Image Library

Image taken at coordinates 90-24; direction N50E; distance 141ft; with a bearing of N14W; snow depth 2".

Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce hemlock yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 46
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 90-24; direction N50E; distance 141ft; with a bearing of N14W; snow depth 2".
Date:	11/25/1958

Image taken at coordinates 88-24; direction N80E; distance 83 ft; with a bearing of N27E; snow depth 2".

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 46
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 88-24; direction N80E; distance 83 ft; with a bearing of N27E; snow depth 2".
Date:	11/25/1958

Residual stand photo of location in photo 418 (PSEF_MU53_165). Taken facing N87E 1.42 chains N54E of stake 79-23. Northern hardwood forest with pole size yellow birch, only major change is poisoned cull hardwood.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	post-harvest personnel
Organisms:	yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 53
Description:	Residual stand photo of location in photo 418 (PSEF_MU53_165). Taken facing N87E 1.42 chains N54E of stake 79-23. Northern hardwood forest with pole size yellow birch, only major change is poisoned cull hardwood.
Date:	11/13/1958

Residual stand photo of location in photo 415 (PSEF_MU53_164). Taken facing S65W 0.96 chains S78W of stake 78-22. Northern hardwood forest with pole size yellow birch.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	post-harvest personnel hardwood
Organisms:	yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 53
Description:	Residual stand photo of location in photo 415 (PSEF_MU53_164). Taken facing S65W 0.96 chains S78W of stake 78-22. Northern hardwood forest with pole size yellow birch.
Date:	11/13/1958

Overstory of yellow birch, hard maple is being crowded out by beech in both overstory and ground cover. Note large dead birch directly beside me. Most of the few spruce are being suppressed by the beech. Initial stand photo taken facing N5E from a point 0.71 chains S36W of stake 88-22. Shafer in photo

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	beech maple yellow birch spruce
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 48
Description:	Overstory of yellow birch, hard maple is being crowded out by beech in both overstory and ground cover. Note large dead birch directly beside me. Most of the few spruce are being suppressed by the beech. Initial stand photo taken facing N5E from a point 0.71 chains S36W of stake 88-22. Shafer in photo
Date:	4/19/1957

Spruce-yellow birch forest residual stand photo of initial stand photo 327. Taken facing N45W 0.25 chains S70W from stake 78-17. Same photo area as number 327 May 1956 before cutting. Snow depth 3-4 inches.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	post-harvest personnel
Organisms:	yellow birch spruce
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 49
Description:	Spruce-yellow birch forest residual stand photo of initial stand photo 327. Taken facing N45W 0.25 chains S70W from stake 78-17. Same photo area as number 327 May 1956 before cutting. Snow depth 3-4 inches.
Date:	3/26/1957

Northern hardwood residual stand photo of same area seen in photo 323 which was taken after poisoning but before cutting. This photo was taken facing N45W from 0.2 chains due north of stake 77-18. The poisoned trees are very evident but there is not much cutting pictured.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	post-harvest personnel hardwood
Organisms:	yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 49
Description:	Northern hardwood residual stand photo of same area seen in photo 323 which was taken after poisoning but before cutting. This photo was taken facing N45W from 0.2 chains due north of stake 77-18. The poisoned trees are very evident but there is not much cutting pictured.
Date:	3/26/1957

Taken N45W from a point 0.25 chains S70W of stake 78-17. A. Misura standing by large yellow birch. Same area as number 429.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel pre-harvest
Organisms:	yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 49
Description:	Taken N45W from a point 0.25 chains S70W of stake 78-17. A. Misura standing by large yellow birch. Same area as number 429.
Date:	5/15/1956

Taken toward stake from a point 0.85 chains S10W of stake 60-36.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	post-harvest personnel
Organisms:	yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 35
Description:	Taken toward stake from a point 0.85 chains S10W of stake 60-36.
Date:	10/13/1955

Part of stand at lower elevation, before cutting occurred in 1955.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel pre-harvest
Organisms:	yellow birch maple
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	Part of stand at lower elevation, before cutting occurred in 1955.
Date:	1955

Piled pulpwood cut from compt. 25. Stand has been cut for sawlogs and spruce and fir pulpwood. Some hemlock remains along with defective yellow birch and soft maple. Much of this wood is quite defective even though it is small. Rev. Frank A. Reed in photo.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	harvest log deck personnel pulpwood
Organisms:	spruce fir yellow birch maple hemlock
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 25
Description:	Piled pulpwood cut from compt. 25. Stand has been cut for sawlogs and spruce and fir pulpwood. Some hemlock remains along with defective yellow birch and soft maple. Much of this wood is quite defective even though it is small. Rev. Frank A. Reed in photo.
Date:	2/12/1953

S. Monette and D. Horner piling pulpwood in the woods. Stand visible in background.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	harvest log deck personnel
Organisms:	yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 35
Description:	S. Monette and D. Horner piling pulpwood in the woods. Stand visible in background.
Date:	1/12/1953

The continuing decadence of yellow birch over 200 years old create openings favorable for beech and other tolerant hardwoods.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel hardwood old growth
Organisms:	yellow birch beech
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	The continuing decadence of yellow birch over 200 years old create openings favorable for beech and other tolerant hardwoods.
Date:	1950

A situation that is common in the Adirondacks: mature yellow birch and hard maple, with beech in a secondary position. In similar stands, cutting of the better hardwoods -- with only a limited market for beech -- has put beech in a dominant position. With the abundance of beech reproduction of all sizes, lack of hard maple of similar sizes, and the intolerance of the birch, it appears that beech can remain in possession of such sites for a long time. "Is this desirable or undesirable?"

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel hardwood
Organisms:	beech yellow birch maple
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	A situation that is common in the Adirondacks: mature yellow birch and hard maple, with beech in a secondary position. In similar stands, cutting of the better hardwoods -- with only a limited market for beech -- has put beech in a dominant position. With the abundance of beech reproduction of all sizes, lack of hard maple of similar sizes, and the intolerance of the birch, it appears that beech can remain in possession of such sites for a long time. "Is this desirable or undesirable?"
Date:	1950

The same place after the first cut. Poor quality beech were poisoned 19 months earlier, and were debarked with frill and sodium arsenite for $4.13 per acre. It is anticipated that hard maple and yellow birch reproduction will have a better opportunity to become established without competition from the beech.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel stump post-harvest reproduction
Organisms:	beech maple yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	The same place after the first cut. Poor quality beech were poisoned 19 months earlier, and were debarked with frill and sodium arsenite for $4.13 per acre. It is anticipated that hard maple and yellow birch reproduction will have a better opportunity to become established without competition from the beech.
Date:	1950

Mature hemlock and yellow birch probably exceeding 200 years of age. An analysis of growth rings on nearby hemlock stumps indicates that severe windfall probably occured about 1790, and that cutting occurred about 1860 and 1905.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel old growth blowdown post-harvest
Organisms:	hemlock yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	Mature hemlock and yellow birch probably exceeding 200 years of age. An analysis of growth rings on nearby hemlock stumps indicates that severe windfall probably occured about 1790, and that cutting occurred about 1860 and 1905.
Date:	1950

The natural area also contains stands of northern hardwoods. Here, beech have developed beneath large yellow birch and hard maple.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel hardwood
Organisms:	beech yellow birch maple
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	The natural area also contains stands of northern hardwoods. Here, beech have developed beneath large yellow birch and hard maple.
Date:	1950

Mature stand on spruce-yellow birch site.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	Mature stand on spruce-yellow birch site.
Date:	1950

Mature norther hardwoods containing many intermediate beech. In this stand ages of mature trees averaged; hard maple 235, yellow birch 218, and beech 230.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel hardwood old growth
Organisms:	beech maple yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	Mature norther hardwoods containing many intermediate beech. In this stand ages of mature trees averaged; hard maple 235, yellow birch 218, and beech 230.
Date:	1950

Selection plot in background. Cut back to 70 sq. ft. basal area in 1938 and again in 1948. This was too much overstory for hard maple, yellow birch, and white ash seedlings.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel selection post-harvest
Organisms:	maple yellow birch white ash
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	Selection plot in background. Cut back to 70 sq. ft. basal area in 1938 and again in 1948. This was too much overstory for hard maple, yellow birch, and white ash seedlings.
Date:	1950

Clearcut in 1937. Deer suppressed hardwoods until exclosure was put up 10 years later. With protection, white ash and yellow birch are growing; none this large are found outside the exclosure.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel clearcut browse hardwood
Organisms:	deer yellow birch white ash
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	Clearcut in 1937. Deer suppressed hardwoods until exclosure was put up 10 years later. With protection, white ash and yellow birch are growing; none this large are found outside the exclosure.
Date:	1950

The shelterwood plot was left with about 50 sq. ft. of basal area among overstory trees 6"+ d.b.h. This opening produced an abundance of hard maple, yellow birch, and white ash seedlings. Deer promptly came to "picnic" and have permitted few of these to grow beyond 12" high (snow provides some protection). Six years later these better hardwoods were growing well only within the protection of the deer exclosure. Severe browsing outside of it was benefiting the less-palatable beech and witch hobble.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel shelterwood browse
Organisms:	deer maple yellow birch white ash beech witch hobble
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	The shelterwood plot was left with about 50 sq. ft. of basal area among overstory trees 6"+ d.b.h. This opening produced an abundance of hard maple, yellow birch, and white ash seedlings. Deer promptly came to "picnic" and have permitted few of these to grow beyond 12" high (snow provides some protection). Six years later these better hardwoods were growing well only within the protection of the deer exclosure. Severe browsing outside of it was benefiting the less-palatable beech and witch hobble.
Date:	1950

Clearcut 18 years earlier, deer browsing has eliminated most yellow birch, white ash, and hard maple seedling. Less-palatable beech and red spruce continued to grow.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel clearcut browse
Organisms:	deer yellow birch white ash maple beech red spruce
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest
Description:	Clearcut 18 years earlier, deer browsing has eliminated most yellow birch, white ash, and hard maple seedling. Less-palatable beech and red spruce continued to grow.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 90-22, direction S80, distance 11 ft; with a bearing of S58W. Background is spruce and fir.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch fir
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 45
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 90-22, direction S80, distance 11 ft; with a bearing of S58W. Background is spruce and fir.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 90-21; direction S80; distance 39 feet; with a bearing of N2W. Beech sapling and spruce reproduction in the understory.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch beech
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 45
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 90-21; direction S80; distance 39 feet; with a bearing of N2W. Beech sapling and spruce reproduction in the understory.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 91-20; direction due south; distance 42 ft; with a bearing of N18E.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel transition
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 45
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 91-20; direction due south; distance 42 ft; with a bearing of N18E.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 89-21; direcion N40W; distance 27 ft; with a bearing of N48E.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 45
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 89-21; direcion N40W; distance 27 ft; with a bearing of N48E.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 91-24; direction S67E; distance 45 links; with a bearing of due East. Forest type is spruce - yellow birch. Note hemlock snags in photo. All spruce class "A" growing (illegible) quality. Yellow Birch dying in background.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch hemlock
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 46
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 91-24; direction S67E; distance 45 links; with a bearing of due East. Forest type is spruce - yellow birch. Note hemlock snags in photo. All spruce class "A" growing (illegible) quality. Yellow Birch dying in background.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 19-77, direction N20E, distance 44 chains, with a bearing of S01E from stake.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel post-harvest
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 52
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 19-77, direction N20E, distance 44 chains, with a bearing of S01E from stake.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 76-20, direction N87W, distance 40 chains, with a bearing of S33E from stake.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 52
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 76-20, direction N87W, distance 40 chains, with a bearing of S33E from stake.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 78-20, direction S340W, distance 28 chains, with a bearing of N78W.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 52
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 78-20, direction S340W, distance 28 chains, with a bearing of N78W.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 79-20, direction N65E, distance 68 chains, with a bearing of N44W.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 52
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 79-20, direction N65E, distance 68 chains, with a bearing of N44W.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 80-20, direction N58E, distamce 94 chains, with a bearing of S43E.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 52
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 80-20, direction N58E, distamce 94 chains, with a bearing of S43E.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 71-22, direction S10W, distance 59 chains, with a bearing of S13W. Understory is pole size yellow birch and beech.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch beech
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 55
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 71-22, direction S10W, distance 59 chains, with a bearing of S13W. Understory is pole size yellow birch and beech.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 70-22, direction N55W, distance 30 chains, with a bearing of S53E. Mature hard maple and yellow birch with sapling hard maple and beech understory. Suppressed spruce saplings.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest Hardwood personnel
Organisms:	maple yellow birch beech spruce
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 55
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 70-22, direction N55W, distance 30 chains, with a bearing of S53E. Mature hard maple and yellow birch with sapling hard maple and beech understory. Suppressed spruce saplings.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 73-22, direction N35E; distance 70 links; with a bearing of S58E.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 55
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 73-22, direction N35E; distance 70 links; with a bearing of S58E.
Date:	1950

Image taken at coordinates 73-21; direction S85E; distance 145ft; with a bearing of S48E. Hard maple and yellow birch with beech understory - many of the hardwoods that are to be cut as a result of treatment application, will be excellent growing stock quality. String in picture was used for 100% cruise.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest hardwood personnel cruise
Organisms:	maple yellow birch beech
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 55
Description:	Image taken at coordinates 73-21; direction S85E; distance 145ft; with a bearing of S48E. Hard maple and yellow birch with beech understory - many of the hardwoods that are to be cut as a result of treatment application, will be excellent growing stock quality. String in picture was used for 100% cruise.
Date:	1950

Image take at coordinates 73-21, direction S44E, distance 65 feet; with a bearing of N83E. Many of the spruce are of excellent quality and good growing stock but will be cut as a result of treatment reqirements. Mainly beech in the understory.

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Collection:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest Historical Photo Archive
Keywords:	pre-harvest personnel
Organisms:	spruce yellow birch beech
Location:	Paul Smith Experimental Forest; Compartment 55
Description:	Image take at coordinates 73-21, direction S44E, distance 65 feet; with a bearing of N83E. Many of the spruce are of excellent quality and good growing stock but will be cut as a result of treatment reqirements. Mainly beech in the understory.
Date:	1950

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