| Title: |
Planting Hardwood Seedlings
on Forested Sites
|
| Objective: |
To develop a practical method to establish hardwood seedlings
in clearcuts. |
| Year Established: |
1988 |
| Year Completed: |
unknown |
| Site Description: |
On the Fernow Experimental Forest along McGowan Mountain road.
Area 1 is 2 acres - clearcut in 1986.
Area 2 is adjacent to area 1, is 1-acre in size - clear cut
in 1988.
Area 3 is adjacent to area 2, is ~1.5-acres in size - clearcut
in 1988.
Sites have red oak, white ash and black walnut naturally growing
in mixtures with other species on high quality sites. Additional
sites have been added annually to date (1995) on both the Fernow
Experimental Forest and the Monongahelia National Forest. |
| Statistical Design: |
Number of Planting spots by species and treatment:
RO = red oak; BW = black walnut
|
Species |
Velpar R |
Roundup |
Control |
TOTAL
|
|
Area I:
|
RO
BW
|
10
10
|
12
8
|
13
8
|
35 spots;105 seeds
26 spots; 78 seeds |
|
Area II:
|
RO
BW
|
6
7
|
5
8
|
7
6
|
18 spots;54 seeds
21 spots;63 seeds |
|
Area III:
|
RO
BW
|
6
5
|
6
5
|
6
6
|
18 spots;54 seeds
16 sport;48 seeds |
Study was designed to establish ~50 codominant stems per
acre of the target species at age 20 by planting in clearcuts.
Planting spots were layed out at about 25' by 25' spacing
and at each spot 3 seedlings were planted on the points of
a triangle. Species were planted in alternate rows.
|
| Likelihood of Locating Study Areas: |
100% |
| Experimental Treatments: |
Area 1 clearcut in 1986
Area 2 clearcut in 1988
Area 3 clearcut in 1988 and seedlings were planted.
Velpar L was applied to 0.33% of the seedlings. 1% Roundup
applied in area I during 1988 to eliminate competing vegetation
and was used in areas II and III when necessary. Treated areas
were from 2' to 6' around seedlings.
Treatments involved the use of preemergent herbicide, foliar
spray herbicide, and no herbicide application.
|
| Sampling Methods: |
Seedlings were planted in clearcuts in areas free of rocks,
tops, and other obstacles. Vegetation is controlled in a 10'
radius around each seedling by applying various foliar and basal
spray herbicides according to Label instructions. Preemergent
herbicides were applied immediately after clearcutting but before
seedlings were planted. The original objective was to produce
about 50 codominant seedings of the target species per acre
at age 20. Economic analysis are conducted on the basis of individual
seedlings. |
| Variables and Sampling Frequency: |
Independent: preemergent herbicide, foliar spray herbicide,
no herbicide application, tree shelter color, brand of tree
shelter, age of planting stock.
Dependent: species, seedling height to nearest 0.1' and seedling
root collar diameter to the nearest 0.1".
Annual height measurements were made until 5th-year period.
Two-year remeasurements until additional treatment or study
closed.
|
| QA/QC Practices: |
Data are visually compared to previously collected data. Accuracy
assessments are completed after each data-collection period.
Permanent employee continually supervises temporary employees.
Safety regulations were followed when using herbicides. |
| Data Storage: |
Raw: stand structure and grade, species, d.b.h., and number
of stems available on DG.
Species, d.b.h., And number of stems are in hardcopy. Data are
downloaded to PCs for analyses. |
| Global Change Research Applications: |
Studies of Ecosystem Processes |
| Data Availability: |
2008 |
| Publications and Reports: |
Study plan for Area I, II, and III: 1988. Clay Smith and Neil
Lamson.
Establishment report for Area I,II, and III: 1988.
Progress report: 1988. Clay Smith and Neil Lamson.
The above are office reports of U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, Parsons,
WV.
Smith, H.C. 1993. Development of Red Oak seedlings using
plastic shelters on good-to-excellent growing sites in West
Virginia. Res. Paper NE-672. Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment
Station. 7 p.
|
| Contact: |
Tom Schuler, USDA Forest Service, P.O.
Box 404, Parsons WV 26287. (304) 478-2000. |
| Cooperation: |
none |
