In response to Executive Order 14072, the Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management analyzed the threats to mature and old-growth forests on Federal lands, including from wildfires and climate change. As recognized in Section 1 of E.O. 14072, old-growth forests have decreased significantly from what existed historically. Understanding what threatens mature and old-growth forests is imperative to conserving and managing these forests and protecting their ecological, social, cultural, and economic value.

In response to Executive Order 14072, the Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management have defined and inventoried old-growth and mature forests on lands that the two agencies manage. This report synthesizes those findings and details how the inventory was completed. Of the 178 million acres of forest land managed by the agencies, over 80 million are defined as mature and 33 million as old-growth.