Source:
    Ecology. 95(7): 1759-1769.

  5. Seed predation and climate impacts on reproductive variation in temperate forests of the southeastern USA

    Climatic effects on tree recruitment will be determined by the interactive effects of fecundity and seed predation. Evaluating how insect and vertebrate seed predators mediate tree reproductive responses to climate depends on long-term studies of seed production, development, and predation. In this study, our objectives were to (1) assess the effects of...

    Author(s):
    David M. Bell; James S. Clark
    Year:
    2016
    Keywords:
    Masting, reproductive ecology, seed abortion, seed predation, trees
    Source:
    Oecologia

  6. Impact of Seed Predators on the Herb Baptisia Lanceolata (Fabales: Fabaceae)

    The reproductive success of plants is a complex interaction among beneficial organisms such as pollinators, and destructive ones such as defoliators or seed predators that eat plant tissue. Many insects that consume reproductive tissue destroy much of a plant's reproductive output (Breedlove & Ehrlich 1968; Janzen 1971; Evans et al. 1989). In particular, the...

    Author(s):
    Scott Horn; James L. Hanula
    Year:
    2004
    Keywords:
    Source:
    Florida Entomologist 87(3):398-400 September 2004

  7. Small-mammal seed predation limits the recruitment and abundance of two perennial grassland forbs

    Although post-dispersal seed predators are common and often reduce seed density, their influence on plant population abundance remains unclear. On the one hand, increasing evidence suggests that many plant populations are seed limited, implying that seed predators could reduce plant abundance. On the other hand, it is generally uncertain whether the magnitude of seed...

    Author(s):
    Mary Bricker; Dean Pearson; John Maron
    Year:
    2010
    Keywords:
    forb abundance, granivory, grassland communities, Lithospermum ruderale, Lupinus sericeus, Peromyscus maniculatus, seed predation, limitation, and addition, small mammal
    Source:
    Ecology. 91(1): 85-92.

  8. Weed biocontrol insects reduce native plant recruitment through second-order apparent competition

    Small-mammal seed predation is an important force structuring native-plant communities that may also influence exotic-plant invasions. In the intermountain West, deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) are prominent predators of native-plant seeds, but they avoid consuming seeds of certain widespread invasives like spotted knapweed (Centaurea...

    Author(s):
    Dean E. Pearson; Ragan M. Callaway
    Year:
    2008
    Keywords:
    apparent competition, biological control, Centaurea maculosa, exotic plants, food-web interactions, herbicide, indirect effects, nontarget effects, Peromyscus maniculatus, seed predation, Urophora spp., weed management
    Source:
    Ecological Applications. 18(6): 1489­-1500.

  9. Tree encroachment impacts on seed predator selection and seedling establishment in degraded pine woodlands

    While much is known about the impact of tree encroachment on flammability in degraded pine woodlands, little is known about how encroachment is impacting other important ecosystem functions. We investigated how the availability of seed from four encroaching tree species and the presence of a midstorey and litter layer affect seed predator selection. Additionally, we...

    Author(s):
    John L. Willis; David K. Schnake; Christopher S. DePerno; Marcus A. Lashley; Branson Wetzstein; Justin Yow
    Year:
    2021
    Keywords:
    Aristida stricta, facilitation, germination, granivory, Pinus palustris, Pinus taeda, regeneration, seed diversity, substrate, woody encroachment
    Source:
    Applied Vegetation Science

  10. Seed size and provenance mediate the joint effects of disturbance and seed predation on community assembly

    Local plant community assembly is influenced by a series of filters that affect the recruitment and establishment of species. These filters include regional factors that limit seeds of any given species from reaching a local site as well as local interactions such as post-dispersal seed predation and disturbance, which dictate what species actually establish. How these...

    Author(s):
    John L. Maron; Dean E. Pearson; Teal Potter; Yvette K. Ortega
    Year:
    2012
    Keywords:
    community assembly, competition, disturbance, exotic species, invasion, plant population and community dynamics, post-dispersal seed predation, recruitment, seed limitation, seed size
    Source:
    Journal of Ecology. 100: 1492-1500.

  11. Seed dispersal is more limiting to grassland diversity than competition or seed predation

    Competition has historically been viewed as the predominant process affecting plant community structure. In particular, it is often assumed that the dominant resident species is the superior competitor and therefore has large impacts on plant community diversity. This assumption, however, is seldom tested. As well, there are a variety of other processes such as...

    Author(s):
    Sarah M. Pinto; Dean E. Pearson; John L. Maron
    Year:
    2014
    Keywords:
    determinants of plant community diversity and structure, dispersal limitation, dominance, relative abundance, seedling establishment, species richness
    Source:
    Journal of Ecology. 102: 1258-1265.

  12. Rodent seed predators and a dominant grass competitor affect coexistence of co-occurring forb species that vary in seed size

    Propagule size and number often vary by several orders of magnitude among co-occurring plant species. Explaining the maintenance of this variation and understanding how propagule size contributes to coexistence remain a central challenge for community ecologists. The dominant paradigm is that a competition-colonization trade‐off maintains interspecific variation in...

    Author(s):
    John L. Maron; Karyn L. Hajek; Philip G. Hahn; Dean E. Pearson
    Year:
    2018
    Keywords:
    coexistence, community assembly, Festuca campestris, functional traits, Peromyscus manipulates, seed predation, seed size, trade‐offs
    Source:
    Journal of Ecology. 106: 1795-1805.

  13. Seed predator effects on plants: Moving beyond time-corrected proxies

    We previously demonstrated that small mammals impact plant recruitment globally via size-dependent seed predation, generating a unimodal pattern across ecosystems. Chen et al. (2021) critiqued our seed removal analysis, advocating corrections for exposure time. We show such manipulations are unwarranted and argue for increased emphasis on plant recruitment metrics....

    Author(s):
    Lukasz Dylewski; Yvette K. Ortega; Michal Bogdziewicz; Dean E. Pearson
    Year:
    2021
    Keywords:
    coexistence, consumer effects, granivory, plant recruitment, seed predation, seed size
    Source:
    Ecology Letters. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13747.

  14. Are local filters blind to provenance? Ant seed predation suppresses exotic plants more than natives

    The question of whether species' origins influence invasion outcomes has been a point of substantial debate in invasion ecology. Theoretically, colonization outcomes can be predicted based on how species' traits interact with community filters, a process presumably blind to species' origins. Yet, exotic plant introductions commonly result in monospecific...

    Author(s):
    Dean E. Pearson; Nadia S. Icasatti; Jose L. Hierro; Benjamin J. Bird
    Year:
    2014
    Keywords:
    community filters, colonization, provenance, ant seed predation
    Source:
    PLoS ONE. 9(8): e103824.

  15. Seed size predicts global effects of small mammal seed predation on plant recruitment

    Recent studies demonstrate that by focusing on traits linked to fundamental plant life-history trade-offs, ecologists can begin to predict plant community structure at global scales. Yet, consumers can strongly affect plant communities, and means for linking consumer effects to key plant traits and community assembly processes are lacking. We conducted a global...

    Author(s):
    Lukasz Dylewski; Yvette K. Ortega; Michal Bogdziewics; Dean E. Pearson
    Year:
    2020
    Keywords:
    biotic resistance, community assembly theory, enemy release, functional traits, invasive plant, lifehistory trade-off, meta-analysis, plant recruitment, seed predation, seed size
    Source:
    Ecology Letters. 23: 1024-1033.

  16. Fire and mice: Seed predation moderates fire's influence on conifer recruitment

    In fire-adapted ecosystems, fire is presumed to be the dominant ecological force, and little is known about how consumer interactions influence forest regeneration. Here, we investigated seed predation by deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and its effects on recruitment of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings in unburned...

    Author(s):
    Rafal Zwolak; Dean E. Pearson; Yvette K. Ortega; Elizabeth E. Crone
    Year:
    2010
    Keywords:
    deer mouse, disturbance, Douglas-fir, Peromyscus maniculatus, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii, seedling establishment, seed predation, wildfire
    Source:
    Ecology. 91(4): 1124-1131.

  17. Tree squirrel habitat selection and predispersal seed predation in a declining subalpine conifer

    Differential responses by species to modern perturbations in forest ecosystems may have undesirable impacts on plant-animal interactions. If such disruptions cause declines in a plant species without corresponding declines in a primary seed predator, the effects on the plant could be exacerbated. We examined one such interaction between Pinus...

    Author(s):
    Shawn T. McKinney; Carl E. Fiedler
    Year:
    2009
    Keywords:
    Cronartium ribicola, white pine blister rust, forest health, forest structure, forest species composition, Pinus albicaulis, whitebark pine
    Source:
    Oecologia. doi. 10.1007/s00442-009-1496-5.

  18. Oak mast production and animal impacts on acorn survival in the central hardwoods

    As part of the Hardwood Ecosystem Experiment we measured mast production in white (Quercus alba) and black (Q. velutina) oak, and quantified the impacts of seed predators on acorn survival over a 3-year period. Specifically, we measured the proportion of acorns of each species infested with weevils (Curculio spp...

    Author(s):
    Kenneth F. Kellner; Jeffery K. Riegel; Nathanael I. Lichti; Robert K. Swihart
    Year:
    2013
    Keywords:
    bats, beetles, birds, Central Hardwoods, experiment, forest management, human attitudes, Indiana, moths, oak, reptiles, salamanders, silviculture, small mammals, wildlife
    Source:
    In: Swihart, Robert K.; Saunders, Michael R.; Kalb, Rebecca A.; Haulton, G. Scott; Michler, Charles H., eds. 2013. The Hardwood Ecosystem Experiment: a framework for studying responses to forest management. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P-108. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station: 176-190.

  19. Effects of Fire, Deer Herbivory, Seed Predation, and Canopy Gaps on Forest Regeneration: A Large-scale Experimental Approach

    Author(s):
    Rachel J. Collins; Walter P. Carson; Walter P. Carson
    Year:
    2000
    Keywords:
    native burning, prescribed fire, prescribed burning, oak, mixed-oak, oakhickory, barrens, ridgetop-pine, soil microbes, rare plants
    Source:
    In: Yaussy, Daniel A., comp. 2000. Proceedings: workshop on fire, people, and the central hardwoods landscape; 2000 March 12-14; Richmond, KY. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-274. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station: 124.

  20. Pre-dispersal seed predation in a species-rich forest community: Patterns and the interplay with determinants

    Pre-dispersal seed predation (PDSP) is commonly observed in woody plants, and recognized as a driver of seed production variability that is critical for successful regeneration. Earlier studies on PDSP and its determinants were mostly species specific, with community- level PDSP rarely estimated; and the interactions between the temporal...

    Author(s):
    Yue Xu; Zehao Shen; Daoxin Li; Qinfeng Guo
    Year:
    2015
    Keywords:
    Source:
    PLOS ONE

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