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Joseph A. Burns CWB
National Threatened and Endgangered Species Program Leader
Watershed, Fish, Wildlife, Air, Rare Plants
1400 Independance Ave SW - MS1121
Washington, D.C. 20250-1121
(202) 205-0919
jaburns@fs.fed.us

 

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Common Types of Wildlife Crossing Structures

Wildlife Under Pass: CULVERT

Animals pass under an intersecting roadway through a culvert. A culvert is a conduit covered with embankment around the entire perimeter. It may or may not convey water. Small conduits for amphibians are sometimes called tunnels.

Box Culvert

Culvert has four sides, including bottom. Sometimes square or rectangular corrugated metal pipe culverts without bottoms are called box culverts, but in this toolkit they are referred to as bottomless culverts.

Box culverts may be arranged in a horizontal series of small culverts to form multiple chambers.

Box Culvert
Precast concrete
Cast-in-place concrete 
Wood
Culvert (Continuous)

Culvert is continuous in circumference. The lower portion may or may not be buried. Sometimes simply called pipe. European badger culverts are sometimes called ecopipes.

Slotted drain culverts are continuous except for a break
in the upper portion.

Culvert
Corrugated metal pipe
Metal plate 
Cast-in-place concrete 
Precast concrete 
Wood
Bottomless Culvert
Culvert is discontinuous in circumference with rounded or square top and natural surface bottom. Also called open-bottom culvert.
Bottomless Culvert
Corrugated metal pipe
Metal plate
Precast concrete 
Cast-in-place concrete 
Wood

 

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Page Last Modified: July 21, 2015