Title:

Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from forest land and woodlands in the United States, 1990-2024: Estimates and quantitative uncertainty for individual states, regional ownerships, National Forests, and Tribal ownership

Author(s):

Walters, Brian F.; Domke, Grant M.; Knott, Jonathan A.; Smith, James E.; Nash, Joseph M.; Ogle, Stephen M.

Publication Year:

2026

How to Cite:

These data were collected using funding from the U.S. Government and can be used without additional permissions or fees. If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation:

Walters, Brian F.; Domke, Grant M.; Knott, Jonathan A.; Smith, James E.; Nash, Joseph M.; Ogle, Stephen M. 2026. Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from forest land and woodlands in the United States, 1990-2024: Estimates and quantitative uncertainty for individual states, regional ownerships, National Forests, and Tribal ownership. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2026-0032

Abstract:

Estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and removals from forest land, woodlands in the grassland category, and harvested wood products are compiled each year by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service researchers and are based primarily on Nationwide Forest Inventory (NFI) data collected and maintained by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program within the USDA Forest Service. The estimates of GHG emissions and removals provided in this publication are based on the most recent annual compilation supporting National Forest System, state, and international reporting. These data include 1990 to 2024 estimates of carbon net flux and 1990 to 2025 estimates of carbon stocks and land use/land use change area from the United States, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Included in this data publication are 31 tables of estimates and 4 tables of quantitative uncertainties, which provide results for National totals and by individual states, regional ownerships, National Forests, and Tribal ownership.

Keywords:

biota; environment; Climate change; Carbon; Ecology, Ecosystems, & Environment; Fire; Inventory, Monitoring, & Analysis; Monitoring; Resource inventory; Natural Resource Management & Use; Ecosystem services; greenhouse gas; emissions and removals; carbon stocks; carbon net flux; forest carbon; woodland carbon; land use; land use change; drained organic soils; United States; American Samoa; Guam; Northern Mariana Islands; Puerto Rico; U.S. Virgin Islands

Related publications:

• Domke, Grant M.; Walters, Brian F.; Knott, Jonathan A.; Nash, Joseph M. Unknown. Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from forest land, woodlands, and harvested wood products in the United States, 1990-2024. Resource Bulletin. WO-XXX. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington Office. [In review].
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2024. Inventory of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks: 1990-2022. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 430-R-24-004. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks-1990-2022

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