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Predominance of beech with a mix of other hardwood species. Beech is present in all age classes.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: pre-harvest
hardwood
Organisms: beech
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 48
Description: Predominance of beech with a mix of other hardwood species. Beech is present in all age classes.
Date: 4/19/1957

Initial stand photo of northern hardwood stand taken facing N85W from a point 0.38 chains N45W of stake 85-20. Also predominance of hemlock and spruce. It's a transition zone between types with spruce reproduction coming in as well as beech and striped maple.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: pre-harvest
regeneration
hardwood
Organisms: spruce
hemlock
beech
striped maple
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 48
Description: Initial stand photo of northern hardwood stand taken facing N85W from a point 0.38 chains N45W of stake 85-20. Also predominance of hemlock and spruce. It's a transition zone between types with spruce reproduction coming in as well as beech and striped maple.
Date: 4/11/1957

Initial stand photo of northern hardwoods taken facing N10E from a point 0.14 chains S75W of stake 86-21. Hard maple and beech overstory and scattered 2 and 3 foot tall beech and hard maple saplings.
more info/bigger image
Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: pre-harvest
hardwood
Organisms: beech
maple
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 48
Description: Initial stand photo of northern hardwoods taken facing N10E from a point 0.14 chains S75W of stake 86-21. Hard maple and beech overstory and scattered 2 and 3 foot tall beech and hard maple saplings.
Date: 4/11/1957

Taken 9 years after cutting. Taken due E from point 0.72 chains S58W from stake 34-46. Reproduction here is almost entirely beech. A. Misura in photo.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: reproduction
hardwood
personnel
Organisms: beech
pine
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 38
Description: Taken 9 years after cutting. Taken due E from point 0.72 chains S58W from stake 34-46. Reproduction here is almost entirely beech. A. Misura in photo.
Date: 10/23/1956

Taken due north from stake 82-19. Same area in photo number 405 in March of 1957.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: hardwood
Organisms: beech
maple
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 49
Description: Taken due north from stake 82-19. Same area in photo number 405 in March of 1957.
Date: 5/15/1956

The continuing decadence of yellow birch over 200 years old create openings favorable for beech and other tolerant hardwoods.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: personnel
hardwood
old growth
Organisms: yellow birch
beech
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description: The continuing decadence of yellow birch over 200 years old create openings favorable for beech and other tolerant hardwoods.
Date: 1950

A situation that is common in the Adirondacks: mature yellow birch and hard maple, with beech in a secondary position. In similar stands, cutting of the better hardwoods -- with only a limited market for beech -- has put beech in a dominant position. With the abundance of beech reproduction of all sizes, lack of hard maple of similar sizes, and the intolerance of the birch, it appears that beech can remain in possession of such sites for a long time. "Is this desirable or undesirable?"
more info/bigger image
Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: personnel
hardwood
Organisms: beech
yellow birch
maple
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description: A situation that is common in the Adirondacks: mature yellow birch and hard maple, with beech in a secondary position. In similar stands, cutting of the better hardwoods -- with only a limited market for beech -- has put beech in a dominant position. With the abundance of beech reproduction of all sizes, lack of hard maple of similar sizes, and the intolerance of the birch, it appears that beech can remain in possession of such sites for a long time. "Is this desirable or undesirable?"
Date: 1950

Large openings encouraged hard maple and beech reproduction. The large trees did not meet current standards of merchantability and were not wanted by the cutters 6 years earlier. Improving markets may permit harvest of some trees in the furture, but others are cull. "Can and should anything be done to help the better saplings? Would there be long-range benefits to compensate for investments made to improve the stand?"
more info/bigger image
Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: gap
personnel
hardwood
reproduction
Organisms: maple
beech
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description: Large openings encouraged hard maple and beech reproduction. The large trees did not meet current standards of merchantability and were not wanted by the cutters 6 years earlier. Improving markets may permit harvest of some trees in the furture, but others are cull. "Can and should anything be done to help the better saplings? Would there be long-range benefits to compensate for investments made to improve the stand?"
Date: 1950

The natural area also contains stands of northern hardwoods. Here, beech have developed beneath large yellow birch and hard maple.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: personnel
hardwood
Organisms: beech
yellow birch
maple
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description: The natural area also contains stands of northern hardwoods. Here, beech have developed beneath large yellow birch and hard maple.
Date: 1950

Mature norther hardwoods containing many intermediate beech. In this stand ages of mature trees averaged; hard maple 235, yellow birch 218, and beech 230.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: personnel
hardwood
old growth
Organisms: beech
maple
yellow birch
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description: Mature norther hardwoods containing many intermediate beech. In this stand ages of mature trees averaged; hard maple 235, yellow birch 218, and beech 230.
Date: 1950

Residual and second growth northern hardwoods on a "clearcutting". A large number of beech remain.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: regeneration
hardwood
post-harvest
clearcut
Organisms: beech
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description: Residual and second growth northern hardwoods on a "clearcutting". A large number of beech remain.
Date: 1950

The control plot was not disturbed. Beech saplings can grow even under this dense overstory, but there are fewer beech seedlings than occur on the selection plot.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: old growth
hardwood
Organisms: beech
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description: The control plot was not disturbed. Beech saplings can grow even under this dense overstory, but there are fewer beech seedlings than occur on the selection plot.
Date: 1950

Selection plot. Only understory trees benefiting from these light cuttings were beech. In larger openings, some hard maple saplings developed.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: selection
hardwood
Organisms: maple
beech
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description: Selection plot. Only understory trees benefiting from these light cuttings were beech. In larger openings, some hard maple saplings developed.
Date: 1950

Control plot. Under the dense hardwood overstory, few hard maple, yellow birch, or white ash seedlings developed beyond 12 inches high. Even the tolerant witch hobble and beech were much less abundant here than on the selection plot where they had more light.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: suppression
hardwood
Organisms: maple
beech
yellow birch
witch hobble
white ash
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description: Control plot. Under the dense hardwood overstory, few hard maple, yellow birch, or white ash seedlings developed beyond 12 inches high. Even the tolerant witch hobble and beech were much less abundant here than on the selection plot where they had more light.
Date: 1950

Image taken at coordinates 70-22, direction N55W, distance 30 chains, with a bearing of S53E. Mature hard maple and yellow birch with sapling hard maple and beech understory. Suppressed spruce saplings.
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Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: pre-harvest
Hardwood
personnel
Organisms: maple
yellow birch
beech
spruce
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 55
Description: Image taken at coordinates 70-22, direction N55W, distance 30 chains, with a bearing of S53E. Mature hard maple and yellow birch with sapling hard maple and beech understory. Suppressed spruce saplings.
Date: 1950

Image taken at coordinates 72-21, direction N52E, distance 40 links; with a bearing of S60E. Beech and hard maple saplings in half of photos. Overstory is hard maple and beech. Spruce is also scattered throughout this area as seen in the background.
more info/bigger image
Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: pre-harvest
hardwood
personnel
Organisms: maple
beech
spruce
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 55
Description: Image taken at coordinates 72-21, direction N52E, distance 40 links; with a bearing of S60E. Beech and hard maple saplings in half of photos. Overstory is hard maple and beech. Spruce is also scattered throughout this area as seen in the background.
Date: 1950

Image taken at coordinates 73-21; direction S85E; distance 145ft; with a bearing of S48E. Hard maple and yellow birch with beech understory - many of the hardwoods that are to be cut as a result of treatment application, will be excellent growing stock quality. String in picture was used for 100% cruise.
more info/bigger image
Collection: Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords: pre-harvest
hardwood
personnel
cruise
Organisms: maple
yellow birch
beech
Location: Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 55
Description: Image taken at coordinates 73-21; direction S85E; distance 145ft; with a bearing of S48E. Hard maple and yellow birch with beech understory - many of the hardwoods that are to be cut as a result of treatment application, will be excellent growing stock quality. String in picture was used for 100% cruise.
Date: 1950