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Pacific Southwest Research Station |
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Pacific Southwest
Research Station 1731 Research Park Dr. Davis, CA 95618 (530) 759-1700 ![]() |
Publications and Products![]() General Technical ReportTitle: Risk and Pathway Assessment for the Introduction of Exotic Insects and Pathogens That Could Affect Hawai'i's Native Forests Authors: Gregg A. DeNitto, Philip Cannon, Andris Eglitis, Jessie A. Glaeser, Helen Maffei, and Sheri Smith Date: 2015 Source: Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-250. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station Station ID: GTR-PSW-250 Description: The unmitigated risk potential of the introduction of exotic insects and pathogens to Hawai'i was evaluated for its impact on native plants, specifically Acacia koa, Cibotium spp., Dicranopteris linearis, Diospyros sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Erythrina sandwicensis, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Metrosideros polymorpha, Myoporum sandwicense, Pandanus tectorius, Scaevola spp., Sophora chrysophylla, and Vaccinium spp. Assessments were made by estimating the likelihood and consequences of introduction of representative insects and pathogens of concern. Likely pathways of introduction were assessed. Twenty-four individual pest risk assessments were prepared, 12 dealing with insects and 12 with pathogens. The selected organisms were representative examples of insects and pathogens found on foliage, on the bark, in the bark, and in the roots and wood of the native hosts of interest—or closely related host species—in other parts of the world. Among the insects and pathogens assessed, high risk potentials were assigned to the following 16 organisms or groups of organisms: apple stem borer (Aeolesthes holosericea), coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros; during the analysis this insect was identified as present in Hawai'i), keyhole ambrosia beetle (Amasa truncata), summer fruit tortrix moth (Adoxophyes orana), West Indian sugarcane borer weevil (Diaprepes abbreviatus), white wax scale (Ceroplastes destructor), Acacia gall rust pathogen (Uromycladium tepperianum), Armillaria root disease pathogens (Armillaria luteobubalina, A. tabescens, A. limonea, A. novae-zelandiae), Calonectria morganii, Fomitiporia spp. (Fomitiporia australiensis, F. mediterranea, F. punctata species complex, F. robusta species complex, F. sonorae), guava rust/eucalyptus rust pathogen (Puccinia psidii), Phellinus noxious, pink disease pathogen (Erythricium salmonicolor), ramorum blight/sudden oak death pathogen (Phytophthora ramorum), Uromyces rust pathogens (Uromyces scaevolae, U. sophorae-japonicae, U. truncicola), and white thread blight pathogen (Ceratobasidium noxium). A moderate risk potential was assigned to the following eight organisms or groups of organisms: Botany Bay diamond weevil (Chrysolopus spectabilis), coconut stick insect (Graeffea crouanii), Erythrina scale (Toumeyella erythrinae), Eugenia psyllid (Trioza eugeniae), lemon tree borer (Oemona hirta), Platypodid ambrosia beetle (Megaplatypus mutatus), Aecidium rust pathogens (Aecidium atrocrustaceum, A. calosporum, A. carbonaceum, A. diospyri, A. mabae, A. melaenum, A. muelleri, A. miliare, A. myopori, A. ramosii, A. reyesii, A. rhytismoideum, A. royenae, A. ulei, A. yapoense) and Pestalotia/Pestalotiopsis leaf and fruit pathogens (Pestalotia acacia, P. cibotii, P. diospyri, P. dodonaea, P. pandani, P. vaccinii, Pestalotiopsis sp., P. breviseta, P. glandicola, P. palmarum, P. photiniae, P. theae, P. uvicola, P. versicolor). Six priority findings resulted from the analysis:
Numerous other observations, both specific and general, are included in the pest risk assessment concerning detection surveys, regulations, and public education/public awareness of the dangers of introduced pests and pathogens. View and print the publication (3.5 MB) Appendix (3.2 MB) Citation DeNitto, Gregg A.; Cannon, Philip; Eglitis, Andris; Glaeser, Jessie A.; Maffei, Helen; Smith, Sheri. 2015. Risk and pathway assessment for the introduction of exotic insects and pathogens that could affects Hawai‘i’s native forests. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-250. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. 171 p.
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