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Managing Degraded Off-Highway Vehicle Trails in Wet, Unstable, and Sensitive Environments

References
  • Abbott, Ron. 2000. [Personal communication]. June 12-13. Fairbanks, AK: Shannon & Wilson, Inc.

  • Ahlstrand, G.M.; Racine, C.H. 1990. Response of an Alaska shrub-tussock community to selected all-terrain vehicle use. Anchorage, AK: Research/Resources Management Report AR-19. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service. 114 p.

  • Ahlstand, G.M.; Racine, C.H. 1993. Response of an Alaska, U.S.A., shrub-tussock community to selected all-terrain vehicle use. Arctic and Alpine Research. 25: 142–149

  • Allen, J.L.; Shea, K.E.; Loya, W.M.; Happe, P.J. 2000. All-terrain vehicle (ATV) trail mitigation study: comparison of natural and geosynthetic materials for surface hardening. Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve Research and Resource Report No. 00-1. Copper Center, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve.

  • Blanc, Doug. 2001. [Personal communication]. January 5. Girdwood, AK: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Chugach National Forest, Glacier Ranger District (Phone: 907–783–3242).

  • Connery, Bruce. 1984. Mechanized trail survey, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve. Draft unpublished report. Copper Creek, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve.

  • Connery, B.; Meyers, C.A.; Beck, K.A. 1985. Aerial inventory of mechanized vehicle trails in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve. Draft unpublished report. Copper Center, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve.

  • Gardener, David. 2001. [Personal communication]. January 8. Anchorage, AK: Municipality of Anchorage (Phone: 907–343–4521).

  • Goodwin, Randy. 2001. [Personal communication]. January 3. Fairbanks, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, White Mountains District.

  • Happe, P.J.; Shea, K.E.; Loya, W.M. 1998. Assessment of all-terrain vehicle (ATV) impacts: within Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska. Unpublished Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve Research and Resource Management Report No. 98-1. Copper Center, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve.

  • Karle, Ken. 2000. [Personal communication]. Anchorage, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Denali National Park and Preserve.

  • Kempff, Jonathan. 2000. [Personal communication]. Bozeman, MT: United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Gallatin National Forest.

  • La Palme, Annemarie. 2001. [Personal communication]. Sitka, AK: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Sitka Ranger District (Phone: 907–747–4209).

  • Matt, Colleen. 2001. [Personal communication]. Palmer, AK: Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Palmer Hay Flats State Game Refuge (Phone: 907–267–2382).

  • Meyer, K.G. 1999a. Coal Creek upper road improvement project—1999 season report. Anchorage, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Alaska Support Office.

  • Meyer, K.G. 1999b. Coal Creek upper road improvement prescription 2000-2001. Unpublished report. Anchorage, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Alaska Support Office.

  • Meyer, K.G. 2001a. Installation guide slab-plank boardwalk, utilizing beetle-killed spruce as a trail hardening material for OHV trails on the Lower Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Unpublished draft report. Anchorage, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Alaska Support Office.

  • Meyer, K.G. 2001b. Installation guide for porous pavement panels as trail hardening materials for off-highway vehicle trails. Unpublished draft report. Anchorage, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Alaska Support Office.

  • Monlux, S.; Vachowski, B. 2000. Geosynthetics for trails in wet areas: 2000 edition. Tech. Rep. 0023–2838–MTDC. Missoula, MT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Missoula Technology and Development Center.

  • Moore, Nancy. 2001. [Personal communication]. Alaska Center for the Environment-Valley. Palmer, AK: 642 South Alaska St., Palmer, AK. (Phone: 907–745–8223). Spring 2001.

  • Muenster, Debbie. 2001. [Personal communication]. Anchorage, AK: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Manage-ment, Glenallen District (Phone: 907–822–3217).

  • Neubauer, Joseph. 2000. [Personal communication]. December 4. Anchorage, AK: GeoCHEM, Inc. (Phone: 907–562–5755).

  • Parrish, Jimmy. 2001. [Personal communication]. January 23. Columbia, SC: South Carolina Off Road Enthusiasts, Ltd., P.O. Box 312, 1601 Assembly St., Columbia, SC 29202.

  • Presto Products Co. 1991. We've got the answer for building sand roads. [Sand road case study for geoweb cellular containment systems]. Appleton, WI: Presto Products Co.

  • Purinton, Donald; Harrison, Rodger L. 1994. Sand grid: a multipurpose construction system. Engineer: Professional Bulletin for Army Engineers.

  • Sandgren, Paul. 2001. [Personal communication]. January 2. Eagle, WI: South Unit Kettle Moraine State Park (Phone: 262–594–6200).

  • Shae, Kelly. 2000. [Personal communication]. December 11. Soldotna, AK.

  • Synthetic Industries, Inc. 1999. Pyramat: high performance turf reinforcement mat. Chattanooga, TN: Synthetic Industries, Inc., Geosynthetic Products Division (Phone: 800–621–0444).

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1993. Soil survey manual. USDA Handbook No. 18. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture.

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1987. A plastic ford—you've got to be kidding. Engineering Field Notes. Vol. 19. January-February 1987.

  • Webster, Steve L., 1984. Sand grid demonstration road constructed at Fort Story, Virginia. Information Exchange Bulletin Vol. 0-84. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station.

  • Wernex, Joe. 1994. Off highway motorcycle & ATV trails guidelines for design, construction, maintenance and user satisfaction. 2d ed. Pickerington, OH: American Motorcyclist Association, 13515 Yarmouth Dr., Pickering, OH 43147. (Phone: 614–856–1900). Web site: http://www.ama-cycle.org.

  • Yager, Thomas. 2000. [Personal communication]. December 6. Irvine, CA: Specialty Vehicle Institute of America (Phone: 949–727–3727).